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{| style="margin: 0 0 0em 0em; border: 1px solid #696969; float: left; width:32em" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0";
{| style="margin: 0 0 0em 0em; border: 1px solid #696969; float: left; width:32em" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0";
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Newborn, Age <1 Week}}''
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Basilar Skull Fracture}}''
|-
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ampicillin]] 50 mg/kg IV q8h'''''
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Vancomycin]] 30—60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h'''''
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 100—150 mg/kg/day IV q8—12h'''''
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h'''''<BR> ''OR'' <BR> ▸ '''''[[Ceftriaxone]] 2 g IV q12h'''''<BR><BR>
|-
|}
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Alternative Regimen''
{|
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ampicillin]] 50 mg/kg IV q8h'''''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Gentamicin]] 2.5 mg/kg IV q12h'''''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Newborn, Age 1—4 Weeks}}''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ampicillin]] 200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h'''''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 150—200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h'''''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Alternative Regimen''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ampicillin]] 200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h'''''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Gentamicin]] 2.5 mg/kg IV q8h''''' <BR> OR <BR> ▸ '''''[[Tobramycin]]2.5 mg/kg IV q8h''''' <BR> OR <BR> ▸ '''''[[Amikacin]] 10 mg/kg IV q8h'''''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Infant and Children}}''<sup>†</sup>
|-
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Vancomycin]] 15 mg/kg IV q6h''''' <BR> to achieve serum trough concentrations of 15–20 μg/mL
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 225—300 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h''''' <BR>''OR''<BR> ▸'''''[[Ceftriaxone]] 80—100 mg/kg/day IV q12–24h''''' <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR>
|-
|}
| valign=top |
| valign=top |
{| style="margin: 0 0 0em 0em; border: 1px solid #696969; float: left; width:32em" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0";
{| style="margin: 0 0 0em 0em; border: 1px solid #696969; float: left; width:32em" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0";
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Adult, Age <50 Years}}<sup>†</sup>''
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Head Trauma; Post-Neurosurgery}}''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Vancomycin]] 30–60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h''''' <BR> to achieve serum trough concentrations of 15–20 μg/mL
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h'''''<BR> ''OR'' <BR> ▸'''''[[Ceftriaxone]] 2 g IV q12h'''''
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #F8F8FF" align=center | ''{{fontcolor|#6C7B8B|Adult, Age >50 Years}}''
|-
|-
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 80%; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ''Preferred Regimen''
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Vancomycin]] 30–60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h'''''
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Vancomycin]] 30—60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h'''''
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ampicillin]] 2 g IV q4h'''''
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | AND
|-
|-
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Cefotaxime]] 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h'''''<BR> ''OR'' <BR> ▸'''''[[Ceftriaxone]] 2 g IV q12h'''''
| style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''[[Ceftazidime]] 2 g IV q8 h'''''<BR> ''OR''<BR>▸ '''''[[Cefepime]] 2 g IV q8h'''''<BR>▸ '''''[[Meropenem]] 2 g IV q8h'''''
|}
|}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 20:04, 14 January 2014

Meningitis Main Page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Viral Meningitis
Bacterial Meningitis
Fungal Meningitis

Differential Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Medical Therapy

Empiric Treatment

  • Adjunctive Dexamethasone (0.15 mg/kg IV q6h for 2—4 days) is recommended for both children and adult patients with acute bacterial meningitis.

Community-Acquired Meningitis

Newborn, Age <1 Week
Preferred Regimen
Ampicillin 50 mg/kg IV q8h
AND
Cefotaxime 100—150 mg/kg/day IV q8—12h
Alternative Regimen
Ampicillin 50 mg/kg IV q8h
AND
Gentamicin 2.5 mg/kg IV q12h
Newborn, Age 1—4 Weeks
Preferred Regimen
Ampicillin 200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h
AND
Cefotaxime 150—200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h
Alternative Regimen
Ampicillin 200 mg/kg/day IV q6—8h
AND
Gentamicin 2.5 mg/kg IV q8h
OR
Tobramycin2.5 mg/kg IV q8h
OR
Amikacin 10 mg/kg IV q8h
Infant and Children
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV q6h
to achieve serum trough concentrations of 15–20 μg/mL
AND
Cefotaxime 225—300 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h
OR
Ceftriaxone 80—100 mg/kg/day IV q12–24h



Adult, Age <50 Years
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30–60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
to achieve serum trough concentrations of 15–20 μg/mL
AND
Cefotaxime 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h
OR
Ceftriaxone 2 g IV q12h
Adult, Age >50 Years
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30–60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
AND
Ampicillin 2 g IV q4h
AND
Cefotaxime 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h
OR
Ceftriaxone 2 g IV q12h
Immunocompromised
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30–60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
AND
Ampicillin 2 g IV q4h
AND
Cefepime 2 g IV q8h
OR
Meropenem 2 g IV q8h
Recurrent
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30—60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
AND
Cefotaxime 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h
OR
Ceftriaxone 2 g IV q12h

Add Ampicillin 2 g IV q4h (50 mg/kg IV q6h for children) if meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes is also suspected.

Adapted from Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis. Lancet. 2012;380(9854):1693-702.[1]

Healthcare-Associated Meningitis

Basilar Skull Fracture
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30—60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
AND
Cefotaxime 8–12 g/day IV q4–6h
OR
Ceftriaxone 2 g IV q12h

Head Trauma; Post-Neurosurgery
Preferred Regimen
Vancomycin 30—60 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h
AND
Ceftazidime 2 g IV q8 h
OR
Cefepime 2 g IV q8h
Meropenem 2 g IV q8h

References

  1. van de Beek, D.; Brouwer, MC.; Thwaites, GE.; Tunkel, AR. (2012). "Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis". Lancet. 380 (9854): 1693–702. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61186-6. PMID 23141618. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)