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{{Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo}} | {{Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo}} | ||
{{CMG}}; | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Fs}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
BPPV was first dicribed by Adler and Barany, who described it as a problem in the [[otolith]] [[organs]]. In 1952, Margaret Dix and Charles Hallpike named it [[positional nystagmus]] of the [[benign]] positional type. They noted [[nystagmus]] and [[vertigo]] with different [[head]] movements. Hallpike also defined it as a peripheral problem rather than [[CNS|central]] ([[brain]]) problem. In 1962 Harold Schuknecht described theory of detached utricular [[otoconia]] (cupulolithiasis). Hall et al and Epley described the theory of free floating particle (canalithiasis). The first treatment strategy suggested for BPPV treatment was cawthorne's exercise (repeatitive [[head]] movement which cause [[vertigo]] in order to reach [[CNS|central]] adaption). The newest treatment strategy is to perform [[Dix-Hallpike test|Dix Hallpike test]] to diagnos and induce the vertigo and then performing CRP (Epley) maneuver. | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
*BPPV was first dicribed by Adler and Barany, who described it as a problem in the otolith organs. | *[[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo|BPPV]] was first dicribed by Adler and Barany, who described it as a problem in the [[otolith]] [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]].<ref name="pmid13008328">{{cite journal |vauthors=DIX MR, HALLPIKE CS |title=The pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis of certain common disorders of the vestibular system |journal=Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. |volume=61 |issue=4 |pages=987–1016 |date=December 1952 |pmid=13008328 |doi=10.1177/000348945206100403 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid13909445">{{cite journal |vauthors=SCHUKNECHT HF |title=Positional vertigo: clinical and experimental observations |journal=Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol |volume=66 |issue= |pages=319–32 |date=1962 |pmid=13909445 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid430582">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hall SF, Ruby RR, McClure JA |title=The mechanics of benign paroxysmal vertigo |journal=J Otolaryngol |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=151–8 |date=April 1979 |pmid=430582 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref>Flourens, P., 1824. Recherches sur les conditions fondamentales de l’audition. ''Memoires de la Société (Royale) des Sciences''.</ref> | ||
*In 1952, Margaret Dix and Charles Hallpike named it positional nystagmus of the benign positional type. | *In 1952, Margaret Dix and Charles Hallpike named it [[positional nystagmus]] of the [[benign]] positional type. | ||
*They noted nystagmus and vertigo with different head movements. | *They noted [[nystagmus]] and [[vertigo]] with different [[head]] movements. | ||
*Hallpike also defined it as a peripheral problem rather than central (brain) problem. | *Hallpike also defined it as a peripheral problem rather than [[CNS Disease|central]] ([[brain]]) problem. | ||
*In 1824 Marie-Jean Flourens concluded that semicircular canals are not a hearing organ but a balance-related organ. | *In 1824 Marie-Jean Flourens concluded that [[semicircular canals]] are not a [[hearing]] [[organ]] but a [[Balance disorder|balance]]-related organ. | ||
*In 1962 Harold Schuknecht described theory of detached utricular otoconia (cupulolithiasis) | *In 1962 Harold Schuknecht described theory of detached utricular [[otoconia]] (cupulolithiasis). | ||
*Hall et al and Epley described the theory of free floating particle (canalithiasis) | *Hall et al and Epley described the theory of free floating particle (canalithiasis). | ||
===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ||
* The first treatment strategy suggested for BPPV treatment was cawthorne's exercise (repeatitive head movement which cause vertigo in order to reach central adaption).<ref name="pmid7396795">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brandt T, Daroff RB |title=Physical therapy for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo |journal=Arch Otolaryngol |volume=106 |issue=8 |pages=484–5 |date=August 1980 |pmid=7396795 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3213745">{{cite journal |vauthors=Semont A, Freyss G, Vitte E |title=Curing the BPPV with a liberatory maneuver |journal=Adv. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=42 |issue= |pages=290–3 |date=1988 |pmid=3213745 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="ViirrePurcell2005">{{cite journal|last1=Viirre|first1=Erik|last2=Purcell|first2=Ian|last3=Baloh|first3=Robert W.|title=The Dix-Hallpike Test and The Canalith Repositioning Maneuver|journal=The Laryngoscope|volume=115|issue=1|year=2005|pages=184–187|issn=0023852X|doi=10.1097/01.mlg.0000150707.66569.d4}}</ref> | * The first treatment strategy suggested for [[BPPV]] treatment was cawthorne's [[exercise]] (repeatitive [[Head-related transfer function|head]] movement which cause [[vertigo]] in order to reach [[CNS|central]] adaption).<ref name="pmid7396795">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brandt T, Daroff RB |title=Physical therapy for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo |journal=Arch Otolaryngol |volume=106 |issue=8 |pages=484–5 |date=August 1980 |pmid=7396795 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3213745">{{cite journal |vauthors=Semont A, Freyss G, Vitte E |title=Curing the BPPV with a liberatory maneuver |journal=Adv. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=42 |issue= |pages=290–3 |date=1988 |pmid=3213745 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="ViirrePurcell2005">{{cite journal|last1=Viirre|first1=Erik|last2=Purcell|first2=Ian|last3=Baloh|first3=Robert W.|title=The Dix-Hallpike Test and The Canalith Repositioning Maneuver|journal=The Laryngoscope|volume=115|issue=1|year=2005|pages=184–187|issn=0023852X|doi=10.1097/01.mlg.0000150707.66569.d4}}</ref><ref name="Ruckenstein2001">{{cite journal|last1=Ruckenstein|first1=Michael J.|title=Therapeutic Efficacy of the Epley Canalith Repositioning Maneuver|journal=The Laryngoscope|volume=111|issue=6|year=2001|pages=940–945|issn=0023-852X|doi=10.1097/00005537-200106000-00003}}</ref> | ||
* Brandt and Daroff suggested a maneuver consisting of laying down on each side for 30 seconds. | * Brandt and Daroff suggested a maneuver consisting of laying down on each side for 30 seconds. | ||
* Semont and Sterkes described liberatory maneuver (semont maneuver). In this maneuver patient lays down to the provocative side looking downward. When nystagmus stops the | * Semont and Sterkes described liberatory maneuver (semont maneuver). In this maneuver patient lays down to the provocative side looking downward. When [[nystagmus]] stops the doctor should rapidly moved the [[patient]] [[head]] 90 degree on the other side. | ||
* The newest treatment strategy is to perform [[Dix-Hallpike test|Dix Hallpike test]] to | * The newest treatment strategy is to perform [[Dix-Hallpike test|Dix Hallpike test]] to [[diagnose]] and induce the [[vertigo]] and then performing CRP (Epley) maneuver. | ||
For more information about Dix Hallpike maneuvers, [[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnostic study of choice|click here]]. | For more information about [[Dix-Hallpike test|Dix Hallpike maneuvers]], [[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnostic study of choice|click here]]. | ||
For more information about Epley maneuvers, [[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo medical therapy|click here]]. | For more information about Epley maneuvers, [[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo medical therapy|click here]]. | ||
===Famous Cases=== | ===Famous Cases=== | ||
The following are a few famous cases of BPPV: | The following are a few famous cases of [[BPPV]]: | ||
* Arthur Black, writer and former CBC radio host | * Arthur Black, writer and former CBC radio host | ||
* Lebron James, NBA | * Lebron James, NBA | ||
Latest revision as of 19:30, 25 February 2019
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Microchapters |
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Differentiating Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.
Overview
BPPV was first dicribed by Adler and Barany, who described it as a problem in the otolith organs. In 1952, Margaret Dix and Charles Hallpike named it positional nystagmus of the benign positional type. They noted nystagmus and vertigo with different head movements. Hallpike also defined it as a peripheral problem rather than central (brain) problem. In 1962 Harold Schuknecht described theory of detached utricular otoconia (cupulolithiasis). Hall et al and Epley described the theory of free floating particle (canalithiasis). The first treatment strategy suggested for BPPV treatment was cawthorne's exercise (repeatitive head movement which cause vertigo in order to reach central adaption). The newest treatment strategy is to perform Dix Hallpike test to diagnos and induce the vertigo and then performing CRP (Epley) maneuver.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- BPPV was first dicribed by Adler and Barany, who described it as a problem in the otolith organs.[1][2][3][4]
- In 1952, Margaret Dix and Charles Hallpike named it positional nystagmus of the benign positional type.
- They noted nystagmus and vertigo with different head movements.
- Hallpike also defined it as a peripheral problem rather than central (brain) problem.
- In 1824 Marie-Jean Flourens concluded that semicircular canals are not a hearing organ but a balance-related organ.
- In 1962 Harold Schuknecht described theory of detached utricular otoconia (cupulolithiasis).
- Hall et al and Epley described the theory of free floating particle (canalithiasis).
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- The first treatment strategy suggested for BPPV treatment was cawthorne's exercise (repeatitive head movement which cause vertigo in order to reach central adaption).[5][6][7][8]
- Brandt and Daroff suggested a maneuver consisting of laying down on each side for 30 seconds.
- Semont and Sterkes described liberatory maneuver (semont maneuver). In this maneuver patient lays down to the provocative side looking downward. When nystagmus stops the doctor should rapidly moved the patient head 90 degree on the other side.
- The newest treatment strategy is to perform Dix Hallpike test to diagnose and induce the vertigo and then performing CRP (Epley) maneuver.
For more information about Dix Hallpike maneuvers, click here.
For more information about Epley maneuvers, click here.
Famous Cases
The following are a few famous cases of BPPV:
- Arthur Black, writer and former CBC radio host
- Lebron James, NBA
- Crown Princess Mette-Marit of Norway
References
- ↑ DIX MR, HALLPIKE CS (December 1952). "The pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis of certain common disorders of the vestibular system". Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 61 (4): 987–1016. doi:10.1177/000348945206100403. PMID 13008328.
- ↑ SCHUKNECHT HF (1962). "Positional vertigo: clinical and experimental observations". Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 66: 319–32. PMID 13909445.
- ↑ Hall SF, Ruby RR, McClure JA (April 1979). "The mechanics of benign paroxysmal vertigo". J Otolaryngol. 8 (2): 151–8. PMID 430582.
- ↑ Flourens, P., 1824. Recherches sur les conditions fondamentales de l’audition. Memoires de la Société (Royale) des Sciences.
- ↑ Brandt T, Daroff RB (August 1980). "Physical therapy for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo". Arch Otolaryngol. 106 (8): 484–5. PMID 7396795.
- ↑ Semont A, Freyss G, Vitte E (1988). "Curing the BPPV with a liberatory maneuver". Adv. Otorhinolaryngol. 42: 290–3. PMID 3213745.
- ↑ Viirre, Erik; Purcell, Ian; Baloh, Robert W. (2005). "The Dix-Hallpike Test and The Canalith Repositioning Maneuver". The Laryngoscope. 115 (1): 184–187. doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000150707.66569.d4. ISSN 0023-852X.
- ↑ Ruckenstein, Michael J. (2001). "Therapeutic Efficacy of the Epley Canalith Repositioning Maneuver". The Laryngoscope. 111 (6): 940–945. doi:10.1097/00005537-200106000-00003. ISSN 0023-852X.