Urethral cancer staging

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Urethral cancer may be classified into several subtypes based on TNM system and the depth of invasion.

Staging

Stage Definitions by Depth of Invasion

• Stage 0 (Tis, Ta): Limited to mucosa
• Stage A (T1): Submucosal invasion
• Stage B (T2): Infiltrating periurethral muscle or corpus spongiosum
• Stage C (T3): Infiltration beyond periurethral tissue

• Female: Vagina, labia, muscle
• Male: Corpus cavernosum, muscle

• Stage D1 (N+): Regional nodes; pelvic and inguinal
• Stage D2 (N+, M+): Distant nodes; visceral metastases

Definitions of TNM

The American Joint Committee on Cancer has designated staging by TNM classification to define urethral cancer.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

TNM	Definition
TX	Primary tumor cannot be assessed.
T0	No evidence of primary tumor.
Ta	Noninvasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma.
Tis	Carcinoma in situ.
T0	No evidence of primary tumor.
T1	Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue.
T2	Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, prostate, periurethral muscle.
T3	Tumor invades any of the following: corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule, anterior vagina, bladder neck.
T4	Tumor invades other adjacent organs.