Secondary adrenal insufficiency historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{Secondary adrenal insufficiency}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ADS}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Adrenal gland|Suprarenal gland<nowiki/>s]] were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes. 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease). | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*[[Adrenal gland|Suprarenal glands]] were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes.<ref name="Loriaux2007">{{cite journal|last1=Loriaux|first1=D Lynn|title=Bartolomeo Eustachi (Eustachius) (1520???1574)|journal=The Endocrinologist|volume=17|issue=4|year=2007|pages=195|issn=1051-2144|doi=10.1097/TEN.0b013e318141f6f4}}</ref> | |||
*Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist, when he described [[Adrenocortical|adrenocortical atrophy]] in 1849 on the autopsy of the [[Adrenal gland|adrenal glands]] of patients, some of which had [[vitiligo]].<ref name="pmid15173338">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearce JM |title=Thomas Addison (1793-1860) |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=97 |issue=6 |pages=297–300 |year=2004 |pmid=15173338 |pmc=1079500 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
* | |||
*In 1926, Schmidt was the first to discover the association between adrenalitis and [[thyroiditis]], called [[Schmidt's syndrome]], which was expanded by Carpenter in 1964 to include [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1 diabetes mellitu<nowiki/>s]]. | |||
*In | |||
== | *In 1956, Whittaker found an association between hypo-adrenocortolism, [[hypothyroidism]], and [[candidiasis]].<ref name="urlEndocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books">{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W4dZ-URK8ZoC&pg=PA2703&lpg=PA2703&dq=In+1956,+Whittaker+found+an+association+between+hypo-adrenocortical&source=bl&ots=T9hBIj7u3h&sig=in2ImGw7smTTTynT6Gi6YYh7_yo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifzfqA9cXXAhUM6YMKHav0BHoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=In%201956%2C%20Whittaker%20found%20an%20association%20between%20hypo-adrenocortical&f=false |title=Endocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
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*In 1997, AIRE gene [[mutation]]<nowiki/>s were first implicated in the pathogenesis of [[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome|APS]] ([[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome|autoimmune polyglandular syndrome]]). | |||
==Famous Cases== | ==Famous Cases== | ||
* 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had [[primary adrenal insufficiency]] ([[Addison's disease]]). | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:38, 17 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overview
Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes. 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).
Historical Perspective
- Suprarenal glands were discovered by Eustachius in 1563 and were named as Glandulae renis incumbentes.[1]
- Primary adrenal insufficiency was first discovered by Thomas Addison, an English physician, and scientist, when he described adrenocortical atrophy in 1849 on the autopsy of the adrenal glands of patients, some of which had vitiligo.[2]
- In 1926, Schmidt was the first to discover the association between adrenalitis and thyroiditis, called Schmidt's syndrome, which was expanded by Carpenter in 1964 to include type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- In 1956, Whittaker found an association between hypo-adrenocortolism, hypothyroidism, and candidiasis.[3]
- In 1997, AIRE gene mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of APS (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome).
Famous Cases
- 35th USA President John F. Kennedy had primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).
References
- ↑ Loriaux, D Lynn (2007). "Bartolomeo Eustachi (Eustachius) (1520???1574)". The Endocrinologist. 17 (4): 195. doi:10.1097/TEN.0b013e318141f6f4. ISSN 1051-2144.
- ↑ Pearce JM (2004). "Thomas Addison (1793-1860)". J R Soc Med. 97 (6): 297–300. PMC 1079500. PMID 15173338.
- ↑ "Endocrinology - E-Book: Adult and Pediatric - J. Larry Jameson, Leslie J. De Groot - Google Books".