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| __NOTOC__
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| {{Suicidal ideation}}
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Vbe}}
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| ==Overview==
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| It is thought that suicidal ideation is caused by decreased expression of serotonin transporter gene, studies have shown that there is decreased expression of 5 HTT(SLC6A4 gene) in prefrontal and cortical region. MAO and MAOB have also been implicated.
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| ==Pathophysiology==
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| Decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serotonin levels and serotonin receptor dysfunction are strong risk factors for suicide attempt and completion. Dysfunction in central serotonin systems is associated with a lowered threshold for self-directed and externally directed aggressive behavior. 1976, Asberg et al reported a bimodal distribution of serotonin metabolites (5-HIAA) in the CSF of depressed patients.23 In this study, significantly more of the depressed patients in the "low" CSF 5-HIAA group had attempted suicide compared to the "high" CSF group. A five-year follow-up study of depressed patients concluded that patients who attempted suicide before the index admission and who reattempted suicide during the follow-up had significantly lower CSF levels of 5-HIAA.To date, more than 20 studies have reported low concentrations of CSF 5-HIAA in suicide attempters with a broad range of diagnoses, making this one of the strongest findings in biological psychiatry. The absolute reduction in the concentration of CSF 5-HIAA appears to correlate well with lethality, increased planning, and medical damage of the suicide attempt.The pharmacotherapy of suicidal patients often aims at increasing serotonin availability in the brainstem.
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| ==Genetics==
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| *[Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
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| *Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
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| *The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
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| ==Associated Conditions==
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| The following conditions are associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation:
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| **Major depressive disorder
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| **Bipolar disorder
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| **Schizophrenia
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| **Post traumatic stress disorder
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| **Anxiety
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| **Personality disorders
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| ==Gross Pathology==
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| *On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
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| ==Microscopic Pathology==
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| *On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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