|indication=[[hepatic encephalopathy]], preoperative preparation of bowel for procedure, prophylaxis for infection of skin,in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns
'''Neomycin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] that is found in many topical medications such as creams, ointments and eyedrops.
|fdaLIADAdult======Hepatic encephalopathy=====
==Uses==
* Dosing Information
Neomycin is overwhelmingly used as a [[topical]] preparation. It can also be given orally, where it is usually combined with other antibiotics. Neomycin is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and has been used as a preventative measure for [[hepatic encephalopathy]] and [[hypercholesterolemia]]. By killing bacteria in the intestinal tract, it keeps ammonia levels low and prevents hepatic encephalopathy, especially prior to GI surgery. It has also been used to treat [[small intestinal bacterial overgrowth]]. It is not given intravenously, as neomycin is extremely [[nephrotoxic]] (causes [[kidney]] damage), especially compared to other [[aminoglycoside]]s. The exception to this, is when it is included in some vaccines as a preservative, but in very small quantities -typically 0.025 mg per dose[http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/516045_6].
==Spectrum==
:* 4 to 12 g/day ORALLY in divided doses for 5 to 6 days, maximum 12 g/day; do not use longer than 2 wks.
Similar to other aminoglycosides, neomycin has excellent activity against [[Gram negative]] bacteria, and has partial activity against [[Gram positive]] bacteria. It is relatively toxic to humans, and some people have allergic reactions to it.<ref>{{DermNet|dermatitis/neomycin-allergy}}</ref> See: [[Hypersensitivity]].
Neomycin is used in the [[medical laboratory|laboratory]] on [[agar]] plates to grow mutant forms of bacteria that carry genes for resistance to neomycin. The resistant [[genes]] to neomycin are found within the [[plasmid]] of the bacteria; which may or may not be incorporated into the bacteria's circular [[chromosome]].
=====Infection of skin, In minor cuts, scrapes, and burns; Prophylaxis=====
==History==
* Dosing Information
Neomycin was discovered in 1949 by the microbiologist [[Selman Waksman]] and his student Hubert Lechevalier. It is produced naturally by the bacterium ''Streptomyces fradiae''.
==References==
:* Apply small amount TOPICALLY to affected area not more than 2 to 3 times daily; may be covered with a sterile bandage.
<references/>
{{Stomatological preparations}}
=====Preparation of bowel for procedure, Preoperative; Adjunct=====
{{Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use}}
{{AminoglycosideAntiBiotics}}
{{Throat preparations}}
{{Otologicals}}
[[Category:Aminoglycoside antibiotics]]
<br>
[[fr:Néomycine]]
* Dosing Information
[[pl:Neomycyna]]
[[tr:Neomisin]]
{{WH}}
:* 1 g ORALLY 19, 18, and 9 hrs prior to surgery in combination with recommended bowel preparation regimen which includes erythromycin.
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
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|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=* There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients.
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<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)-->
|fdaLIADPed======Infection of skin, In minor cuts, scrapes, and burns; Prophylaxis=====
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|contraindications=<!--Warnings-->
|warnings=*Warnings: For external use only. Do not use: if you are allergic to any of the ingredients, in the eyes, over large areas of the body. Ask a doctor before use if you have: large puncture wounds, animal bites, serious burns.
*Stop use and ask a doctor if: you need to use longer than one week, condition persists or gets worse, symptoms persist for more than one week or clear up and occur again within a few days, rash or other allergic reaction develops.
* Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
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|drugInteractions=<!--Use in Specific Populations-->
|useInPregnancyAUS=* '''Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category'''
* There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of {{PAGENAME}} in women who are pregnant.
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery.
|useInNursing=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to nursing mothers.
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|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment.
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment.
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males.
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised.
<!--Administration and Monitoring-->
|administration=* Adults and children over 2 years of age or older: Clean the affected area. Apply contents of packet to surface of affected area 2 times daily. Gently rub in. Children under 2 years of age: Ask a doctor.
|IVCompat=There is limited information regarding <i>IV Compatibility</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
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Overview
Neomycin (topical) is an anti- bacterial agent, anti- infective agent that is FDA approved for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, preoperative preparation of bowel for procedure, prophylaxis for infection of skin,in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.
Adult Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
Hepatic encephalopathy
Dosing Information
4 to 12 g/day ORALLY in divided doses for 5 to 6 days, maximum 12 g/day; do not use longer than 2 wks.
Infection of skin, In minor cuts, scrapes, and burns; Prophylaxis
Dosing Information
Apply small amount TOPICALLY to affected area not more than 2 to 3 times daily; may be covered with a sterile bandage.
Preparation of bowel for procedure, Preoperative; Adjunct
Dosing Information
1 g ORALLY 19, 18, and 9 hrs prior to surgery in combination with recommended bowel preparation regimen which includes erythromycin.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Neomycin (topical) in adult patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Neomycin (topical) in adult patients.
Pediatric Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
Infection of skin, In minor cuts, scrapes, and burns; Prophylaxis
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Neomycin (topical) in pediatric patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Neomycin (topical) in pediatric patients.
Contraindications
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) Contraindications in the drug label.
Warnings
Warnings: For external use only. Do not use: if you are allergic to any of the ingredients, in the eyes, over large areas of the body. Ask a doctor before use if you have: large puncture wounds, animal bites, serious burns.
Stop use and ask a doctor if: you need to use longer than one week, condition persists or gets worse, symptoms persist for more than one week or clear up and occur again within a few days, rash or other allergic reaction develops.
Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical Trials Experience
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) Clinical Trials Experience in the drug label.
Postmarketing Experience
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.
Drug Interactions
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) Drug Interactions in the drug label.
Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Neomycin (topical) in women who are pregnant.
Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of Neomycin (topical) during labor and delivery.
Nursing Mothers
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) with respect to nursing mothers.
Pediatric Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) with respect to pediatric patients.
Geriatic Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) with respect to geriatric patients.
Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) with respect to specific gender populations.
Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) with respect to specific racial populations.
Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) in patients with renal impairment.
Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) in patients with hepatic impairment.
Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Neomycin (topical) in women of reproductive potentials and males.
Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of Neomycin (topical) in patients who are immunocompromised.
Administration and Monitoring
Administration
Adults and children over 2 years of age or older: Clean the affected area. Apply contents of packet to surface of affected area 2 times daily. Gently rub in. Children under 2 years of age: Ask a doctor.
Monitoring
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) Monitoring in the drug label.
IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Neomycin (topical) in the drug label.
Overdosage
There is limited information regarding Neomycin (topical) overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.