Property:AnswerBExp
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Cytarabine is a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerase. Upon entering the cell, cyatabine is converted to araCTP which can then be incorporated into a growing strand of replicated DNA, resulting in elongation termination. +
Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of testicular tumors. Bleomycin acts by inducing oxygen free radicals and DNA strand breaks. Bleomycin is classically associated with pulmonary fibrosis. It acts at the level of G2-phase. +
Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent indicated for testicular tumors. Bleomycin acts by inducing free radical oxygen species and breaks in the DNA strand. +
Basal cell carcinoma is a skin cancer that demonstrates an appearance of palisading nuclei on biopsy. Basal cell carcinoma may be a rare consequence of hydroxyurea therapy. However, hydroxyurea is not indicated for basal cell carcinoma. +
Leucovorin is equivalent to activated folinic acid (reduced vitamin B9). It may be administered to “rescue” the effects of methotrexate. +
The pathogenesis of GIST tumors involves a gain-of-function mutation in the ''KIT'' proto-oncogene, which encodes a transmembrane receptor for stem cell factor that includes a tyrosine kinase component in its intracytoplasmic region. Similar to CML, imatinib has demonstrated efficacy in GIST, whereby it similarly inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT in a similar fashion to its inhibition of the tyrosine kinase receptor BCR-ABL fusion protein. +
Paclitaxel hyperstabilizes microtubules and inhibits the disassembly of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting dividing cells in M-phase. It is primarily used in breast and ovarian carcinomas. It is also used to coat coronary artery stents. +
Patients with POF typically present with hot flashes, fatigue, and facial flushing. Lab work-up also reveals a marked decrease in ovarian hormones, estrogen and progesterone, and a significant increase in pituitary hormones, LH and FSH, which are no longer regulated by feedback inhibition. +
Myocardial infarction is not a very common cause of mortality in patients with HELLP syndrome. +
The short gastric arteries are contained in the gastrosplenic ligament. The gastrosplenic ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen. +
Menetrier's disease is not usually associated with dysarthria on physical examination. Dysarthria is a speech impairment due to involvement of the motor nervous system. Dysarthria may be observed among patients with a history of stroke. +
'''Incorrect''' : Nailfold capillaroscopy, videomicroscopy, thermography, angiography, laser Doppler imaging, and direct measures of skin temperature and local blood flow are other diagnostic tools used to assess the vascular responses in the digits and skin. History itself is considered diagnostic since no simple office test consistently triggers an attack. +
'''Incorrect''' : High neutrophilic count is a non-specific finding and it can be seen in conditions having infectious etiology. +
t(11;22) translocation is not common among patients with ALL. It is classically associated with Ewing’s sarcoma. +
''Blastomyces dermatitidis'' form hyphae with nondescript conidia. The tissue form is a broad-based budding yeast. +
''Aspergillus fumigatus'' is a monomorphic filamentous fungus that has dichotomously branching septate hyphae at acute angles usually <40°. +