Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Risk Factors

The underlying cause of this autoimmune disease is not clear. Clinical data shows that the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with the following factors:

  • Infections can stimulates some antigen specific cells and lead to SLE disease:
    • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): may induce anti-DNA antibodies or even lupus-like symptoms. It is associated with higher risk of SLE and also triggering the active course of disease in children
    • Trypanosomiasis or mycobacterial infections may have the same effect as EBV
    • SLE active disease flares may follow bacterial infections as well
  • Ultraviolet (UV) light: Can stimulates B-cells to produce more antibodies. It can also interfere with antigen processing by activation of macrophages and hence increase the degree of autoimmunity
  • Cigarette smoking 11708417
  • crystalline silica exposure in work environment (e.g. cleaning powders, soil, pottery materials, cement etc.) 12124868
  • Drug allergy 12464374
  • caring a pet (especially pet dog)
  • moderate alcohol drinking had a protective effect on the development of SLE. Taken together, our results show that moderate alcohol drinking might be protective for SLE. 18795396

References

  1. DiGeronimo, Theresa. New Hope for People with Lupus. Prima Publishing. 2002.

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