Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{G.D.}},{{Rim}} {{SC}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{G.D.}},{{Rim}} {{SC}}
{{Testicular cancer}}
{{Testicular cancer}}
Line 22: Line 23:
*Affects most male patients in the second and third decade of their life<ref name="pmid20057969">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee SC, Kim KH, Kim SH, Lee NS, Park HS, Won JH |title=Mixed testicular germ cell tumor presenting as metastatic pure choriocarcinoma involving multiple lung metastases that was effectively treated with high-dose chemotherapy |journal=Cancer Res Treat |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=229–32 |date=December 2009 |pmid=20057969 |pmc=2802842 |doi=10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.229 |url=}}</ref>
*Affects most male patients in the second and third decade of their life<ref name="pmid20057969">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee SC, Kim KH, Kim SH, Lee NS, Park HS, Won JH |title=Mixed testicular germ cell tumor presenting as metastatic pure choriocarcinoma involving multiple lung metastases that was effectively treated with high-dose chemotherapy |journal=Cancer Res Treat |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=229–32 |date=December 2009 |pmid=20057969 |pmc=2802842 |doi=10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.229 |url=}}</ref>
Yolk Sac tumor
Yolk Sac tumor
*Mostly seen in children less than 2 years old
*Mostly seen in children less than 2 years old<ref name="pmid8127257">{{cite journal |vauthors=Coppes MJ, Rackley R, Kay R |title=Primary testicular and paratesticular tumors of childhood |journal=Med. Pediatr. Oncol. |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=329–40 |date=1994 |pmid=8127257 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*
*




Line 51: Line 51:
{| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: 600px;"
{| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: 600px;"
|-
|-
|style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Stage'''|| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center | '''5-year relative survival (%), (2004-2010)'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''Stage'''|| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" | '''5-year relative survival (%), (2004-2010)'''
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |'''All stages'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |95.3%
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |'''All stages'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |95.3%
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |'''Localized'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |99.2%
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |'''Localized'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |99.2%
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |'''Regional'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |96%
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |'''Regional'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |96%
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |'''Distant'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |73.1%
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |'''Distant'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |73.1%
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |'''Unstaged'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |78.8%
| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |'''Unstaged'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |78.8%
|}
|}



Revision as of 20:18, 9 April 2019


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2],Rim Halaby, M.D. [3] Shanshan Cen, M.D. [4]

Testicular cancer Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Testicular cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Biopsy

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis

CDC on Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis

Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis in the news

Blogs on Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Testicular cancer

Risk calculators and risk factors for Testicular cancer natural history, complications and prognosis

Overview

Prognosis of testicular cancer is generally good, and the 5-year survival rate is approximately 96.6% (2004-2010).Common complications of testicular cancer include metastasis, bleeding, infection, and infertility.

Natural History

Seminoma

  • Seminoma tends to occur in middle aged people
  • Rarely metastasize[1]
  • Affects people in their 15 and 35 years old

Embryonal Carcinoma

  • Median age is 30 years old[1]
  • Has most of the component of mixed non seminoma germ tumor[1]
  • Tend to metastasize early to lungs, retroperitomeun, and liver[2]

Choriocarcinoma

  • Patient presents with early symptoms if there are metastatic lesions[3]
  • Early metastasis through hematogenous route
  • Tends to metastasize to lungs, brain, liver, peritoneum, and others
  • Affects most male patients in the second and third decade of their life[4]

Yolk Sac tumor

  • Mostly seen in children less than 2 years old[5]



Complications

Common complications of testicular cancer include:

  • Post-surgery complications

Prognosis

  • Between 2004 and 2010, the 5-year relative survival of patients with testicular cancer was 96.6%.[6]
  • When stratified by age, the 5-year relative survival of patients with testicular cancer was 95.4% and 86.4% for patients <65 and ≥ 65 years of age respectively.[6]
  • The survival of patients with testicular cancer varies with the stage of the disease. Shown below is a table depicting the 5-year relative survival by the stage of testicular cancer:[6]
Stage 5-year relative survival (%), (2004-2010)
All stages 95.3%
Localized 99.2%
Regional 96%
Distant 73.1%
Unstaged 78.8%
  • Shown below is an image depicting the 5-year conditional relative survival (probability of surviving in the next 5-years given the cohort has already survived 0, 1, 3 years) between 1998 and 2010 of testicular cancer by stage at diagnosis according to SEER. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.[6]

5-year conditional relative survival (probability of surviving in the next 5-years given the cohort has already survived 0, 1, 3 years) between 1998 and 2010 of testicular cancer by stage at diagnosis according to SEER.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Howitt BE, Berney DM (December 2015). "Tumors of the Testis: Morphologic Features and Molecular Alterations". Surg Pathol Clin. 8 (4): 687–716. doi:10.1016/j.path.2015.07.007. PMID 26612222.
  2. Ishida M, Hasegawa M, Kanao K, Oyama M, Nakajima Y (February 2009). "Non-palpable testicular embryonal carcinoma diagnosed by ultrasound: a case report". Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 39 (2): 124–6. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn141. PMID 19066212.
  3. Lowe K, Paterson J, Armstrong S, Walsh S, Groome M, Mowat C (October 2015). "Metastatic Testicular Choriocarcinoma: A Rare Cause of Upper GI Bleeding". ACG Case Rep J. 3 (1): 36–8. doi:10.14309/crj.2015.94. PMC 4612755. PMID 26504875.
  4. Lee SC, Kim KH, Kim SH, Lee NS, Park HS, Won JH (December 2009). "Mixed testicular germ cell tumor presenting as metastatic pure choriocarcinoma involving multiple lung metastases that was effectively treated with high-dose chemotherapy". Cancer Res Treat. 41 (4): 229–32. doi:10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.229. PMC 2802842. PMID 20057969.
  5. Coppes MJ, Rackley R, Kay R (1994). "Primary testicular and paratesticular tumors of childhood". Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 22 (5): 329–40. PMID 8127257.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.


Template:WikiDoc Sources