Property:AnswerCExp
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Crystals that are yellow when parallel to light are characteristic of gout and not pseudogout. +
haloperidol is a competitive antagonist of dopamine. When a competitive antagonist is present, the potency of the agonist is altered and the curve of the effect of the agonist by increasing dose will be shifted towards the right. +
Since the patient is dehydrated, his spot urine sodium is expected to be low and not >10. +
Once the blood test to confirm for potassium levels is ordered, EKG should be done to check the any EKG changes. The management of the patient depends on the presence or absence of EKG changes and the hemodynamic status of the patient. If EKG changes are present, the management of the patient should target the following:<br>
1. Myocardial stabilization<br>
2. Shift potassium from blood into cells<br>
3. Lower total body potassium +
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) catalyzes the reversible conversion of galactose-1-phosphate into UDP-galactose. This enzyme is deficient in patients with classic galactosemia. +
Classic galactosemia characterized by the absence of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT). The enzyme assay would reveal an absence , not accumulation, of <sup>14</sup>C UDP-galactose after the addition of <sup>14</sup>C galactose-1-phosphate. +
UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GALE), also known as UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, catalyzes the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. The deficiency of this enzyme may result in a spectrum of symptoms, the most severe of which is a constellation of symptoms similar to classic galactosemia. +
UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GALE), also known as UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, catalyzes the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. The deficiency of this enzyme results in symptoms similar to those of classic galactosemia. +
'''Incorrect'''-This patient should be stopped from further receiving the continuous infusion of the full dose of regular insulin and isotonic saline since it will promote the development of cerebral edema and potassium infusion is not required since serum potassium has gone above 5.3 mEq/L. +
'''Incorrect'''-Switching to subcutaneous insulin alone will loose the control over blood glucose and make the patient unstable again. +
'''Incorrect'''-Abdominal CT to confirm the aneurysm rupture and for evaluating whether an endovascular repair is feasible or not can be done on hemodynamically stable patients suspected of having a ruptured AAA. +
'''Incorrect'''-Repeat abdominal CT is not as sensitive as colonoscopy in ruling out colon cancer or an extension of the diverticulum. +
'''Incorrect'''-Laparoscopy or laparotomy and segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis is the treatment of choice in patients with complicated intussusception i.e. intussusception with ischemia or perforation. +
'''Incorrect'''-These are cases in which the disease appears to have become complicated or are about to. High fever (>102.2 C), marked leukocytosis (>15,000 WBC), or chills suggest suppurative progression. Acalculous acute cholecystitis is also placed in this category. Other signs of complications such as worsening abdominal pain (gallbladder perforation) or the appearance of an abdominal mass (abscess formation) are a reason for surgery. In these patients immediate laparoscopic cholecystectomy (within 24 hours) has been increasingly performed by surgeons, because it has been shown to be safe, is not more difficult than laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed later, and shortens the hospital length of stay. +
'''Incorrect'''-Adenomatous polyp <1 cm in size or ≤2 polyps in number or tubular type or without a high grade dysplasia carriers a low risk of neoplastic conversion and it should be followed up with a repeat colonoscopy after 5 years. +
'''Incorrect'''-Only increasing the evening dose of insulin will be helpful in treating Dawn phenomenon and not the morning dose. +
'''Incorrect'''-Increasing the morning dose of insulin will be necessary only if there was an increase in early morning blood glucose without a hypoglycemic episode at night, which is Dawn phenomenon. +
'''Incorrect'''-Non resolving pseudocysts after a period of 6 weeks observation, pseudocysts larger than 5 cm and complicated pseudocysts should be drained by either percutaneous catheter or endoscopic gastrostomy or laparoscopic gastrostomy drainage. +
'''Incorrect'''-Non resolving pseudocysts after a period of 6 weeks observation, pseudocysts larger than 5 cm and complicated pseudocysts should be drained. Percutaneous catheter drainage is preferred in infected cysts and patients with significant co-morbidities for surgery. +