Acute viral nasopharyngitis primary prevention: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 20:17, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Overview

Effective measures for the primary prevention of acute viral nasopharyngitis include avoiding close contact with patients and washing hands regularly.

Primary Prevention

The most effective measures for preventing the common cold include:

Avoiding close contact with people who have a cold.
Hand hygiene and avoid touching mouth and face.
In 2002, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended alcohol-based hand gels as an effective method for reducing infectious viruses on the hands of health care workers.^[1] As with hand washing with soap and water, alcohol gels provide no residual protection from re-infection.
Antibacterial soaps have no effect on the cold virus; it is the mechanical action of hand washing that removes the viral particles.^[2]

Immunization

Common cold is caused by a large variety of viruses which mutate frequently during reproduction resulting in constant variation in viral strains. Thus, successful immunization is highly improbable.

References

↑ Boyce JM, Pittet D, Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force (2002). "Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Diseases Society of America". MMWR Recomm Rep. 51 (RR-16): 1–45, quiz CE1-4. PMID 12418624.
↑ "The importance of handwashing for your health". Canadian Health Network.

[pmid12418624-1] Boyce JM, Pittet D, Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force (2002). "Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Diseases Society of America". MMWR Recomm Rep. 51 (RR-16): 1–45, quiz CE1-4. PMID 12418624.

[2] "The importance of handwashing for your health". Canadian Health Network.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Acute viral nasopharyngitis(common cold)}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{AY}}
+==Overview==
+Effective measures for the primary prevention of acute viral nasopharyngitis include avoiding close contact with patients and washing hands regularly.
 ==Primary Prevention==
-The best way to avoid a cold is to avoid close contact with existing sufferers; to wash hands thoroughly and regularly; and to avoid touching the mouth and face. Anti-bacterial soaps have no effect on the cold virus; it is the mechanical action of hand washing that removes the virus particles.<ref>{{cite web
+The most effective measures for preventing the common cold include:
+* Avoiding close contact with people who have a cold.
+* Hand hygiene and avoid touching mouth and face.
+* In 2002, the [[Centers for Disease Control|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] recommended alcohol-based hand gels as an effective method for reducing infectious [[viruses]] on the hands of health care workers.<ref name="pmid12418624">{{cite journal| author=Boyce JM, Pittet D, Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force| title=Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Diseases Society of America. | journal=MMWR Recomm Rep | year= 2002 | volume= 51 | issue= RR-16 | pages= 1-45, quiz CE1-4 | pmid=12418624 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12418624  }} </ref> As with [[hand washing]] with soap and water, alcohol gels provide no residual protection from re-infection.
+* Antibacterial soaps have no effect on the cold virus; it is the mechanical action of hand washing that removes the viral particles.<ref>{{cite web
 | publisher = Canadian Health Network
 | url = http://www.canadian-health-network.ca/servlet/ContentServer?cid=1138724359598&pagename=CHN-RCS/CHNResource/CHNResourcePageTemplate&c=CHNResource | title = The importance of handwashing for your health
 }}</ref>
-In 2002, the [[Centers for Disease Control|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] recommended alcohol-based hand gels as an effective method for reducing infectious viruses on the hands of health care workers.<ref>{{cite journal
+=== Immunization ===
- | last = Boyce
+Common cold is caused by a large variety of [[viruses]] which mutate frequently during reproduction resulting in constant variation in viral strains. Thus, successful [[immunization]] is highly improbable.
- | first = John M.
- | coauthors = Didier Pittet
- | title = Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings: Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force
- | journal = [[Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report]]
- | date = 2002-10-25
- | volume = 51
- | issue = RR-16
- | url = http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5116.pdf
- | format = pdf
- | pmid = 12418624
-}}</ref>
-As with hand washing with soap and water, alcohol gels provide no residual protection from re-infection.
-The common cold is caused by a large variety of viruses, which mutate quite frequently during reproduction, resulting in constantly changing virus strains. Thus, successful [[immunization]] is highly improbable.
-==Exposure to Cold Weather==
-Although common colds are seasonal, with more occurring during winter, there is no evidence that short-term exposure to cold weather or direct chilling increases susceptibility to infection.<ref name="pmid12357708">{{cite journal | author = Eccles R | title = Acute cooling of the body surface and the common cold | journal = Rhinology | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 109-14 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12357708}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Douglas, R.G.Jr, K.M. Lindgren, and R.B. Couch | title = Exposure to cold environment and rhinovirus common cold. Failure to demonstrate effect | journal = New Engl. J. Med | volume = 279 | year = 1968}}</ref>
-With respect to the causation of cold-like ''symptoms'', researchers at the Common Cold Centre at the Cardiff University conducted a study to "test the hypothesis that acute cooling of the feet causes the onset of common cold symptoms."<ref name="pmid16286463">{{cite journal | author = Johnson C, Eccles R | title = Acute cooling of the feet and the onset of common cold symptoms | journal = Family Practice | volume = 22 | issue = 6 | pages = 608-13 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16286463 | doi = 10.1093/fampra/cmi072 | url = http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/22/6/608}}</ref> The study measured the subjects' self-reported cold symptoms, and belief they had a cold, but not whether an actual respiratory infection developed. It concludes that the onset of common cold ''symptoms'' can be caused by acute chilling of the feet, but that "further studies are needed to determine the relationship of symptom generation to any respiratory infection."
 ==References==
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+[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
+[[Category:Pediatrics]]
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+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
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