Rectal prolapse natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

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{{Rectal prolapse}}
 
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==Overview==
==Overview==
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
* Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed [[rectum]] is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments may be associated.
 
* Common complications of rectal prolapse include [[fecal incontinence]], [[constipation]] and rectal incarceration or even strangulation.
OR
* All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.
 
Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].


OR
==Natural History==
Allowing rectal prolapse to continue untreated beyond 4 years may lead to higher rates of subsequent rectal prolapse recurrence, secondary to a weakened [[pelvic floor]]. <ref name="pmid28991074">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR |title=Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse |journal=Dis. Colon Rectum |volume=60 |issue=11 |pages=1121–1131 |year=2017 |pmid=28991074 |doi=10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889 |url=}}</ref>
In addition, Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed rectum is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments ([[bladder stones]] or [[urethral stricture]]) may be associated.<ref name="pmid21431090">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shin EJ |title=Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse |journal=J Korean Soc Coloproctol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=5–12 |year=2011 |pmid=21431090 |pmc=3053504 |doi=10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5 |url=}}</ref>


Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
==Complications==
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==
Common complications of rectal prolapse include:<ref name="pmid28991074">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR |title=Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse |journal=Dis. Colon Rectum |volume=60 |issue=11 |pages=1121–1131 |year=2017 |pmid=28991074 |doi=10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24352613">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE |title=Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies |journal=J. Gastrointest. Surg. |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=1059–69 |year=2014 |pmid=24352613 |doi=10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22379404">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ |title=Rectal prolapse |journal=Clin Colon Rectal Surg |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=39–45 |year=2011 |pmid=22379404 |pmc=3140332 |doi=10.1055/s-0031-1272822 |url=}}</ref>
 
*[[Fecal incontinence]] (50-75%)
===Natural History===
*[[Constipation]] (25-50%)
*The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
*Rectal incarceration or even strangulation
*The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
==Prognosis==
*If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.<ref name="pmid16135597">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weber AM, Richter HE |title=Pelvic organ prolapse |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=106 |issue=3 |pages=615–34 |year=2005 |pmid=16135597 |doi=10.1097/01.AOG.0000175832.13266.bb |url=}}</ref>
 
===Complications===
*Common complications of rectal prolapse include:<ref name="pmid28991074">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR |title=Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse |journal=Dis. Colon Rectum |volume=60 |issue=11 |pages=1121–1131 |year=2017 |pmid=28991074 |doi=10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24352613">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE |title=Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies |journal=J. Gastrointest. Surg. |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=1059–69 |year=2014 |pmid=24352613 |doi=10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7 |url=}}</ref>
**Fecal incontinence (50-75%)
**Constipation (25-50%)
**Rectal incarceration or even strangulation
 
===Prognosis===
*Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
*Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
*The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
*[Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
*The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 17:33, 16 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]

Overview

  • Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed rectum is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments may be associated.
  • Common complications of rectal prolapse include fecal incontinence, constipation and rectal incarceration or even strangulation.
  • All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.

Natural History

Allowing rectal prolapse to continue untreated beyond 4 years may lead to higher rates of subsequent rectal prolapse recurrence, secondary to a weakened pelvic floor. [1] In addition, Hemorrhage occurs frequently if the prolapsed rectum is left unreduced. If rectal prolapse is persistent for a long time, urological impairments (bladder stones or urethral stricture) may be associated.[2]

Complications

Common complications of rectal prolapse include:[1][3][4]

Prognosis

All women with prolapse can be treated and their symptoms improved, even if not completely resolved.[5]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR (2017). "Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse". Dis. Colon Rectum. 60 (11): 1121–1131. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889. PMID 28991074.
  2. ↑ Shin EJ (2011). "Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse". J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 27 (1): 5–12. doi:10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5. PMC 3053504. PMID 21431090.
  3. ↑ Bordeianou L, Hicks CW, Kaiser AM, Alavi K, Sudan R, Wise PE (2014). "Rectal prolapse: an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and patient-specific management strategies". J. Gastrointest. Surg. 18 (5): 1059–69. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2427-7. PMID 24352613.
  4. ↑ Goldstein SD, Maxwell PJ (2011). "Rectal prolapse". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 24 (1): 39–45. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272822. PMC 3140332. PMID 22379404.
  5. ↑ Weber AM, Richter HE (2005). "Pelvic organ prolapse". Obstet Gynecol. 106 (3): 615–34. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000175832.13266.bb. PMID 16135597.

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