Property:AnswerDExp
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The Epley maneuver or repositioning maneuver is a maneuver used to treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) of the posterior or anterior canals. Free floating particles from the affected semicircular canal are relocated, using gravity, back into the utricle, where they can no longer stimulate the cupula, therefore relieving the patient of bothersome vertigo. It is often performed by a medical doctor, doctor of chiropractic, occupational therapist, audiologist or physical therapist, after confirmation of a diagnosis of BPPV using the Dix-Hallpike test and has a reported success rate of between 90–95%. This maneuver was developed by Dr. John Epley and first described in 1980. Physiotherapists and some chiropractors now use a version of the maneuver called the "modified" Epley that does not include vibrations of the mastoid process originally indicated by Epley, as they have since been shown not to improve the efficacy of the treatment. +
CT scans are indicated as soon as a stroke is suspected . An ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke is confirmed with a CT scan and then treated accordingly. +
A well known complication of metformin is Vit B12 malabsoption . Metformin when used chronically presents with peripheral neuropathy due to B12 malabsoption. +
A GCS < 8 is an indication to intubate the patient as the patient is in respiratory failure and unconscious. +
There are no indications to use topical bronchodilators in a case of allergic rhinitis.Topical bronchodilators should be used when the patients starts showing symptoms of asthma. +
This is the correct technique to prevent the most common side effect of topical decongestants. Ask the patient to stop the drug for a day or two and start again on the 5 th day. +
Cannabis consumption in pregnancy is associated with restrictions in growth of the fetus, miscarriage, and cognitive deficits in offspring +
'''Incorrect''': Tetracycline specially doxycycline are indicated if the patient has a type 1 hypersensitivity to penicillins. +
'''Incorrect''': Before starting any antibiotic therapy or empirical treatment lumbar puncture must be performed to rule out meningitis from encephalitis. +
Acute bacterial meningitis has the CSF picture of low glucose, high protein and high cells high, often > 300/mm³. +
Ganciclovir is used to treat CMV, HSV, VZV, and HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8. It is used alone to treat these viral infections. +
Dengue cannot be cultured in the blood. The diagnosis of dengue fever may be confirmed by microbiological laboratory testing. This can be done by virus isolation in cell cultures, nucleic acid detection by PCR, viral antigen detection (such as for NS1) or specific antibodies (serology) +
While Horner’s syndrome causes ocular symptoms, the ciliary ganglion is not directly impinged on by the tumor. +
Chronic infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause interstitial lung disease, but reactivation TB is most likely to be concentrated in the apices of the lung rather than the bases depicted here. +
Sarcoidosis is characterized by noncaseating granulomas. The pulmonary dysfunction, hilar enlargement and calcification observed in this patient are all consistent with sarcoidosis. However, “eggshell calcification” is classic for silicosis and the patient’s past exposure to silica particles while working as a sandblaster makes silicosis a more appropriate answer. +
While hydrochlorothiazide can cause prolonged QT interval, we have no reason to believe that this patient is on hydrochlorothiazide. Because of this patient’s history of schizophrenia, risperidone is a more appropriate choice. +
The dead space in this patient is increased as the volume can be determined by the Bohr equation to be 180 mL. +
The α<sub>2</sub>, M<sub>2</sub> and D<sub>2</sub> receptors are coupled to G<sub>i</sub> proteins. The H<sub>1</sub> receptor is linked to an intracellular G-protein of the G<sub>q</sub> class. +