View source for GNAT2

{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GNAT2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8406495">{{cite journal |vauthors=Morris TA, Fong SL | title = Characterization of the gene encoding human cone transducin alpha-subunit (GNAT2) | journal = Genomics | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 442–8 |date=Oct 1993 | pmid = 8406495 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1993.1345 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNAT2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha transducing activity polypeptide 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2780| accessdate = }}</ref>

== Function ==

Transducin is a 3-subunit guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) which stimulates the coupling of rhodopsin and cGMP-phoshodiesterase during visual impulses. The transducin alpha subunits in rods and cones are encoded by separate genes. This gene encodes the alpha subunit in cones.<ref name="entrez" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Wilkie TM, Gilbert DJ, Olsen AS |title=Evolution of the mammalian G protein alpha subunit multigene family |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=1 |issue= 2 |pages= 85–91 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1302014 |doi= 10.1038/ng0592-85 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |author1=Arshavsky VYu |author2=Gray-Keller MP |author3=Bownds MD |title=cGMP suppresses GTPase activity of a portion of transducin equimolar to phosphodiesterase in frog rod outer segments. Light-induced cGMP decreases as a putative feedback mechanism of the photoresponse |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 28 |pages= 18530–7 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1655754 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Mazzoni MR, Malinski JA, Hamm HE |title=Structural analysis of rod GTP-binding protein, Gt. Limited proteolytic digestion pattern of Gt with four proteases defines monoclonal antibody epitope |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 21 |pages= 14072–81 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1713215 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Fawzi AB, Fay DS, Murphy EA |title=Rhodopsin and the retinal G-protein distinguish among G-protein beta gamma subunit forms |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 19 |pages= 12194–200 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1905716 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kubo M, Hirano T, Kakinuma M |title=Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA and genomic DNA for the human cone transducin alpha subunit |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=291 |issue= 2 |pages= 245–8 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1936270 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(91)81294-I  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Lerea CL, Bunt-Milam AH, Hurley JB |title=Alpha transducin is present in blue-, green-, and red-sensitive cone photoreceptors in the human retina |journal=Neuron |volume=3 |issue= 3 |pages= 367–76 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2534964 |doi=10.1016/0896-6273(89)90261-4  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Blatt C, Eversole-Cire P, Cohn VH |title=Chromosomal localization of genes encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunits in mouse and human |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 20 |pages= 7642–6 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2902634 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.20.7642  | pmc=282248  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Buss JE, Mumby SM, Casey PJ |title=Myristoylated alpha subunits of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 21 |pages= 7493–7 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3118369 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.21.7493  | pmc=299322  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hirano T |title=[Analysis of cell specific transcription of the human cone transducin alpha subunit gene] |journal=Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi |volume=68 |issue= 6 |pages= 885–93 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8112713 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Morris TA, Fong WB, Ward MJ |title=Localization of upstream silencer elements involved in the expression of cone transducin alpha-subunit (GNAT2) |journal=Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. |volume=38 |issue= 1 |pages= 196–206 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9008644 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kohl S, Baumann B, Rosenberg T |title=Mutations in the cone photoreceptor G-protein alpha-subunit gene GNAT2 in patients with achromatopsia |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=71 |issue= 2 |pages= 422–5 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12077706 |doi=10.1086/341835  | pmc=379175  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Aligianis IA, Forshew T, Johnson S |title=Mapping of a novel locus for achromatopsia (ACHM4) to 1p and identification of a germline mutation in the alpha subunit of cone transducin (GNAT2) |journal=J. Med. Genet. |volume=39 |issue= 9 |pages= 656–60 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12205108 |doi=10.1136/jmg.39.9.656  | pmc=1735242  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Piña AL, Baumert U, Loyer M, Koenekoop RK |title=A three base pair deletion encoding the amino acid (lysine-270) in the alpha-cone transducin gene |journal=Mol. Vis. |volume=10 |issue=  |pages= 265–71 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15094710 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504  | pmc=528928 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Rosenberg T, Baumann B, Kohl S |title=Variant phenotypes of incomplete achromatopsia in two cousins with GNAT2 gene mutations |journal=Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. |volume=45 |issue= 12 |pages= 4256–62 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15557429 |doi= 10.1167/iovs.04-0317 |display-authors=etal}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=achm  GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Achromatopsia]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/216900,139340,216900,262300,600053,600827,605080,613093,139340,216900,262300,600053,600827,605080,613093  OMIM entries on Achromatopsia]

{{Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins}}
{{GTPases}}


{{gene-1-stub}}