Primary central nervous system lymphoma classification: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 03:45, 8 April 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Primary CNS lymphomas are extranodal, malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the diffuse large B-cell type that are confined to the brain, eyes, leptomeninges, or spinal cord, in the absence of systemic lymphoma. Primary CNS lymphomas are estimated to account for up to 1% of all lymphomas, 4–6% of all extranodal lymphomas, and about 3% of all CNS tumours. After a continuous rise in the incidence of primary CNS lymphoma during the 1980s and 1990s, epidemiological data in high-income countries show a decrease in incidence, particularly among young patients with AIDS.

Classification

Primary central nervous system lymphoma may be classified according to the site of involvement of the central nervous system into 3 groups:^[1]

Parenchymal

Non-Hodgkin B cell type / diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (most common)
Non-Hodgkin T cell type
Primary CNS involvement with Hodgkin disease

Intravascular lymphoma
Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma

Primary dural lymphoma

References

↑ CNS lymphoma. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cns-lymphoma-1. Accessed on February 17, 2016

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Template:WikiDoc Sources

[classifdicationprimarycnslymphoma1-1] CNS lymphoma. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cns-lymphoma-1. Accessed on February 17, 2016

[1]

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+__NOTOC__
+{{Primary central nervous system lymphoma}}
 {{CMG}}
-{{Primary central nervous system lymphoma}}
 ==Overview==
-'''Primary CNS lymphoma''' is a [[brain tumor|primary intracranial tumor]] usually present in those with severe immunosuppression --- commonly in those with [[AIDS]] --- and represents around 20% of all cases of lymphomas in HIV infection (other types being [[Burkitt's lymphoma]] and immunoblastic lymphoma). Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is highly associated with [[Epstein-Barr virus]] infection (> 90%) in immunodeficient patients<ref>Fine HA, Mayer RJ. Primary central nervous system lymphoma. ''Ann Intern Med'' 1993; 119(11):1093-1104</ref> (such as those with AIDS and those iatrogenically immunosupressed) and does not have predilections for any age group. Mean [[CD4]]+ count at time of diagnosis is ~50/uL. Because of the severity of immunosuppression at the time of diagnosis, it is to no surprise that prognosis is usually poor.  In immunocompetent patients (that is, patients that do not have AIDS or some other immunodeficiency) there is rarely an association with EBV infection or other infectious DNAs.  In the immunocompetent population, PCNSL typically affects older patients in their 50's and 60's.  Importantly, the incidence of PCNSL in the immunocompetent population has been reported to have increased more than 10-fold from 2.5 cases to 30 cases per 10 million population<ref>Eby NL, Grufferman S, Flannelly CM, Schold SC, Jr., Vogel FS, Burger PC. Increasing incidence of primary brain lymphoma in the US. ''Cancer'' 1988;62(11):2461-2465</ref><ref>Corn BW, Marcus SM, Topham A, Hauck W, Curran WJ, Jr. Will primary central nervous system lymphoma be the most frequent brain tumor diagnosed in the year 2000? ''Cancer'' 1997;79(12):2409-2413</ref>.  The cause for the increase in incidence of this disease in the immunocompetent population is unknown.
+Primary CNS lymphomas are extranodal, malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the diffuse large B-cell type that are confined to the brain, eyes, leptomeninges, or spinal cord, in the absence of systemic lymphoma. Primary CNS lymphomas are estimated to account for up to 1% of all lymphomas, 4–6% of all extranodal lymphomas, and about 3% of all CNS tumours. After a continuous rise in the incidence of primary CNS lymphoma during the 1980s and 1990s, epidemiological data in high-income countries show a decrease in incidence, particularly among young patients with AIDS.
+==Classification==
+Primary central nervous system lymphoma may be classified according to the site of involvement of the central nervous system into 3 groups:<ref name=classifdicationprimarycnslymphoma1>CNS lymphoma. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cns-lymphoma-1. Accessed on February 17, 2016</ref>
+*'''Parenchymal'''
+:*Non-Hodgkin B cell type / diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ('''most common''')
+:*Non-Hodgkin T cell type
+:*Primary CNS involvement with Hodgkin disease
+*'''Intravascular lymphoma'''
+*'''Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma'''
+:*Primary dural lymphoma
 ==References==
-<references/>
+{{Reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Neurology]]
 [[Category:Neurosurgery]]
 [[Category:Types of cancer]]
 [[Category:Viral diseases]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Oncology]]
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+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Neurology]]
+[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
+[[Category:Hematology]]

Primary central nervous system lymphoma classification: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:45, 8 April 2019

Overview

Classification

References

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