Property:AnswerDExp
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
W
Accumulation of <sup>14</sup>C UDP-galactose after the addition of <sup>14</sup>C galactose occurs in the absence of the UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (GALE) enzyme. +
UDP-glucose-pyrophosphorylase catalyzes the conversion of UDP-glucose to glucose-1-phosphate. +
Aldose reductase converts galactose to galacticol. Its deficiency does not lead to cataracts. Based on animal models, it is hypothesized that the lower the expression of aldose reductase the better the individual is protected from cataracts and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. +
'''Incorrect'''-This patient should be stopped from further receiving the continuous infusion of the full dose of regular insulin and isotonic saline since it will promote the development of cerebral edema and potassium infusion is not required since serum potassium has gone above 5.3 mEq/L. +
'''Correct'''-Diabetic ketoacidosis patient on treatment when becomes stable and hungry without any nausea and vomiting, returning to parameters like blood glucose <200 mg/dL, serum bicarbonate >18 mEq/L and anion gap <12 mEq/L, should be switched to subcutaneous insulin while maintain the insulin drip since it takes 2 hours for the subcutaneous insulin to reach therapeutic level. +
'''Incorrect'''-Conservative management of the patient with nasal oxygen, intra venous fluids, cardiac and blood pressure monitoring should be started while transferring the patient to the operating room. But then having the patient on observation will increase the risk of mortality. +
'''Correct'''-Since the patient is elderly and presenting with vomiting, fever with leukocytosis and co-morbidities, she should be admitted in the hospital for an in patient care that would include conservative management like nil oral, intravenous fluids, analgesics and anti emetics along with intravenous mono therapy or multidrug therapy of antibiotics, most commonly ciprofloxacin with metronidazole to give an anaerobic as well as aerobic coverage. +
'''Incorrect'''-Laparoscopy or laparotomy and segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis is the treatment of choice in patients with complicated intussusception i.e. intussusception with ischemia or perforation. +
'''Incorrect'''-A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is more effective, with fewer complications and can be done more quickly during emergency when compared to open procedure. If the patient is not medically stable for cholecystectomy, percutaneous aspiration is an option. +
'''Incorrect'''-Hyperplastic polyps should be followed up with a repeat colonoscopy after 10 years. +
'''Incorrect'''-The patient already adheres to his strict diet schedule, which will include avoidance of late night eating. +
'''Incorrect'''-Anti cyclic citrullinated peptides are specific for rheumatoid arthritis, which is characterized by symmetrical involvement of proximal interphalangeal joints, metacarpophalangeal joints, wrists, elbows and knees with swelling, warmth, tenderness and morning stiffness lasting for more than 30 minutes. +
'''Incorrect'''-Non resolving pseudocysts after a period of 6 weeks observation, pseudocysts larger than 5 cm and complicated pseudocysts should be drained by either percutaneous catheter or endoscopic gastrostomy or laparoscopic gastrostomy drainage. +
'''Incorrect'''-Efficacy of endoscopic gastrostomy and drainage of the cyst is still under study. +
Sleep terrors occur during delta sleep (stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep) characterized by delta waves. +