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| __NOTOC__ | | __NOTOC__ |
| {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | | | {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | |
| Name = Esophagitis | | | Name = Esophagitis | |
| Image= Esophagitis-003.jpg| | | Image = Esophagitis-003.jpg| |
| Caption= Esophagitis <br> (Image courtesy of RadsWiki)| | | Caption = Esophagitis <br> (Image courtesy of RadsWiki)| |
| ICD10 = K20 |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|530.1}} |
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| MedlinePlus = 001153 |
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| }} | | }} |
| {{Esophagitis}} | | {{Esophagitis}} |
| '''For patient information on this page, click [[ Esophagitis (patient information)|here]]''' | | '''For patient information on this page, click [[ Esophagitis (patient information)|here]]''' |
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| {{CMG}},'''Assistant Editor-in-Chief:''' [[User:Soumya Sachdeva|Soumya Sachdeva]] | | {{CMG}},{{AE}} [[User:Soumya Sachdeva|Soumya Sachdeva]], {{Ajay}} |
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| {{SK}} Oesophagitis | | {{SK}} Oesophagitis |
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| ==Overview== | | ==[[Esophagitis overview|Overview]]== |
| Esophagitis is defined as [[inflammation]] of the [[esophagus]]. The inflammation can be due to a variety of causes such as [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], viruses, or chemical injuries.
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| ==Pathophysiology== | | ==[[Esophagitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
| * The most common cause is [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] ([[GERD]]). If caused by [[GERD]], the diseases is also called '''[[reflux esophagitis]]'''.
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| * Other causes of [[esophagitis]] include infections (most commonly [[Candida (genus)|candida]], [[herpes simplex]] and [[cytomegalovirus]]). These infections are typically seen in [[immunocompromised]] people, such as those with [[HIV]].
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| * [[Food allergy|Food allergies]] have also been known to cause [[esophagitis]]
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| * Chemical injury by [[alkaline]] or [[acid]] solutions may also cause [[esophagitis]], and is usually seen in children or in adults who attempt [[suicide]].
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| * Physical injury resulting from [[radiation therapy]] or by [[nasogastric tube]]s may also be responsible.
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| ===Pathological Findings=== | |
| [http://www.peir.net Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology]
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| ====Gross Images==== | | ==[[Esophagitis classification|Classification]]== |
| <gallery>
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| Image:Candida esophagitis 1.jpg|Esophagus: Candida: Gross natural color close up of distal esophagus mucosa, an excellent example of candida esophagitis
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| Image:Candida esophagitis 2.jpg|Esophagitis Candida: Gross natural color close-up, an excellent example
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Candida esophagitis 3.jpg|Esophagitis Candida: Gross natural color excellent close-up photo case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia
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| Image:Necrotizing esophagitis 1.jpg|Necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt
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| </gallery>
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| ====Microscopic Images==== | | ==[[Esophagitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
| <gallery>
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| Image:Herpes esophagitis micro 100.jpg|Herpes esophagitis 100 x
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| Image:Herpes esophagitis micro 400.jpg|Herpes esophagitis 400 x
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| Image:Herpes esophagitis micro 600.jpg|Herpes esophagitis 600 x
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Reflux esophagitis micro 1.jpg|Reflux esophagitis 100 x
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| Image:Reflux esophagitis micro 2.jpg|Reflux esophagitis 400 x
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| Image:Necrotizing esophagitis micro 1.jpg|Necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt
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| </gallery>
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| ====Histopathological Findings: Herpes esophagitis==== | | ==[[Esophagitis causes|Causes]]== |
| {{#ev:youtube|bJME-CJvHfs}}
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| ==Causes== | | ==[[Esophagitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Esophagitis from Other Diseases]]== |
| === Common Causes ===
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| *[[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
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| ===Casues in Alphabetical Order=== | | ==[[Esophagitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== |
| * [[Bacterial infection]]
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| * [[Candida]]
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| * [[Caustic burn]]
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| * [[Crohn's Disease]]
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| * [[Cytomegalovirus]] ([[CMV]])
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| * [[Drugs]], [[toxins]]
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| * [[Fungal infection]]
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| * [[Gastric]] tube
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| * [[Gastroesophageal reflux]]
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| * [[GERD]]
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| * [[Gastroscopy]]
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| * [[Hernias]]
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| * [[Herpes]]
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| * [[Metastasis]]
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| * [[Radiation]]
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| * [[Reflux esophagitis]]
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| * [[Surgery]]
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| * [[Tumor]]
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| * [[Ddx:Nausea and Vomiting|Vomiting]]
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| * Other causes of [[esophagitis]] include infections (most commonly [[Candida (genus)|candida]], [[herpes simplex]] and [[cytomegalovirus]]). These infections are typically seen in [[immunocompromised]] people, such as those with [[HIV]].
| | ==[[Esophagitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
| * [[Food allergy|Food allergies]] have also been known to cause [[esophagitis]]
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| * Chemical injury by [[alkaline]] or [[acid]] solutions may also cause [[esophagitis]], and is usually seen in children or in adults who attempt [[suicide]].
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| * Physical injury resulting from [[radiation therapy]] or by [[nasogastric tube]]s may also be responsible.
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==[[Esophagitis screening|Screening]]== |
| === Symptoms ===
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| The symptoms of esophagitis include:
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| *[[Bad breath]] ([[halitosis]])
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| *[[Chest pain]], in the middle of the chest, often radiating to the back, usually associated with swallowing or soon after a meal
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| *[[Difficulty swallowing]] and/or [[painful swallowing]], especially if there is a feeling of food getting stuck on the way down
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| *[[Hoarseness]]
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| *[[Mouth sores]]
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| *[[Nausea]]
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| *[[Sore throat]]
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| *[[Vomiting]]
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| Symptoms of underlying diseases that cause esophagitis include:
| | ==[[Esophagitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]== |
| *[[Indigestion]]
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| *[[Heartburn]], [[acid reflux]], or [[unpleasant taste in the mouth]]
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| *[[Excessive belching]]
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| ==Diagnostic Findings== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| ===X-ray Findings===
| | [[Esophagitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Esophagitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Esophagitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Esophagitis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Esophagitis CT|CT]] | [[Esophagitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Esophagitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Esophagitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
| (Images shown below are courtesy of RadsWiki)
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Esophagitis-002.jpg
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| Image:Esophagitis-003.jpg
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Esophagitis-004.jpg
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| Image:Esophagitis-005.jpg
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| </gallery>
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| ===Endoscopic Findings===
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| [http://www.peir.net Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology]
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Candida esophagitis endoscopy 1.jpg|Candida esophagitis
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| Image:NSAID esophagitis 1.jpg|NSAID esophagitis
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| Image:Peptic esophagitis 1.jpg|Peptic esophagitis
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
| | ==Treatment== |
| Image:Herpetic esophagitis 1.jpg|Herpetic esophagitis
| | [[Esophagitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Esophagitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Esophagitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Esophagitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Esophagitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Esophagitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
| Image:Caustic lye esophagitis 1.jpg|Caustic lye esophagitis
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| </gallery>
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| ==References== | | ==Case Studies== |
| {{Reflist|2}}
| | [[Esophagitis case study one|Case #1]] |
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| {{Gastroenterology}} | | {{Gastroenterology}} |
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| [[de:Ösophagitis]]
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| [[it:Esofagite]]
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| [[pt:Esofagite]] | | [[pt:Esofagite]] |
| [[ru:Эзофагит]] | | [[ru:Эзофагит]] |
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
| [[Category:Inflammations]]
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| [[Category:Histopathology]]
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| [[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
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| [[Category:Disease]] | | [[Category:Disease]] |