Zika virus infection travel notice

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The CDC has issued level 2 alert (practice enhanced precautions) for travelers to Cape Verde, the Carribean, Central America, Mexico, Samoa, and South America (data as of February 1st, 2016).

Travel Notice

Travel to Cape Verde

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 2nd, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cape Verde reported the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) in October 2015.

Travel to the Caribbean

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 2nd, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in the Caribbean in December 2015.
  • Since then, the following Caribbean destinations have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:
  • Barbados
  • Curaçao
  • Dominican Republic
  • Guadeloupe
  • Haiti
  • Jamaica
  • Martinique
  • The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory
  • Saint Martin
  • U.S. Virgin Islands

Travel to Central America

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 2nd, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Central America in November 2015.
  • Costa Rica
  • El Salvador
  • Guatemala
  • Honduras
  • Nicaragua
  • Panama

Travel to Mexico

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 2nd, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Mexico in November 2015.

Travel to South America

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 1st, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Samoa in November 2015.
  • The following destinations in the Pacific Islands have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:
  • American Samoa
  • Samoa

Travel to South America

CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions
as of February 2nd, 2016

  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in South America in November 2015.
  • Bolivia
  • Brazil
  • Colombia
  • Ecuador
  • French Guiana
  • Guyana
  • Paraguay
  • Suriname
  • Venezuela

How Can Travelers Protect Themselves From Mosquito Bites

What type of insect repellent should I use?

For Protection Against Ticks and Mosquitoes

  • Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours. Products containing DEET include Off!, Cutter, Sawyer, and Ultrathon

For Protection Against Mosquitoes Only

  • Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent mosquito bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection
  • DEET
  • Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin. Products containing picaridin include Cutter Advanced, Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus, and Autan [outside the US])
  • Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD (Products containing OLE include Repel and Off! Botanicals)
  • IR3535 (Products containing IR3535 include Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Expedition and SkinSmart)
  • Always follow product directions and reapply as directed
  • If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first and insect repellent second
  • Follow package directions when applying repellent on children. Avoid applying repellent to their hands, eyes, and mouth
  • Consider using permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). You can buy pre-treated clothing and gear or treat them yourself
  • Treated clothing remains protective after multiple washings. See the product information to find out how long the protection will last
  • If treating items yourself, follow the product instructions carefully
  • Do not use permethrin directly on skin

What other steps should I take to prevent bug bites?

Prevent Mosquito Bites

  • Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats
  • Stay and sleep in screened or air-conditioned rooms
  • Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors

What Should I Do If I Am Bitten By Bugs?

If You are Bitten By a Mosquito:

  • Avoid scratching mosquito bites
  • Apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce itching

References