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| ====Bacteria – Gram-Positive Cocci==== | | ====Bacteria – Gram-Positive Cocci==== |
| {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecalis}} | | {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecalis}} |
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| ::*Bacteremia<ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref>
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] or [[Penicillin]] susceptible : [[Ampicillin]] 2 g IV q4-6h {{or}} ([[Ampicillin]] {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 1 mg/kg q8h).
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] resistant and [[vancomycin]] susceptible or [[Penicillin]] allergy : ([[Vancomycin]] 15 mg/kg IV q12h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 1 mg/kg q8h) {{or}} [[Linezolid]] 600 mg q12h {{or}} [[Daptomycin]] 6 mg/kg per day.
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] and [[Vancomycin]] resistant : [[Linezolid]] 600 mg q12h {{or}} [[Daptomycin]] 6 mg/kg IV per day
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| ::*Endocarditis in Adults <ref name="Baddour-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Baddour | first1 = LM. | last2 = Wilson | first2 = WR. | last3 = Bayer | first3 = AS. | last4 = Fowler | first4 = VG. | last5 = Bolger | first5 = AF. | last6 = Levison | first6 = ME. | last7 = Ferrieri | first7 = P. | last8 = Gerber | first8 = MA. | last9 = Tani | first9 = LY. | title = Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association: endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. | journal = Circulation | volume = 111 | issue = 23 | pages = e394-434 | month = Jun | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.165564 | PMID = 15956145 }}</ref>
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| :::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Gentamicin]], and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for 4–6weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin G|Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium]] 18–30 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks) {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks
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| ::::*'''Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended '''
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| ::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6 weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Streptomycin]], and [[Vancomycin]] and Resistant to [[Gentamicin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin G|Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium]] 24 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks){{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6weeks
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| ::::*Alternate regimen: [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV 6weeks {{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]] and Susceptible to [[Aminoglycoside]] and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*β Lactamase–producing strain
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : [[Ampicillin-sulbactam]] 12 g/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM 6weeks
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| ::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| ::::*Intrinsic penicillin resistance : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]], [[Aminoglycoside]], and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Imipenem]] {{or}} [[Cilastatin]] 2 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[Ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks) {{or}} ([[Ceftriaxone sodium]] 4 g/day IV/IM for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks)
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| ::*Endocarditis in Pediatrics
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| :::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Gentamicin]], and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin]] 300,000U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM 4–6 weeks
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| ::::*'''Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended '''
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| ::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Streptomycin]], and [[Vancomycin]] and Resistant to [[Gentamicin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin]] 300,000 U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) {{and}} [[Streptomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks
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| ::::*Alternate regimen: [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]] and Susceptible to [[Aminoglycoside]] and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*β Lactamase–producing strain
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : [[Ampicillin-sulbactam]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| ::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| ::::*Intrinsic penicillin resistance : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
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| :::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]], [[Aminoglycoside]], and [[Vancomycin]]
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| ::::*Preferred regimen : [[Imipenem]]/[[cilastatin]] 60–100 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IVfor ≥ 8weeks
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| ::::*Alternate regimen : [[Ceftriaxone]] 100 mg/kg/day IV/IM {{and}} [[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks
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| ::*Meningitis<ref name="pmid15494903">{{vcite2 journal |vauthors=Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. |title=Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=39 |issue=9 |pages=1267–84 |year=2004 |pmid=15494903 |doi=10.1086/425368 |url= |issn=}}</ref>
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] susceptible
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| ::::*Preferred regimen: [[Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV q4h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] resistant
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| ::::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h
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| :::*[[Ampicillin]] and vancomycin resistant
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| ::::*Preferred regimen: [[Linezolid]] 600 mg IV q12h
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| ::*Urinary tract infections <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref>
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| :::*Preferred regimen : [[Nitrofurantoin]] 100 mg PO q6h for 5 days {{or}} [[Fosfomycin]] 3 g PO single dose {{or}} [[Amoxicillin]] 875 mg-1 g PO q12h for 5 days
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| ::*Intra abdominal or Wound infections <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref>
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| :::*[[Penicillin]] or [[Ampicillin]] are preferred agents, [[Vancomycin]] in setting of [[penicillin]] allergy or high-level [[penicillin]] resistance.
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| :::*For complicated skin-skin structure and intra-abdominal infection : [[Tigecycline]] 100 mg IV single dose and 50 mg IV q12h
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| {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecium}} | | {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecium}} |
| {{pathogen|Staphylococcus aureus}} | | {{pathogen|Staphylococcus aureus}} |
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| ====Bacteria – Spirochetes==== | | ====Bacteria – Spirochetes==== |
| {{pathogen|Borrelia burgdorferi}} | | {{pathogen|Borrelia}} |
| {{pathogen|Borrelia recurrentis}}
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| {{pathogen|Leptospira}} | | {{pathogen|Leptospira}} |
| {{pathogen|Treponema pallidum}} | | {{pathogen|Treponema pallidum}} |
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| {{pathogen|Smallpox}} | | {{pathogen|Smallpox}} |
| {{pathogen|HIV/AIDS}} | | {{pathogen|HIV/AIDS}} |
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| | ==References== |
| | {{reflist|2}} |