Chronic cholecystitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 19:10, 20 February 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S [2], Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

The patients with chronic cholecystitis may have the history of recurrent episodes of biliary colic or acute cholecystitis. A positive history of biliary colic, nausea and vomiting are suggestive of chronic cholecystitis. The most common symptoms of chronic cholecystitis are right upper quadrant abdominal or epigastric pain, pain is usually prolonged and there is a positive history of pain after ingestion of heavy fatty meals. The pain is severe and steady and may radiate to the back or right shoulder.

History and Symptoms

The patients with chronic cholecystitis may present with the following history and symptoms.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

History

Patients with chronic cholecystitis may have the positive family history of:

Previous episodes of right upper quadrant or epigastric pain
Opioids and estrogen use
Diabetes
Hypertension
Infections such as:
Rapid weight loss
Hospitalization

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

The common symptoms of acute cholecystitis include:

Episodes of upper abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
Belching
Diarrhea
Nausea or vomiting

Less Common Symptoms

The less common symptoms of acute cholecystitis include:

References

↑ Jones MW, Ferguson T. PMID 29262051. Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ [+https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470236/#article-19521.s1 "Gallbladder, Cholecystitis, Chronic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf"] Check |url= value (help).
↑ Knab LM, Boller AM, Mahvi DM (2014). "Cholecystitis". Surg. Clin. North Am. 94 (2): 455–70. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2014.01.005. PMID 24679431.
↑ "Cross-Sectional Imaging of Acute and Chronic Gallbladder Inflammatory Disease : American Journal of Roentgenology : Vol. 192, No. 1 (AJR)".

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid29262051-1] Jones MW, Ferguson T. PMID 29262051. Missing or empty |title= (help)

[urlGallbladder,_Cholecystitis,_Chronic_-_StatPearls_-_NCBI_Bookshelf-2] [+https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470236/#article-19521.s1 "Gallbladder, Cholecystitis, Chronic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf"] Check |url= value (help).

[pmid24679431-3] Knab LM, Boller AM, Mahvi DM (2014). "Cholecystitis". Surg. Clin. North Am. 94 (2): 455–70. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2014.01.005. PMID 24679431.

[urlCross-Sectional_Imaging_of_Acute_and_Chronic_Gallbladder_Inflammatory_Disease_:_American_Journal_of_Roentgenology_:_Vol._192,_No._1_(AJR)-4] "Cross-Sectional Imaging of Acute and Chronic Gallbladder Inflammatory Disease : American Journal of Roentgenology : Vol. 192, No. 1 (AJR)".

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[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MMF}}, {{ADI}}
 {{Cholecystitis}}
 ==Overview==
-Cholecystitis usually presents as a pain in the right upper quadrant. This is usually a constant, severe pain. The pain may be felt to 'refer' to the right flank or right [[scapula]]r region at first. This is usually accompanied by a low grade fever, vomiting and nausea. More severe symptoms such as high fever, [[shock]] and [[jaundice]] indicate the development of complications such as abscess formation, perforation or [[ascending cholangitis]]. Another complication, [[Ileus|gallstone ileus]], occurs if the gallbladder perforates and forms a [[fistula]] with the nearby small bowel, leading to symptoms of [[intestinal obstruction]].
+The patients with chronic cholecystitis may have the history of recurrent episodes of [[biliary colic]] or acute cholecystitis. A positive history of [[biliary colic]], nausea and vomiting are suggestive of chronic cholecystitis. The most common symptoms of chronic cholecystitis are [[Right upper quadrant abdominal pain resident survival guide|right upper quadrant abdominal]] or [[epigastric pain]], pain is usually prolonged and there is a positive history of pain after ingestion of heavy fatty meals. The pain is severe and steady and may radiate to the back or right shoulder.
-Chronic cholecystitis manifests with non-specific symptoms such as [[nausea]], vague [[abdominal pain]], [[belching]], and [[diarrhea]].
+==History and Symptoms==
+The patients with chronic cholecystitis may present with the following history and symptoms.<ref name="pmid29262051">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones MW, Ferguson T |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=29262051 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlGallbladder, Cholecystitis, Chronic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf">{{cite web |url=+https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470236/#article-19521.s1 |title=Gallbladder, Cholecystitis, Chronic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24679431">{{cite journal |vauthors=Knab LM, Boller AM, Mahvi DM |title=Cholecystitis |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=94 |issue=2 |pages=455–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24679431 |doi=10.1016/j.suc.2014.01.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlCross-Sectional Imaging of Acute and Chronic Gallbladder Inflammatory Disease : American Journal of Roentgenology : Vol. 192, No. 1 (AJR)">{{cite web |url=https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.07.3803 |title=Cross-Sectional Imaging of Acute and Chronic Gallbladder Inflammatory Disease : American Journal of Roentgenology : Vol. 192, No. 1 (AJR) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
-==History==
+===History===
-* A directed history should be taken to ascertain the onset, duration and progression of disease.
+Patients with chronic cholecystitis may have the positive family history of:
-* A clear history about the previous episodes is important in chronic cholecystitis and in gall stone disease.
+* Previous episodes of right upper quadrant or epigastric pain
-* History co morbid conditions like diabetes, hypertension.
+* [[Opioids]] and [[estrogen]] use
-* Drug history has to be obtained. ( opiods, estrogen pills)
+* [[Diabetes]]
-* History of any infections like salmonella, candida, cholera , tuberculosis has to be obtained.
+* [[Hypertension]]
-* History suggestive of any immunocompromised state is important to rule out AIDS.
+* Infections such as:
-* History of any recent rapid weight loss, hospitalization is important.
+**[[Salmonella]]
+**[[Candida]]
+**[[Cholera]]
+**[[Tuberculosis]]
+* Rapid weight loss
+*Hospitalization
 ==Symptoms==
-===Acute Cholecystitis===
+===Common Symptoms===
-The main symptom is [[abdominal pain]] that is located on the upper right side or upper middle of the [[abdomen]]. The pain may:
+The common symptoms of acute cholecystitis include:
-* Be sharp, cramping, or dull
+* Episodes of upper [[abdominal pain]]
-* Come and go
+* Nausea and vomiting
-* Spread to the back or below the right shoulder blade
+* [[Belching]]
-* Be worse after eating fatty or greasy foods
+* [[Diarrhea]]
-* Occur within minutes of a meal
+* [[Nausea]] or [[vomiting]]
-Other symptoms that may occur include:
-* Abdominal fullness
-* Clay-colored stools
-* Excess gas
-* [[Fever]]
-* [[Heartburn]]
-* [[Indigestion]]
-* [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
-* Yellowing of skin and whites of the eyes ([[jaundice]])
-===Chronic Cholecystitis===
+===Less Common Symptoms===
-* Attacks of upper [[abdominal pain]]
+The less common symptoms of acute cholecystitis include:
-* [[Nausea]]or [[vomiting]]
+*[[Jaundice]]
-* Belching
+*[[Malaise]]
-* [[Diarrhea]]
 ==References==
-{{Reflist|2}}
+{{reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
 [[Category:Hepatology]]
-[[Category:Inflammations]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]
-[[Category:General surgery]]
 [[Category:Emergency medicine]]
-[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
-[[Category:Disease]]
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}