Superior vena cava syndrome differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(4 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Superior vena cava syndrome}}
[[Image:Home_logo1.png|right|250px|link=https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Superior_vena_cava_syndrome]]
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HP}}, {{MV}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HP}}, {{MV}}


Line 19: Line 19:
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Cardiac tamponade]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Cardiac tamponade]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Elevated jugular venous pressure, reduced diastolic filling of the right ventricle, and hypotension.
*Elevated jugular venous pressure, reduced diastolic filling of the right ventricle, and hypotension
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In cardiac tamponade, differentiating features include: muffled heart sounds, pericardial rub, and electrocardiographic changes.
*In cardiac tamponade, differentiating features include: muffled heart sounds, pericardial rub, and electrocardiographic changes
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Elevated jugular venous pulse (JVP), dyspnea, and tachypnea.
*Elevated jugular venous pulse (JVP), dyspnea, and tachypnea
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In cardiac tamponade, differentiating features include: history of chronic bronchitis, coarse crackles with inspiration, and spirometry with FEV1/FVC < 70%.
*In COPD, differentiating features include: history of chronic bronchitis, coarse crackles with inspiration, and spirometry with FEV1/FVC < 70%
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Mediastinitis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Mediastinitis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Elevated venous pressure, tachypnea and dyspnea.
*Elevated venous pressure, tachypnea and dyspnea
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In mediastinitis, differentiating features include:  fever, positive confirmation of organisms and elevated leukocytes.
*In mediastinitis, differentiating features include:  fever, positive confirmation of organisms, and elevated [[leukocytes]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"  | '''[[Pneumonia]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"  | '''[[Pneumonia]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Hypotension, tachypnea, cough, and chest pain.
*[[Hypotension]], [[tachypnea]], [[cough]], and [[chest pain]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In pneumonia, differentiating features include:  Bronchial breath sounds, leukocytosis with left shift, positive blood culture, and altered laboratory findings (procalitonin).
*In pneumonia, differentiating features include:  bronchial breath sounds, [[leukocytosis]] with left shift, positive blood culture, and altered laboratory findings (eg. procalcitonin)
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"  | '''[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"  | '''[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Low blood pressure, hypotension, and dyspnea.
*Low blood pressure, [[hypotension]], and [[dyspnea]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In cardiac acute respiratory distress syndrome, differentiating features include: acute onset, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph sparing costophrenic angles, and pulmonary wedge pressure  < 18 mmHg.
*In cardiac acute respiratory distress syndrome, differentiating features include: acute onset, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph sparing costophrenic angles, and pulmonary wedge pressure  < 18 mmHg
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Syphilis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | '''[[Syphilis]]'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*Enlarged lymph nodes, hypotension and dysphagia.
*Enlarged lymph nodes, hypotension, and dysphagia
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|
*In syphilis, differentiating features include: Positive treponemal tests, history of unprotected sex, and superficial mucosal patches.
*In syphilis, differentiating features include: positive [[treponemal tests]], history of unprotected sex, and superficial mucosal patches
|}
|}


Line 65: Line 65:
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Vascular medicine]]
[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 20:33, 5 March 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hardik Patel, M.D., Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Overview

Superior vena cava syndrome should be differentiated from other causes of dyspnea and jugular venous distention, such as, cardiac tamponade, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, mediastinitis, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and syphilis.[1]

Differentiating Superior Vena Cava Syndrome from other Diseases

The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate superior vena cava syndrome from other conditions that also cause dyspnea and jugular venous distention:

Differential Diagnosis Similar Features Differentiating Features
Cardiac tamponade
  • Elevated jugular venous pressure, reduced diastolic filling of the right ventricle, and hypotension
  • In cardiac tamponade, differentiating features include: muffled heart sounds, pericardial rub, and electrocardiographic changes
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Elevated jugular venous pulse (JVP), dyspnea, and tachypnea
  • In COPD, differentiating features include: history of chronic bronchitis, coarse crackles with inspiration, and spirometry with FEV1/FVC < 70%
Mediastinitis
  • Elevated venous pressure, tachypnea and dyspnea
  • In mediastinitis, differentiating features include: fever, positive confirmation of organisms, and elevated leukocytes
Pneumonia
  • In pneumonia, differentiating features include: bronchial breath sounds, leukocytosis with left shift, positive blood culture, and altered laboratory findings (eg. procalcitonin)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • In cardiac acute respiratory distress syndrome, differentiating features include: acute onset, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph sparing costophrenic angles, and pulmonary wedge pressure < 18 mmHg
Syphilis
  • Enlarged lymph nodes, hypotension, and dysphagia
  • In syphilis, differentiating features include: positive treponemal tests, history of unprotected sex, and superficial mucosal patches

References

  1. Menon A, Gupta A (2015). "Superior vena cava syndrome". Indian J. Med. Res. 142 (3): 350. doi:10.4103/0971-5916.166606. PMC 4669875. PMID 26458355.

Template:WH Template:WS