Secondary adrenal insufficiency historical perspective: Difference between revisions

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{{Adrenal insufficiency}}
{{Secondary adrenal insufficiency}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ADS}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ADS}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
 
[[Adrenal gland|Suprarenal gland<nowiki/>s]] were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes. 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).
==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==
*[[Adrenal gland|Suprarenal glands]] were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes.<ref name="Loriaux2007">{{cite journal|last1=Loriaux|first1=D Lynn|title=Bartolomeo Eustachi (Eustachius) (1520???1574)|journal=The Endocrinologist|volume=17|issue=4|year=2007|pages=195|issn=1051-2144|doi=10.1097/TEN.0b013e318141f6f4}}</ref>


===Discovery===
*Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist, when he described [[Adrenocortical|adrenocortical atrophy]] in 1849 on the autopsy of the [[Adrenal gland|adrenal glands]] of patients, some of which had [[vitiligo]].<ref name="pmid15173338">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearce JM |title=Thomas Addison (1793-1860) |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=97 |issue=6 |pages=297–300 |year=2004 |pmid=15173338 |pmc=1079500 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as '''Glandulae renis incumbentes''<nowiki/>'.
*Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist when he described adrenocortical atrophy in 1849 on the autopsy of the adrenal glands of patients, some of which had vitiligo.  
 
*In 1926, Schmidt was the first to discover the association between adrenalitis and thyroiditis, called Schmidt's syndrome, which was expanded by Carpenter in 1964 to include type 1 diabetes mellitus.


*In 1956, Whittaker found an association between hypoadrenocortolism, hypothyroidism, and candidiasis.
*In 1926, Schmidt was the first to discover the association between adrenalitis and [[thyroiditis]], called [[Schmidt's syndrome]], which was expanded by Carpenter in 1964 to include [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes mellitu<nowiki/>s]].


*In 1997, AIRE gene mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of APS (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome)
*In 1956, Whittaker found an association between hypo-adrenocortolism, [[hypothyroidism]], and [[candidiasis]].<ref name="urlEndocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books">{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W4dZ-URK8ZoC&pg=PA2703&lpg=PA2703&dq=In+1956,+Whittaker+found+an+association+between+hypo-adrenocortical&source=bl&ots=T9hBIj7u3h&sig=in2ImGw7smTTTynT6Gi6YYh7_yo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifzfqA9cXXAhUM6YMKHav0BHoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=In%201956%2C%20Whittaker%20found%20an%20association%20between%20hypo-adrenocortical&f=false |title=Endocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>


==Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies==
*In 1997, AIRE gene [[mutation]]<nowiki/>s were first implicated in the pathogenesis of [[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome|APS]] ([[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome|autoimmune polyglandular syndrome]]).
*In [year], [diagnostic test/therapy] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].


==Famous Cases==
==Famous Cases==


* 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).
* 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had [[primary adrenal insufficiency]] ([[Addison's disease]]).


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]

Latest revision as of 15:38, 17 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]

Overview

Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes. 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).

Historical Perspective

  • Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes.[1]
  • Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist, when he described adrenocortical atrophy in 1849 on the autopsy of the adrenal glands of patients, some of which had vitiligo.[2]

Famous Cases

References

  1. Loriaux, D Lynn (2007). "Bartolomeo Eustachi (Eustachius) (1520???1574)". The Endocrinologist. 17 (4): 195. doi:10.1097/TEN.0b013e318141f6f4. ISSN 1051-2144.
  2. Pearce JM (2004). "Thomas Addison (1793-1860)". J R Soc Med. 97 (6): 297–300. PMC 1079500. PMID 15173338.
  3. "Endocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books".


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