Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis}}
{{Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{SCh}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{SCh}} {{AY}}
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] is a [[Blood-borne infection|blood-borne]] infection caused by [[enteric]] organisms in 70% of cases (mono-microbial origin in 90% of cases). [[Aerobic bacteria|Aerobic]] [[gram-negative bacteria]] like ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' account for half of the cases. [[Gram-positive cocci]] ''[[Streptococcus]]'' species in 20% cases and [[enterococcus]] accounting for 5% of the cases. ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' and ''[[Streptococcus salivarius]]'' are less frequent causes. Poly-microbial infection is mostly [[iatrogenic]] (more likely associated with abdominal [[paracentesis]]) or [[Intra-abdominal infection|intra-abdominal]] source of infection. The cause of SBP is not definitively established, but is believed to involve hematogenous spread of organisms in patients with [[liver]] <nowiki/>disease and altered [[portal circulation]] in  adults, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurs in conjunction with [[cirrhosis]] of the liver and [[portal hypertension]].
[[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] is a [[Blood-borne infection|blood-borne]] infection caused by [[enteric]] organisms in 70% of cases (mono-microbial origin in 90% of cases). [[Aerobic bacteria|Aerobic]] [[gram-negative bacteria]] like ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' account for half of the cases. [[Gram-positive cocci]] ''[[Streptococcus]]'' species in 20% cases and [[enterococcus]] accounting for 5% of the cases. ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' and ''[[Streptococcus salivarius]]'' are less frequent causes. Poly-microbial infection is mostly [[iatrogenic]] (more likely associated with abdominal [[paracentesis]]) or [[Intra-abdominal infection|intra-abdominal]] source of infection. The cause of SBP is not definitively established, but is believed to involve hematogenous spread of organisms in patients with [[liver]] <nowiki/>disease and altered [[portal circulation]] in  adults, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurs in conjunction with [[cirrhosis]] of the liver and [[portal hypertension]].
Line 15: Line 14:
* Poly-microbial infection is mostly [[iatrogenic]] (associated with abdominal [[paracentesis]]) or [[Intra-abdominal infection|intra-abdominal]] source of infection.
* Poly-microbial infection is mostly [[iatrogenic]] (associated with abdominal [[paracentesis]]) or [[Intra-abdominal infection|intra-abdominal]] source of infection.
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ascites|Cariogenic ascites]]
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Ascites|Cardiogenic ascites]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''[[Dermatologic]]'''
| '''[[Dermatologic]]'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Proton Pump Inhibitors and Beta Adrenergic Antagonists
| bgcolor="Beige" | Proton Pump Inhibitors and Beta Adrenergic Antagonists
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascites]],  [[Chronic liver disease]],  [[Cirrhosis ]],  [[Intrahepatic blood shunting ]],  [[Portal hypertension]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ascites]],  [[Chronic liver disease]],  [[Cirrhosis ]] ,  [[Intrahepatic blood shunting ]] ,  [[Portal hypertension]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acinetobacter|Acinetobacter infections]],  [[Actinomyces|Actinomyces infections]] ,  Aerococcus urinae ,  [[Aeromonas hydrophila]],  [[Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ]],  [[Bacteroides fragilis]],  [[Bordetella bronchiseptica]],  [[Brucella infection]],  [[Candida|Candida infection]],  [[Citrobacter freundii]],  [[Coccidioides immitis ]],  [[Cryptococcus neoformans ]],  Defective ascites [[Bactericidal|bactericidal activity]],  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus casseliflavus]] ,  [[Enterococcus faecalis ]] ,  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus gallinarum]] ,  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus hirae]] ,  [[Escherichia coli ]] ,  [[Gemella morbillorum|Gemella morbilorum]] ,  [[Haemophilus influenzae]],  [[Parainfluenza virus|Haemophilus parainfluenzae]] ,  [[Klebsiella pneumoniae]],  Leclercia adecarboxylata ,  Leminorella grimontii ,  [[Listeria monocytogenes]],  [[Neisseria meningitidis ]],  Ochrobactrum anthropi ,  [[Plesiomonas shigelloides]],  [[Proteus infection|Proteus inections]],  [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa ]],  [[Salmonella paratyphi|Salmonella paratyphi a]] ,  [[Salmonella typhimurium ]] ,  [[Staphylococcus aureus ]],  [[Streptococcus pneumoniae]],  [[Streptococcus salivarius ]],  [[Vibrio vulnificus]],  [[Viridans group streptococci]][[Mycobacterium tuberculosis|M,andycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acinetobacter|Acinetobacter infections]],  [[Actinomyces|Actinomyces infections]] ,  Aerococcus urinae ,  [[Aeromonas hydrophila]],  [[Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ]] ,  [[Bacteroides fragilis]],  [[Bordetella bronchiseptica]],  [[Brucella infection]],  [[Candida|Candida infection]],  [[Citrobacter freundii]],  [[Coccidioides immitis ]] ,  [[Cryptococcus neoformans ]] ,  Defective ascites [[Bactericidal|bactericidal activity]],  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus casseliflavus]] ,  [[Enterococcus faecalis ]] ,  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus gallinarum]] ,  [[Enterococcus|Enterococcus hirae]] ,  [[Escherichia coli ]] ,  [[Gemella morbillorum|Gemella morbilorum]] ,  [[Haemophilus influenzae]],  [[Parainfluenza virus|Haemophilus parainfluenzae]] ,  [[Klebsiella pneumoniae]],  Leclercia adecarboxylata ,  Leminorella grimontii ,  [[Listeria monocytogenes]],  [[Neisseria meningitidis ]] ,  Ochrobactrum anthropi ,  [[Plesiomonas shigelloides]],  [[Proteus infection|Proteus inections]],  [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa ]] ,  [[Salmonella paratyphi|Salmonella paratyphi a]] ,  [[Salmonella typhimurium ]] ,  [[Staphylococcus aureus ]] ,  [[Streptococcus pneumoniae]],  [[Streptococcus salivarius ]] ,  [[Vibrio vulnificus]],  [[Viridans group streptococci]][[Mycobacterium tuberculosis|,and Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Malnutrition
| bgcolor="Beige" | Malnutrition
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Malignant ascites]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cirrhosis ]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cirrhosis ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Nephrotic syndrome]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Nephrotic syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Malignant ascites]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |  
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{columns-list|3|
{{columns-list|
*[[Acinetobacter infections]]
*[[Acinetobacter|Acinetobacter infections]]
*[[Actinomyces infections ]]
*[[Actinomyces|Actinomyces infections]]  
*[[Aerococcus urinae ]]
*Aerococcus urinae
*[[Aeromonas hydrophila]]
*[[Aeromonas hydrophila]]
*[[Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ]]
*[[Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ]]
*[[Bacteroides fragilis]]
*[[Bacteroides fragilis]]
*[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]
*[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]
*[[Brucella infection]]
*[[Brucella infection]]
*[[Candida infection]]
*[[Candida|Candida infection]]
*[[Chronic liver disease]]
*[[Chronic liver disease]]
*[[Cirrhosis ]]
*[[Cirrhosis ]]
*[[Citrobacter freundii]]
*[[Citrobacter freundii]]
*[[Coccidioides immitis ]]
*[[Coccidioides immitis ]]
*[[Cryptococcus neoformans ]]
*[[Cryptococcus neoformans ]]
*[[Defective ascitic bactericidal activity]]
*[[Bactericidal|Defective ascitic bactericidal activity]]
*[[Enterococcus casseliflavus ]]
*[[Enterococcus|Enterococcus casseliflavus]]  
*[[Enterococcus faecalis ]]
*[[Enterococcus faecalis ]]
*[[Enterococcus gallinarum ]]
*[[Enterococcus|Enterococcus gallinarum]]  
*[[Enterococcus hirae ]]
*[[Enterococcus|Enterococcus hirae]]  
*[[Escherichia coli ]]
*[[Escherichia coli ]]
*[[Gemella morbilorum ]]
*[[Gemella morbillorum]]  
*[[Haemophilus influenzae]]
*[[Haemophilus influenzae]]
*[[Haemophilus parainfluenzae ]]
*[[Parainfluenza|Haemophilus parainfluenzae]]  
*[[Intrahepatic blood shunting ]]
*Intrahepatic blood shunting  
*[[Klebsiella pneumonia]]
*[[Klebsiella pneumoniae]]
*[[Leclercia adecarboxylata ]]
*Leclercia adecarboxylata
*[[Leminorella grimontii ]]
*Leminorella grimontii
*[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
*[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
*[[Neisseria meningitidis ]]
*[[Malignant ascites]]
*[[Neisseria meningitidis ]]
*[[Nephrotic syndrome]]
*[[Nephrotic syndrome]]
*[[Ochrobactrum anthropi ]]
*Ochrobactrum anthropi
*[[Plesiomonas shigelloides]]
*[[Plesiomonas shigelloides]]
*[[Portal hypertension]]
*[[Portal hypertension]]
*[[Proteus infections]]
*[[Proteus infection|Proteus infections]]
*[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa ]]
*[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa ]]
*[[Salmonella paratyphi a ]]
*[[Salmonella paratyphi|Salmonella paratyphi a]]  
*[[Salmonella typhimurium ]]
*[[Salmonella typhimurium ]]
*[[Staphylococcus aureus ]]
*[[Staphylococcus aureus ]]
*[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
*[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
*[[Streptococcus salivarius ]]
*[[Streptococcus salivarius ]]
*[[Vibrio vulnificus]]
*[[Vibrio vulnificus]]
*[[Viridans group streptococci]]
*[[Viridans group streptococci]]
}}
}}


Line 177: Line 177:
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


{{WH}}
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
{{WS}}
[[Category:Disease]]
 
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]

Latest revision as of 00:14, 30 July 2020

Peritonitis main page

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History & Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes

CDC on Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes in the news

Blogs on Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [2] Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]

Overview

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a blood-borne infection caused by enteric organisms in 70% of cases (mono-microbial origin in 90% of cases). Aerobic gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli account for half of the cases. Gram-positive cocci Streptococcus species in 20% cases and enterococcus accounting for 5% of the cases. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus salivarius are less frequent causes. Poly-microbial infection is mostly iatrogenic (more likely associated with abdominal paracentesis) or intra-abdominal source of infection. The cause of SBP is not definitively established, but is believed to involve hematogenous spread of organisms in patients with liver disease and altered portal circulation in adults, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurs in conjunction with cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension.

Causes

Common Causes

Less common causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiogenic ascites
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Proton Pump Inhibitors and Beta Adrenergic Antagonists
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Ascites, Chronic liver disease, Cirrhosis , Intrahepatic blood shunting , Portal hypertension
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Infectious Disease Acinetobacter infections, Actinomyces infections , Aerococcus urinae , Aeromonas hydrophila, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum , Bacteroides fragilis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Brucella infection, Candida infection, Citrobacter freundii, Coccidioides immitis , Cryptococcus neoformans , Defective ascites bactericidal activity, Enterococcus casseliflavus , Enterococcus faecalis , Enterococcus gallinarum , Enterococcus hirae , Escherichia coli , Gemella morbilorum , Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae , Klebsiella pneumoniae, Leclercia adecarboxylata , Leminorella grimontii , Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis , Ochrobactrum anthropi , Plesiomonas shigelloides, Proteus inections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella paratyphi a , Salmonella typhimurium , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius , Vibrio vulnificus, Viridans group streptococci,and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Malnutrition
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Malignant ascites
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Cirrhosis
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Nephrotic syndrome
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Spontaneous_bacterial_peritonitis_causes&oldid=1643485"