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| {{Hepatitis B}}
| | #REDIRECT[[Hepatitis B virus]] |
| {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor In Chief:''' {{CZ}}
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| == Cause ==
| | [[Category:Emergency mdicine]] |
| ===Structure of Virus===
| | [[Category:Disease]] |
| Virions consist of an outer [[lipid]] envelope and an icosahedral [[nucleocapsid]] core composed of [[protein]]. The nucleocapsid encloses the viral DNA and a DNA polymerase that has [[reverse transcriptase]] activity. The outer envelope contains embedded proteins which are involved in viral binding of, and release into, susceptible cells. Virion shape is generally spherical with a diameter of 40 - 48 nanometers (nm), but [[pleomorphic]] forms exist, including filamentous and spherical bodies lacking a core. These "subviral" particles are not infectious.
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| The DNA [[genome]] is not segmented but rather partially double-stranded, containing a long and short segment which overlap approximately 240 [[nucleotide]]s to form an open circle. The longer strand is 3020-3320 nucleotides long, and the shorter is 1700-2800 nucleotides long.<ref>[http://phene.cpmc.columbia.edu/ICTVdB/00.030.htm Hepadnaviridae characteristics] - ICTVdB</ref> The virus can be divided into four major [[serotype]]s (adr, adw, ayr, ayw) based on antigenic [[epitope]]s present on its envelope proteins, and into eight genotypes (A-H) according to overall nucleotide sequence variation of the genome. Different genotypes have distinct geographic distributions. For example, genotypes B and C are prevalent in China and neighboring countries.
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| == References ==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Hepatitis|B]] | |
| [[Category:Viruses]] | |
| [[Category:Infectious disease]] | | [[Category:Infectious disease]] |
| | [[Category:Hepatology]] |
| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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