View source for Peramivir

{{expert-subject|Pharmacology}}
{{expert-subject|Viruses}}
{{drugbox
| IUPAC_name        = (''1S,2S,3S,4R'')-3-[(''1S'')-1-Acetamido-2-ethyl-butyl]
-4-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-hydroxy-cyclopentane
-1-carboxylic acid
| image             = peramivir.png
| width             = 150
| CAS_number        = 229614-55-5
| ATC_prefix        = 
| ATC_suffix        = 
| PubChem           = 151164
| DrugBank          = 
| C=15|H=28|N=4|O=4
| molecular_weight  = 328.407 g/mol
| bioavailability   = 
| protein_bound     = 
| metabolism        = 
| elimination_half-life = 
| excretion         = 
| pregnancy_AU      =  <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US      =  <!-- A / B            / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category=  
| legal_AU          =  <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S5 / S6 / S7 / S8 / S9 -->
| legal_CA          =  <!--             / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK          =  <!-- GSL         / P       / POM / CD / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_US          =  <!-- OTC                   / Rx-only  / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_status      = 
| routes_of_administration = 
}}
'''Peramivir''' is an experimental [[antiviral drug]] being developed by [http://www.biocryst.com Biocryst Pharmaceuticals] to treat [[influenza]]. Peramivir is a [[neuraminidase inhibitor]], acting as a [[transition state|transition-state]] analogue inhibitor of influenza [[neuraminidase]] and thereby preventing new viruses from emerging from infected cells. The development of peramivir is supported by the US [[Department of Health and Human Services]] as part of the [[Federal government of the United States|government]]'s effort to prepare for a [[flu pandemic]].<ref>
{{cite press release
  | title       = HHS Pursues Advance Development of New Influenza Antiviral Drug
  | publisher   = US [[Department of Health and Human Services]]
  | date        = [[2007-01-04]]
  | url         = http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2007pres/20070104.html
  | accessdate  = 2007-05-25
}}</ref>

The drug has had a long history. An oral formulation was abandoned by [[Johnson and Johnson]] due to poor [[bioavailability]].<ref>
{{cite news
  | last        = Pollack
  | first       = Andrew
  | title       = Talk of Bird Flu Pandemic Revives Interest in Passed-Over Drugs
  | publisher   = [[New York Times]]
  | date        = [[2005-10-07]]
  | url         = http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/07/business/07drug.html?ex=1180411200&en=ccb286fb1a101436&ei=5070
  | accessdate  = 2007-05-25
}}</ref>
BioCryst is now developing a [[Route of administration|injectable]] version, in partnership with Green Cross Pharmaceuticals in [[South Korea]] and with Shionogi Pharmaceuticals in [[Japan]]. The drug is in [[clinical trial#Phase II|Phase II]] studies.<ref>
{{cite web
  | title       = Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Peramivir in Subjects With Uncomplicated Acute Influenza
  | publisher   = [[National Institutes of Health]]
  | date        = [[2007-03-16]]
  | url         = http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00419263
  | accessdate  = 2007-05-25
}}</ref>
<ref>
{{cite web
  | title       = Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Peramivir in Adults With Acute Serious or Potentially Life-Threatening Influenza
  | publisher   = [[National Institutes of Health]]
  | date        = [[2007-03-28]]
  | url         = http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00453999
  | accessdate  = 2007-05-25
}}</ref>

Experimental data indicate that peramivir may have useful activity against many viruses of interest, including [[H5N1]] (avian bird flu) , [[hepatitis B]], [[polio]], [[measles]] and [[smallpox]]. Peramivir is active in a hamster model of [[yellow fever]], a finding which is not surprising, given the familial relationship of [[yellow fever]] and [[hepatitis C]] viruses as [[flaviviridae]]. Peramivir is active against other important [[flaviviridae]] such as [[West Nile virus]] and [[dengue fever]].{{Facts|date=June 2007}}

==Sources==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Antivirals}}
{{Influenza}}

[[Category:Antivirals]]
[[Category:Influenza]]
[[Category:Neuraminidase inhibitors]]

{{antimicrobial-stub}}
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