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| {{drugbox
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| | IUPAC_name = 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane
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| | image = Sevoflurane2.png
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| | image2 = Sevoflurane-3D-balls.png
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| | CAS_number = 28523-86-6
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| | ATC_prefix = N01
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| | ATC_suffix = AB08
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| | ATC_supplemental =
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| | PubChem = 5206
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| | DrugBank = APRD00219
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| | C=4 | H=3 | F=7 | O=1
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| | molecular_weight = 200.055 g/mol
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound =
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life =
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| | pregnancy_category =
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| | routes_of_administration =
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| }}
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| '''Sevoflurane''' (2,2,2-trifluoro-1-[trifluoromethyl]ethyl fluoromethyl ether), also called '''fluoromethyl hexafluoroisopropyl ether''', is a sweet-smelling, non-flammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used for induction and maintenance of [[general anesthesia]]. Together with [[desflurane]], it is replacing [[isoflurane]] and [[halothane]] in modern [[anesthesiology]]. It is often administered in a mixture of [[nitrous oxide]] and oxygen. After [[desflurane]] it is the [[volatile anesthetic]] with the fastest onset and offset. Though desflurane has the lowest blood/gas coefficient of the currently used volatile anesthetics, sevoflurane is the preferred agent for mask induction due to its lesser irritation to mucous membranes.
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| Though it vaporizes readily, it is a liquid at room temperature and is administered via an [[anesthetic vaporizer]] attached to an [[anesthetic machine]].
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| It was introduced into clinical practice initially in Japan in 1990.
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| Sevoflurane forms at least two degradation products, ''Compound A'' [fluoromethyl-2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether] and ''Compound B'' [1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)-3-methoxypropane], on contact with the [[soda lime]] in a [[rebreather|rebreathing apparatus]], which absorbs exhaled [[carbon dioxide]], especially at higher temperatures and when the soda lime is desiccated. Compound A has been shown to cause renal necrosis in rats. In humans, direct histological evidence of renal toxicity has not been demonstrated, although there is dose-related [[proteinuria]], [[glycosuria]] and enzymuria. During low-flow anaesthesia, when the lower fresh gas flow leads to decreased flushing of the circuit and increased temperature of the soda lime, Compound A may build up to clinically significant levels. As a result, sevoflurane is sometimes administered with a minimum fresh gas flow of 2 liters per minute, making it a relatively expensive choice for maintaining general anesthesia.
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| ===Physical properties===
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| {|
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| |[[Boiling point]]: ||align=right| 58.6 °C || (at 101.325 kPa)
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| |-
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| |[[Density]]: ||align=right| 1.517–1.522 g/cm³|| (at 20 °C)
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| |[[Minimum alveolar concentration|MAC]] : ||align=right| 2 vol % ||
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| |[[Molecular Weight]]: ||align=right| 200 [[unified atomic mass unit|u]]||
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| |[[Vapor pressure]]: ||align=right| 157 mmHg (20.9 kPa)|| (at 20 °C)
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| | ||align=right|197 mmHg (26.3 kPa) || (at 25 °C)
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| | ||align=right|317 mmHg (42.3 kPa) || (at 36 °C)
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| |-
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| |Blood:Gas Partition Coefficient: ||align=right| 0.68||
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| |-
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| |Oil:Gas Partition Coefficient: ||align=right| 47||
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| |}
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| ==External links==
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| {{General anesthetics}}
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| [[Category:Anesthetics]]
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| [[Category:Ethers]]
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| [[Category:Organofluorides]]
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| [[de:Sevofluran]]
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| [[fr:Sévoflurane]]
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| [[it:Sevoflurano]]
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| [[nl:Sevofluraan]]
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| [[pl:Sewofluran]]
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| http://www.priory.com/anaesthesia/propofol_and_sevoflurane.htm
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| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
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