Pituitary adenoma physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Pituitary adenoma}}
{{Pituitary adenoma}}
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{AAM}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The presence of [[altered mental status]], [[hyperthermia]], [[tachycardia]], [[tachypnea]] and [[visual field defect]] ([[bitemporal hemianopsia]]) on [[physical examination]] is suggestive of pituitary adenoma.
==Physical Examination==
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Based on the size of the adenoma and type of the hormone that is being secreted patient may appear [[lethargic]], [[Nausea and vomiting|nauseated]], [[Drowsiness|drowsy]],  [[obese]], thin, or [[diaphoretic]]. However, patient may also appears well.


==Physical Examination==
===Vitals===
====Temperature====
*[[Hyperthermia]] may be present
 
====Pulse====
=====''Rate''=====
*[[Tachycardia]] may be present
 
=====''Rhythm''=====
*The pulse is regular
=====''Strength''=====
*The pulse may be bounding
====Blood Pressure====
*[[Hypertension]] may be present
====Respiratory Rate====
*[[Tachypnea]] may be present
===Neurologic===
*[[Altered mental status|Mental status may be altered]]
*[[Hyperactive reflexes]] may be present
* Deficits in [[Olfactory nerve|cranial nerves I]], [[Optic nerve|II]], [[Oculomotor nerve|III]], and [[Abducens nerve|VI]] may be present


The diagnosis is generally entertained either on the basis of visual difficulties arising from the compression of the [[optic nerve]] by the tumor, or on the basis of manifestations of excess hormone secretion: the specifics depend on the type of hormone. The specific area of the visual pathway at which compression by these tumours occurs is at the [[optic chiasma]].
===Eyes===
*[[Visual field defect]] ([[bitemporal hemianopsia]]) maybe be present


The anatomy of this structure causes pressure on it to produce a defect in the temporal visual field on both sides, a condition called [[bitemporal hemianopsia|bitemporal hemianopia]].
===Chest===


*[[Breasts]] may be enlarged
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[cs:Adenom hypofýzy]]
[[nl:Hypofysetumor]]
[[sk:Adenóm hypofýzy]]
[[sv:Hypofystumör]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]

Latest revision as of 19:45, 2 October 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]

Overview

The presence of altered mental status, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea and visual field defect (bitemporal hemianopsia) on physical examination is suggestive of pituitary adenoma.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

Vitals

Temperature

Pulse

Rate
Rhythm
  • The pulse is regular
Strength
  • The pulse may be bounding

Blood Pressure

Respiratory Rate

Neurologic

Eyes

Chest

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources