ABCG2

2017-09-07T12:49:30Z

2600:1003:B005:529D:9CCC:817C:F582:8B51: /* Function */Added content

{{Infobox_gene}}

'''ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ABCG2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8894702">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allikmets R, Gerrard B, Hutchinson A, Dean M | title = Characterization of the human ABC superfamily: isolation and mapping of 21 new genes using the expressed sequence tags database | journal = Hum Mol Genet | volume = 5 | issue = 10 | pages = 1649–55 |date=Feb 1997 | pmid = 8894702 | pmc = | doi =10.1093/hmg/5.10.1649 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9861027">{{cite journal | vauthors = Doyle LA, Yang W, Abruzzo LV, Krogmann T, Gao Y, Rishi AK, Ross DD | title = A multidrug resistance transporter from human MCF-7 breast cancer cells | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 95 | issue = 26 | pages = 15665–70 |date=Jan 1999 | pmid = 9861027 | pmc = 28101 | doi =10.1073/pnas.95.26.15665 }}</ref> ABCG2 has also been designated as '''CDw338''' ([[cluster of differentiation]] w338).

== Function ==

The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is included in the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the White subfamily. Alternatively referred to as the [[Breast Cancer]] Resistance Protein, this protein functions as a xenobiotic transporter which may play a role in multi-drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents including mitoxantrone and camptothecin analogues. Early observations of significant ABCG2-mediated resistance to anthracyclines were subsequently attributed mutations encountered in vitro but not in nature or the clinic. Significant expression of this protein has been observed in the [[placenta]],<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ABCG2 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9429| accessdate = }}</ref> and it has been shown to have a role in protecting the fetus from [[xenobiotic]]s in the maternal circulation.<ref name = "Vlaming">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vlaming ML, Lagas JS, Schinkel AH | title = Physiological and pharmacological roles of ABCG2 (BCRP): recent findings in Abcg2 knockout mice | journal = Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. | volume = 61 | issue = 1 | pages = 14–25 | date = January 2009 | pmid = 19118589 | doi = 10.1016/j.addr.2008.08.007 | url = }}</ref>

The transporter has also been shown to play protective roles in blocking absorption at the [[apical membrane]] of the intestine, and at the [[blood-testis barrier]],<ref name = "Vlaming"/> the [[blood–brain barrier]],<ref name = "Vlaming"/> and the membranes of [[Hematopoietic stem cell|hematopoietic progenitor]] and other [[stem cell]]s. At the apical membranes of the liver and kidney, it enhances excretion of xenobiotics. In the lactating mammary gland, it has a role on excreting vitamins such as [[riboflavin]] and [[biotin]] into milk.<ref name = "Vlaming"/> In the kidney and gastrointestinal tract, it has a role in urate excretion.

== Interactive pathway map ==
{|
|{{FluoropyrimidineActivity WP1601|highlight=ABCG2}}
|{{IrinotecanPathway_WP229|highlight=ABCG2}}
|}

==See also==
* [[ATP-binding cassette transporter]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Hazai E, Bikadi Z |title=Homology modeling of breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). |journal=J Struct Biol. |volume=162 |issue= 1 |pages= 63–74 |year= 2008 |pmid= 18249138 |doi= 10.1016/j.jsb.2007.12.001 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Abbott BL | title=ABCG2 (BCRP): a cytoprotectant in normal and malignant stem cells | journal=Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. | volume=4 | issue=1 | year=2006 | pmid=16562373 | pages=63–72}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Schmitz G, Langmann T, Heimerl S |title=Role of ABCG1 and other ABCG family members in lipid metabolism. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=42 |issue= 10 |pages= 1513–20 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11590207 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Ejendal KF, Hrycyna CA |title=Multidrug resistance and cancer: the role of the human ABC transporter ABCG2. |journal=Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= 503–11 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12369998 |doi=10.2174/1389203023380521 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Doyle LA, Ross DD |title=Multidrug resistance mediated by the breast cancer resistance protein BCRP (ABCG2). |journal=Oncogene |volume=22 |issue= 47 |pages= 7340–58 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14576842 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1206938 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Sugimoto Y, Tsukahara S, Ishikawa E, Mitsuhashi J |title=Breast cancer resistance protein: molecular target for anticancer drug resistance and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. |journal=Cancer Sci. |volume=96 |issue= 8 |pages= 457–65 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16108826 |doi= 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00081.x }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Ishikawa T, Tamura A, Saito H |title=Pharmacogenomics of the human ABC transporter ABCG2: from functional evaluation to drug molecular design. |journal=Naturwissenschaften |volume=92 |issue= 10 |pages= 451–63 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16160819 |doi= 10.1007/s00114-005-0019-4 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Krishnamurthy P, Schuetz JD |title=Role of ABCG2/BCRP in biology and medicine. |journal=Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. |volume=46 |issue= |pages= 381–410 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16402910 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141238 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Robey RW, Polgar O, Deeken J |title=ABCG2: determining its relevance in clinical drug resistance. |journal=Cancer Metastasis Rev. |volume=26 |issue= 1 |pages= 39–57 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17323127 |doi= 10.1007/s10555-007-9042-6 |display-authors=etal}}
}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{MeshName|ABCG2+protein,+human}}
* {{UCSC gene info|ABCG2}}

{{NLM content}}
{{Clusters of differentiation}}
{{ABC transporters}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abcg2}}
[[Category:Clusters of differentiation]]
[[Category:ABC transporters]]

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ABCG2