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==Overview==
==Overview==
Iron deficiency is the most common known form of nutritional deficiency. Its prevalence is highest among young children and women of childbearing age (particularly pregnant women). In children, iron deficiency causes developmental delays and behavioral disturbances, and in pregnant women, it increases the risk for a preterm delivery and delivering a low-birthweight baby. In the past three decades, increased iron intake among infants has resulted in a decline in childhood iron-deficiency anemia in the United States. As a consequence, the use of screening tests for anemia has become a less efficient means of detecting iron deficiency in some populations. For women of childbearing age, iron deficiency has remained prevalent.
Iron deficiency anemia can occur in any age group, region, gender but there are some factors that predispose individuals of some groups to develop iron deficiency.
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
*The incidence/prevalence of iron deficicency anemia is approximately 720-1360 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="urlRecommendations to Prevent and Control Iron Deficiency in the United States">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00051880.htm#top |title=Recommendations to Prevent and Control Iron Deficiency in the United States |format= |work= |accessdate=2012-09-18}}</ref>


To address the changing epidemiology of iron deficiency in the United States, CDC staff in consultation with experts developed new recommendations for use by primary health-care providers to prevent, detect, and treat iron deficiency. These recommendations update the 1989 "CDC Criteria for Anemia in Children and Childbearing-Aged Women" (MMWR 1989;38(22):400-4) and are the first comprehensive CDC recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency. CDC emphasizes sound iron nutrition for infants and young children, screening for anemia among women of childbearing age, and the importance of low-dose iron supplementation for pregnant women.
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop iron deficiency anemia<ref name="pmid25946282">{{cite journal| author=Camaschella C| title=Iron-deficiency anemia. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2015 | volume= 372 | issue= 19 | pages= 1832-43 | pmid=25946282 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1401038 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25946282  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26314490">{{cite journal| author=Lopez A, Cacoub P, Macdougall IC, Peyrin-Biroulet L| title=Iron deficiency anaemia. | journal=Lancet | year= 2016 | volume= 387 | issue= 10021 | pages= 907-16 | pmid=26314490 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60865-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26314490  }} </ref><ref name="pmid22288902">{{cite journal| author=Khadem G, Scott IA, Klein K| title=Evaluation of iron deficiency anaemia in tertiary hospital settings: room for improvement? | journal=Intern Med J | year= 2012 | volume= 42 | issue= 6 | pages= 658-64 | pmid=22288902 | doi=10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02724.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22288902  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26637694">{{cite journal| author=Camaschella C| title=Iron deficiency: new insights into diagnosis and treatment. | journal=Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program | year= 2015 | volume= 2015 | issue=  | pages= 8-13 | pmid=26637694 | doi=10.1182/asheducation-2015.1.8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26637694  }} </ref>.
*Older individuals are more commonly affected.
*Children aged 6 months to 24 months are also at risk.  


==References==
===Race===
{{Reflist|2}}
* African Americans have more risk of developing iron deficiency anemia.
 
===Gender===
*Iron deficiency anemia develops more commonly in females than males.
 
===Region===
*Iron deficiency anemia is more common in regions where meat is consumed in small quantities.
 
===Developed Countries===
 
===Developing Countries===


[[Category:Needs content]]
==External Link==
[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00051880.htm Center for disease control and prevention]


==References==
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]

Latest revision as of 22:25, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jogeet Singh Sekhon, M.D. [2]

Overview

Iron deficiency anemia can occur in any age group, region, gender but there are some factors that predispose individuals of some groups to develop iron deficiency.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • The incidence/prevalence of iron deficicency anemia is approximately 720-1360 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]

Age

  • Patients of all age groups may develop iron deficiency anemia[2][3][4][5].
  • Older individuals are more commonly affected.
  • Children aged 6 months to 24 months are also at risk.

Race

  • African Americans have more risk of developing iron deficiency anemia.

Gender

  • Iron deficiency anemia develops more commonly in females than males.

Region

  • Iron deficiency anemia is more common in regions where meat is consumed in small quantities.

Developed Countries

Developing Countries

External Link

Center for disease control and prevention

References

  1. "Recommendations to Prevent and Control Iron Deficiency in the United States". Retrieved 2012-09-18.
  2. Camaschella C (2015). "Iron-deficiency anemia". N Engl J Med. 372 (19): 1832–43. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1401038. PMID 25946282.
  3. Lopez A, Cacoub P, Macdougall IC, Peyrin-Biroulet L (2016). "Iron deficiency anaemia". Lancet. 387 (10021): 907–16. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60865-0. PMID 26314490.
  4. Khadem G, Scott IA, Klein K (2012). "Evaluation of iron deficiency anaemia in tertiary hospital settings: room for improvement?". Intern Med J. 42 (6): 658–64. doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02724.x. PMID 22288902.
  5. Camaschella C (2015). "Iron deficiency: new insights into diagnosis and treatment". Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2015: 8–13. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2015.1.8. PMID 26637694.

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