Hepatitis B vertical transmission: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure [[immunoprophylaxis]], approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from [[chronic liver disease]].<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | Hepatitis B virus ([[HBV]]) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure [[immunoprophylaxis]], approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from [[chronic liver disease]].<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | ||
==Hepatitis B vertical transmission== | ==Hepatitis B vertical transmission== | ||
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure [[immunoprophylaxis]], approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from [[chronic liver disease]].<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | Hepatitis B virus ([[HBV]]) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure [[immunoprophylaxis]], approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from [[chronic liver disease]].<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | ||
Perinatal HBV transmission can be prevented by identifying HBV-infected (i.e., hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]-positive) pregnant women and providing hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine to | Perinatal HBV transmission can be prevented by identifying HBV-infected (i.e., hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]-positive) pregnant women and providing hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine to infants born to them within 12 hours of birth. | ||
*Preventing perinatal HBV transmission is an integral part of the national strategy to eliminate hepatitis B in the United States. National guidelines call for the following:<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | *Preventing perinatal HBV transmission is an integral part of the national strategy to eliminate hepatitis B in the United States. National guidelines call for the following:<ref name=CDC-Perinatal-Transmission> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016</ref> | ||
**Universal screening of pregnant women for HBsAg during each pregnancy | **Universal screening of pregnant women for HBsAg during each pregnancy | ||
**Case management of HBsAg-positive mothers and their infants | **Case management of HBsAg-positive mothers and their infants | ||
**Provision of immunoprophylaxis for infants born to infected mothers, including [[hepatitis B vaccine]] and hepatitis B [[immune globulin]] | **Provision of [[immunoprophylaxis]] for infants born to infected mothers, including [[hepatitis B vaccine]] and hepatitis B [[immune globulin]] | ||
**Routine vaccination of all infants with the hepatitis B vaccine series, with the first dose administered at birth | **Routine vaccination of all infants with the hepatitis B vaccine series, with the first dose administered at birth | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:Screen Shot 2016-10-05 at 10.59.15 AM.png|800px|thumb|center]] | ||
==References == | ==References == | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:FinalQCRequired]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:05, 29 July 2020
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Hepatitis B |
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Hepatitis B vertical transmission On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatitis B vertical transmission |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hepatitis B vertical transmission |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure immunoprophylaxis, approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from chronic liver disease.[1]
Hepatitis B vertical transmission
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a pregnant woman poses a serious risk to her infant at birth. Without postexposure immunoprophylaxis, approximately 40% of infants born to HBV-infected mothers in the United States will develop chronic HBV infection, approximately one-fourth of whom will eventually die from chronic liver disease.[1]
Perinatal HBV transmission can be prevented by identifying HBV-infected (i.e., hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]-positive) pregnant women and providing hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine to infants born to them within 12 hours of birth.
- Preventing perinatal HBV transmission is an integral part of the national strategy to eliminate hepatitis B in the United States. National guidelines call for the following:[1]
- Universal screening of pregnant women for HBsAg during each pregnancy
- Case management of HBsAg-positive mothers and their infants
- Provision of immunoprophylaxis for infants born to infected mothers, including hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin
- Routine vaccination of all infants with the hepatitis B vaccine series, with the first dose administered at birth
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis B Information. Perinatal Transmission (2016) http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm Accessed on October 5th, 2016