Hyperkalemia physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]
==Overview==
==Overview==
In patients with [[hyperkalemia]], physical examination may vary from normal to [[bradycardia]] ([[heart block]]), [[tachypnea]] due to respiratory muscle weakness and absent [[tendon reflexes]]. Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of cardiac arrhythmias due to the hyperkalemia.<ref name="pmid27939860">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kogika MM, de Morais HA |title=A Quick Reference on Hyperkalemia |journal=Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=223–228 |year=2017 |pmid=27939860 |doi=10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.009 |url=}}</ref>
In patients with [[hyperkalemia]], physical examination may vary from normal to [[bradycardia]] ([[heart block]]), [[tachypnea]] due to respiratory muscle weakness and absent [[tendon reflexes]]. Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of [[Arrhythmia|cardiac arrhythmias]] due to the hyperkalemia.


==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of cardiac arrhythmias due to the hyperkalemia.<ref name="pmid4625433">{{cite journal| author=Boddy K, King PC, Hume R, Weyers E| title=The relation of total body potassium to height, weight, and age in normal adults. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 1972 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 512-7 | pmid=4625433 | doi= | pmc=477368 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4625433  }}</ref>  
Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of cardiac arrhythmias due to the hyperkalemia.<ref name="pmid27939860">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kogika MM, de Morais HA |title=A Quick Reference on Hyperkalemia |journal=Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=223–228 |year=2017 |pmid=27939860 |doi=10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.009 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4625433">{{cite journal| author=Boddy K, King PC, Hume R, Weyers E| title=The relation of total body potassium to height, weight, and age in normal adults. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 1972 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 512-7 | pmid=4625433 | doi= | pmc=477368 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4625433  }}</ref>  
===Vitals===
===Vitals===
* [[Bradycardia]] (heart block)
* [[Bradycardia]] (heart block)
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Potassium]]
[[Category:Potassium]]
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
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Latest revision as of 14:42, 31 July 2018



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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

In patients with hyperkalemia, physical examination may vary from normal to bradycardia (heart block), tachypnea due to respiratory muscle weakness and absent tendon reflexes. Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of cardiac arrhythmias due to the hyperkalemia.

Physical Examination

Evaluation of vital signs plays a key role in determining hemodynamic stability and identifying the presence of cardiac arrhythmias due to the hyperkalemia.[1][2]

Vitals

Lungs

  • Decrease chest expansion (respiratory muscle weakness)
  • Normal breathe sounds
  • Normal tactile fremitus

Cardiac

  • Normal S1 S2
  • Extra sysstole may be noted

Abdomen

  • No abdominal tenderness or distention
  • Normal bowel sounds

Neurologic

References

  1. Kogika MM, de Morais HA (2017). "A Quick Reference on Hyperkalemia". Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. 47 (2): 223–228. doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.009. PMID 27939860.
  2. Boddy K, King PC, Hume R, Weyers E (1972). "The relation of total body potassium to height, weight, and age in normal adults". J Clin Pathol. 25 (6): 512–7. PMC 477368. PMID 4625433.

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