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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PEG10'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid11318613">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ono R, Kobayashi S, Wagatsuma H, Aisaka K, Kohda T, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ishino F | title = A retrotransposon-derived gene, PEG10, is a novel imprinted gene located on human chromosome 7q21 | journal = Genomics | volume = 73 | issue = 2 | pages = 232–7 | date = Apr 2001 | pmid = 11318613 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.2001.6494 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15716091">{{cite journal | vauthors = Brandt J, Schrauth S, Veith AM, Froschauer A, Haneke T, Schultheis C, Gessler M, Leimeister C, Volff JN | title = Transposable elements as a source of genetic innovation: expression and evolution of a family of retrotransposon-derived neogenes in mammals | journal = Gene | volume = 345 | issue = 1 | pages = 101–11 | date = Jan 2005 | pmid = 15716091 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.022 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16093683">{{cite journal | vauthors = Brandt J, Veith AM, Volff JN | title = A family of neofunctionalized Ty3/gypsy retrotransposon genes in mammalian genomes | journal = Cytogenetic and Genome Research | volume = 110 | issue = 1-4 | pages = 307–17 | date = Aug 2005 | pmid = 16093683 | pmc = | doi = 10.1159/000084963 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PEG10 paternally expressed 10| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23089| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Paternally expressed 10
| HGNCid = 14005
| Symbol = PEG10
| AltSymbols =; Edr; HB-1; KIAA1051; MEF3L; Mar2; Mart2; RGAG3
| OMIM = 609810
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 9009
| MGIid = 2157785
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PEG10_212092_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_PEG10_212094_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003676 |text = nucleic acid binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030512 |text = negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 23089
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000198872
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001035242
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001040152
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 94123794
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 94136940
    | Hs_Uniprot = 
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 170676
    | Mm_Ensembl = 
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001040611
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001035701
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''Paternally expressed 10''', also known as '''PEG10''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PEG10 paternally expressed 10| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23089| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene includes two overlapping reading frames of the same transcript encoding distinct isoforms. The shorter isoform has a CCHC-type zinc finger motif containing a sequence characteristic of gag proteins of most retroviruses and some retrotransposons, and it functions in part by interacting with members of the TGF-beta receptor family. The longer isoform has the active-site DSG consensus sequence of the protease domain of pol proteins. The longer isoform is the result of -1 translational frameshifting that is also seen in some retroviruses. Expression of these two isoforms only comes from the paternal allele due to imprinting. Increased gene expression (as observed by an increase in mRNA levels) is associated with hepatocellular carcinomas.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene includes two overlapping reading frames of the same transcript encoding distinct isoforms. The shorter isoform has a CCHC-type zinc finger motif containing a sequence characteristic of gag proteins of most retroviruses and some retrotransposons, and it functions in part by interacting with members of the TGF-beta receptor family. The longer isoform has the active-site DSG consensus sequence of the protease domain of pol proteins. The longer isoform is the result of -1 translational frameshifting that is also seen in some retroviruses. Expression of these two isoforms only comes from the paternal allele due to imprinting. Increased gene expression (as observed by an increase in mRNA levels) is associated with hepatocellular carcinomas.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PEG10 paternally expressed 10| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23089| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
PEG10 is a paternally expressed imprinted gene that is expressed in adult and embryonic tissues.<ref>{{cite web|title=PEG10 paternally expressed 10 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/23089|website=Pubmed|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref> Most notable expression occurs in the placenta. This gene is highly conserved across mammalian species and retains the heptanucleotide (GGGAAAC). This gene has been reported to play a role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene has been associated with several malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Knockout mice lacking this gene showed early embryonic lethality with placental defects, indicating the importance of this gene in embryonic development. In preeclampsia placental tissue, PEG10 has been shown to be downregulated<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Liang XY, Chen X, Jin YZ, Chen XO, Chen QZ | title = Expression and significance of the imprinted gene PEG10 in placenta of patients with preeclampsia | journal = Genetics and Molecular Research | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | date = Dec 18, 2014 | doi = 10.4238/2014.December.18.2 | pmid = 25526181 | pages=10607–14}}</ref> and upregulated<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen H, Sun M, Zhao G, Liu J, Gao W, Si S, Meng T | title = Elevated expression of PEG10 in human placentas from preeclamptic pregnancies | journal = Acta Histochemica | volume = 114 | issue = 6 | date = Oct 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.11.003 | pmid = 22137777 | pages=589–93}}</ref> implicating it as a possible causal role in the occurrence of preeclampsia.
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
== Interactions ==
 
PEG10 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[SIAH2]]<ref name=pmid12810624>{{cite journal | vauthors = Okabe H, Satoh S, Furukawa Y, Kato T, Hasegawa S, Nakajima Y, Yamaoka Y, Nakamura Y | title = Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1 | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 63 | issue = 12 | pages = 3043–8 | date = Jun 2003 | pmid = 12810624 }}</ref> and [[SIAH1]].<ref name=pmid12810624/>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA | title = A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction | journal = Analytical Biochemistry | volume = 236 | issue = 1 | pages = 107–13 | date = Apr 1996 | pmid = 8619474 | doi = 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA | title = Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing | journal = Genome Research | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | pages = 353–8 | date = Apr 1997 | pmid = 9110174 | pmc = 139146 | doi = 10.1101/gr.7.4.353 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, ''et al.'' |title=A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction. |journal=Anal. Biochem. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 107-13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8619474 |doi= 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kikuno R, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O | title = Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro | journal = DNA Research | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 197–205 | date = Jun 1999 | pmid = 10470851 | doi = 10.1093/dnares/6.3.197 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 353-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110174 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Volff J, Körting C, Schartl M | title = Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon fossils in mammalian genomes: did they evolve into new cellular functions? | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume = 18 | issue = 2 | pages = 266–70 | date = Feb 2001 | pmid = 11158386 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003801 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kikuno R, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, ''et al.'' |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=6 |issue= 3 |pages= 197-205 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10470851 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Shigemoto K, Brennan J, Walls E, Watson CJ, Stott D, Rigby PW, Reith AD | title = Identification and characterisation of a developmentally regulated mammalian gene that utilises -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 29 | issue = 19 | pages = 4079–88 | date = Oct 2001 | pmid = 11574691 | pmc = 60235 | doi = 10.1093/nar/29.19.4079 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Volff J, Körting C, Schartl M |title=Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon fossils in mammalian genomes: did they evolve into new cellular functions? |journal=Mol. Biol. Evol. |volume=18 |issue= 2 |pages= 266-70 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11158386 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Smallwood A, Papageorghiou A, Nicolaides K, Alley MK, Jim A, Nargund G, Ojha K, Campbell S, Banerjee S | title = Temporal regulation of the expression of syncytin (HERV-W), maternally imprinted PEG10, and SGCE in human placenta | journal = Biology of Reproduction | volume = 69 | issue = 1 | pages = 286–93 | date = Jul 2003 | pmid = 12620933 | doi = 10.1095/biolreprod.102.013078 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ono R, Kobayashi S, Wagatsuma H, ''et al.'' |title=A retrotransposon-derived gene, PEG10, is a novel imprinted gene located on human chromosome 7q21. |journal=Genomics |volume=73 |issue= 2 |pages= 232-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11318613 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2001.6494 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Okabe H, Satoh S, Furukawa Y, Kato T, Hasegawa S, Nakajima Y, Yamaoka Y, Nakamura Y | title = Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1 | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 63 | issue = 12 | pages = 3043–8 | date = Jun 2003 | pmid = 12810624 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shigemoto K, Brennan J, Walls E, ''et al.'' |title=Identification and characterisation of a developmentally regulated mammalian gene that utilises -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=29 |issue= 19 |pages= 4079-88 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11574691 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tsou AP, Chuang YC, Su JY, Yang CW, Liao YL, Liu WK, Chiu JH, Chou CK | title = Overexpression of a novel imprinted gene, PEG10, in human hepatocellular carcinoma and in regenerating mouse livers | journal = Journal of Biomedical Science | volume = 10 | issue = 6 Pt 1 | pages = 625–35 | year = 2004 | pmid = 14576465 | doi = 10.1159/000073528 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S | title = Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions | journal = Genome Research | volume = 14 | issue = 9 | pages = 1711–8 | date = Sep 2004 | pmid = 15342556 | pmc = 515316 | doi = 10.1101/gr.2435604 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Smallwood A, Papageorghiou A, Nicolaides K, ''et al.'' |title=Temporal regulation of the expression of syncytin (HERV-W), maternally imprinted PEG10, and SGCE in human placenta. |journal=Biol. Reprod. |volume=69 |issue= 1 |pages= 286-93 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12620933 |doi= 10.1095/biolreprod.102.013078 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lux A, Beil C, Majety M, Barron S, Gallione CJ, Kuhn HM, Berg JN, Kioschis P, Marchuk DA, Hafner M | title = Human retroviral gag- and gag-pol-like proteins interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 9 | pages = 8482–93 | date = Mar 2005 | pmid = 15611116 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M409197200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Okabe H, Satoh S, Furukawa Y, ''et al.'' |title=Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=63 |issue= 12 |pages= 3043-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12810624 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Manktelow E, Shigemoto K, Brierley I | title = Characterization of the frameshift signal of Edr, a mammalian example of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 33 | issue = 5 | pages = 1553–63 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15767280 | pmc = 1065257 | doi = 10.1093/nar/gki299 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. |journal=Nature |volume=424 |issue= 6945 |pages= 157-64 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12853948 |doi= 10.1038/nature01782 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = He H, Olesnanik K, Nagy R, Liyanarachchi S, Prasad ML, Stratakis CA, Kloos RT, de la Chapelle A | title = Allelic variation in gene expression in thyroid tissue | journal = Thyroid | volume = 15 | issue = 7 | pages = 660–7 | date = Jul 2005 | pmid = 16053381 | doi = 10.1089/thy.2005.15.660 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tsou AP, Chuang YC, Su JY, ''et al.'' |title=Overexpression of a novel imprinted gene, PEG10, in human hepatocellular carcinoma and in regenerating mouse livers. |journal=J. Biomed. Sci. |volume=10 |issue= 6 Pt 1 |pages= 625-35 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14576465 |doi= 10.1159/000073528 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hu C, Xiong J, Zhang L, Huang B, Zhang Q, Li Q, Yang M, Wu Y, Wu Q, Shen Q, Gao Q, Zhang K, Sun Z, Liu J, Jin Y, Tan J | title = PEG10 activation by co-stimulation of CXCR5 and CCR7 essentially contributes to resistance to apoptosis in CD19+CD34+ B cells from patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia | journal = Cellular & Molecular Immunology | volume = 1 | issue = 4 | pages = 280–94 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 16225771 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, ''et al.'' |title=Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages= 1711-8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15342556 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2435604 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S | title = Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes | journal = Genome Research | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 55–65 | date = Jan 2006 | pmid = 16344560 | pmc = 1356129 | doi = 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lux A, Beil C, Majety M, ''et al.'' |title=Human retroviral gag- and gag-pol-like proteins interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 9 |pages= 8482-93 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15611116 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M409197200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Li CM, Margolin AA, Salas M, Memeo L, Mansukhani M, Hibshoosh H, Szabolcs M, Klinakis A, Tycko B | title = PEG10 is a c-MYC target gene in cancer cells | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 66 | issue = 2 | pages = 665–72 | date = Jan 2006 | pmid = 16423995 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1553 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Brandt J, Schrauth S, Veith AM, ''et al.'' |title=Transposable elements as a source of genetic innovation: expression and evolution of a family of retrotransposon-derived neogenes in mammals. |journal=Gene |volume=345 |issue= 1 |pages= 101-11 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15716091 |doi= 10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.022 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Manktelow E, Shigemoto K, Brierley I |title=Characterization of the frameshift signal of Edr, a mammalian example of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=33 |issue= 5 |pages= 1553-63 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15767280 |doi= 10.1093/nar/gki299 }}
*{{cite journal | author=He H, Olesnanik K, Nagy R, ''et al.'' |title=Allelic variation in gene expression in thyroid tissue. |journal=Thyroid |volume=15 |issue= 7 |pages= 660-7 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16053381 |doi= 10.1089/thy.2005.15.660 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Brandt J, Veith AM, Volff JN |title=A family of neofunctionalized Ty3/gypsy retrotransposon genes in mammalian genomes. |journal=Cytogenet. Genome Res. |volume=110 |issue= 1-4 |pages= 307-17 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16093683 |doi= 10.1159/000084963 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hu C, Xiong J, Zhang L, ''et al.'' |title=PEG10 activation by co-stimulation of CXCR5 and CCR7 essentially contributes to resistance to apoptosis in CD19+CD34+ B cells from patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. |journal=Cell. Mol. Immunol. |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 280-94 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16225771 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, ''et al.'' |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55-65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Li CM, Margolin AA, Salas M, ''et al.'' |title=PEG10 is a c-MYC target gene in cancer cells. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=66 |issue= 2 |pages= 665-72 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16423995 |doi= 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1553 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
 
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{{gene-7-stub}}

Latest revision as of 17:54, 7 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PEG10 gene.[1][2][3][4]

Function

This gene includes two overlapping reading frames of the same transcript encoding distinct isoforms. The shorter isoform has a CCHC-type zinc finger motif containing a sequence characteristic of gag proteins of most retroviruses and some retrotransposons, and it functions in part by interacting with members of the TGF-beta receptor family. The longer isoform has the active-site DSG consensus sequence of the protease domain of pol proteins. The longer isoform is the result of -1 translational frameshifting that is also seen in some retroviruses. Expression of these two isoforms only comes from the paternal allele due to imprinting. Increased gene expression (as observed by an increase in mRNA levels) is associated with hepatocellular carcinomas.[4]

PEG10 is a paternally expressed imprinted gene that is expressed in adult and embryonic tissues.[5] Most notable expression occurs in the placenta. This gene is highly conserved across mammalian species and retains the heptanucleotide (GGGAAAC). This gene has been reported to play a role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene has been associated with several malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Knockout mice lacking this gene showed early embryonic lethality with placental defects, indicating the importance of this gene in embryonic development. In preeclampsia placental tissue, PEG10 has been shown to be downregulated[6] and upregulated[7] implicating it as a possible causal role in the occurrence of preeclampsia.

Interactions

PEG10 has been shown to interact with SIAH2[8] and SIAH1.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Ono R, Kobayashi S, Wagatsuma H, Aisaka K, Kohda T, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ishino F (Apr 2001). "A retrotransposon-derived gene, PEG10, is a novel imprinted gene located on human chromosome 7q21". Genomics. 73 (2): 232–7. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6494. PMID 11318613.
  2. ↑ Brandt J, Schrauth S, Veith AM, Froschauer A, Haneke T, Schultheis C, Gessler M, Leimeister C, Volff JN (Jan 2005). "Transposable elements as a source of genetic innovation: expression and evolution of a family of retrotransposon-derived neogenes in mammals". Gene. 345 (1): 101–11. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.022. PMID 15716091.
  3. ↑ Brandt J, Veith AM, Volff JN (Aug 2005). "A family of neofunctionalized Ty3/gypsy retrotransposon genes in mammalian genomes". Cytogenetic and Genome Research. 110 (1–4): 307–17. doi:10.1159/000084963. PMID 16093683.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Entrez Gene: PEG10 paternally expressed 10".
  5. ↑ "PEG10 paternally expressed 10 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]". Pubmed. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  6. ↑ Liang XY, Chen X, Jin YZ, Chen XO, Chen QZ (Dec 18, 2014). "Expression and significance of the imprinted gene PEG10 in placenta of patients with preeclampsia". Genetics and Molecular Research. 13 (4): 10607–14. doi:10.4238/2014.December.18.2. PMID 25526181.
  7. ↑ Chen H, Sun M, Zhao G, Liu J, Gao W, Si S, Meng T (Oct 2012). "Elevated expression of PEG10 in human placentas from preeclamptic pregnancies". Acta Histochemica. 114 (6): 589–93. doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2011.11.003. PMID 22137777.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Okabe H, Satoh S, Furukawa Y, Kato T, Hasegawa S, Nakajima Y, Yamaoka Y, Nakamura Y (Jun 2003). "Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1". Cancer Research. 63 (12): 3043–8. PMID 12810624.

Further reading


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