Property:AnswerCExp
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Intention tremor secondary to a cerebellar lesion is characterized by a slow, coarse, and zigzag motion that is observed when the patient is reaching for a target (eg finger-to-nose testing). Intention tremor becomes more prominent as the patient approaches the desired object, often missing the actual location. Intention tremor may be either bilateral or unilateral depending of the location of the cerebellar lesion. +
This image depicts multiple, non-patterned white matter lesions usually observed in patients with multiple sclerosis. +
Global aphasia is a speech dysfunction characterized by impaired comprehension, impaired speech fluency, and impaired repetition. It results from damage to a larger area of the brain that involves the superior temporal and inferior frontal gyri. +
This refers to the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Occlusion of the MCA in the dominant hemisphere leads to contralateral facial and upper extremity sensory-motor deficits. Visual field defects are rare in MCA strokes. +
Left nasal hemianopia usually occurs with lesions of the internal carotid artery (internal carotid thrombosis) that occur lateral to the optic chiasm. This presentation is not typical of prolactinomas. +
Left nasal hemianopia usually occurs with lesions of the internal carotid artery (internal carotid thrombosis or aneurysms) at the origin of the ophthalmic artery. The lesion is usually located laterally to the optic chiasm interrupting part of the optic nerve as it becomes the optic tract. Our patient would best fit this pattern of visual field loss. +
Temporal lobe lesions usually present with visual field disturbances similar to our patient. Superior quadrantanopia is seen in temporal lesions due to the interruption of the Meyer's loop +
This refers to neurotransmitter binding to specific receptors on the post-synaptic membrane. Neurotransmitter antagonists can exert their effect by this mechanism. +
Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by avoidance of activities that involve significant interpersonal contact, because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection. The patient usually desires relationships but is afraid of possible consequences. +
A defense mechanism characterized by creating an amusing situation out of an awkward or difficult one. This defense mechanism is not common of borderline personalities. +
Release of both glutamate is reduced following the reduction in subthalamic excitability. Consequently, the GPi stimulation is reduced, which results in a reduced concentration of GABA. +
Hirschsprung's disease is characterized by the lack of ganglion cells of the enteric nervous plexus. +
The biopsy image demonstrates eosinophilic infiltrates in the esophageal mucosa, which are characteristic of EoE. +
Increasing the sample size can reduce type II error and increase the statistical power of the study. +
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the amyloid deposition of extracellular proteins due to abnormal proteolytic processing of beta-amyloid deposits. +
Cataract is caused by sorbitol accumulation in diabetic patients. The eye retina, the kidney, and schwann cells of the nervous system are especially susceptible to sorbitol accumulation because they normally lack sorbitol dehydrogenase that depletes sorbitol via the formation of fructose (an oxidation reaction). +