Sandbox:Cherry: Difference between revisions

	Cirrhosis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Cirrhosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
CT
MRI
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case studies
Case #1
Sandbox:Cherry On the Web
Most recent articles
cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sandbox:Cherry All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Sandbox:Cherry
CDC on Sandbox:Cherry
Sandbox:Cherry in the news
Blogs on Sandbox:Cherry
Directions to Hospitals Treating Cirrhosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Sandbox:Cherry

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 00:04, 30 July 2020

Physical examination

References

Template:WH Template:WS

References

Pathophysiology prev

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Pathophysiology prev


Cirrhosis Microchapters
Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cirrhosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Tertiary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case studies

Case #1

Sandbox:Cherry On the Web

Most recent articles

cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sandbox:Cherry All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Sandbox:Cherry

CDC on Sandbox:Cherry

Sandbox:Cherry in the news

Blogs on Sandbox:Cherry

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cirrhosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Sandbox:Cherry

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

History and Symptoms

History should include:
- Appearance of bowel movements
- Travel history
- Associated symptoms
- Immune status
- Woodland exposure

References

Template:WH Template:WS

Other Imaging Findings

Other diagnostic studies

Other Diagnostic Studies

Breath hydrogen test

HIV testing for those patients suspected of having HIV

==

Overview

References

Template:WH Template:WS

Pathophysiology prev

https://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5szNmKtyBW4%7C350}}


Cirrhosis Microchapters
Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cirrhosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Tertiary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case studies

Case #1

Sandbox:Cherry On the Web

Most recent articles

cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sandbox:Cherry All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Sandbox:Cherry

CDC on Sandbox:Cherry

Sandbox:Cherry in the news

Blogs on Sandbox:Cherry

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cirrhosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Sandbox:Cherry

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Video codes

Normal video

Video in table

Floating video

Title
https://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypYI_lmLD7g%7C350}}

Redirect

REDIRECTEsophageal web

synonym website

https://mq.b2i.sg/snow-owl/#!terminology/snomed/10743008

Image

Normal versus Abnormal Barium study of esophagus with varices

Image to the right

Image and text to the right

<figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline> Recent out break of leptospirosis is reported in Bronx, New York and found 3 cases in the months January and February, 2017.

Gallery

Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas^[1]
Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Chromogranin A immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas^[1]
Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Insulin immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. Libre Pathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas

Template:WS Template:WH

REFERENCES

[aaa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. Libre Pathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Physical examination==
-==Overview==
-On gross pathology, peripheral multifocal lesions is the characteristic finding of adenocarcinoma of the lung.<ref>Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Adenocarcinoma_%283950819000%29.jpg </ref> On microscopic histopathological analysis, nuclear atypia, eccentrically placed nuclei, abundant cytoplasm, and conspicuous nucleoli are characteristic findings of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the lung include [[epidermal growth factor receptor|EGFR]], [[HER2]], [[KRAS]], [[anaplastic lymphoma kinase|ALK]], and [[BRAF]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Stewart | first = Bernard | title = World cancer report 2014 | publisher = International Agency for Research on Cancer,Distributed by WHO Press, World Health Organization | location = Lyon, France Geneva, Switzerland | year = 2014 | isbn = 9283204298 }}</ref>
-==Pathogenesis==
-* This cancer usually is seen peripherally in the lungs, as opposed to [[small cell lung cancer]] and [[squamous cell]] lung cancer, which both tend to be more centrally located.<ref name=Travis95>{{cite journal |author=Travis WD, Travis LB, Devesa SS |title=Lung cancer |journal=Cancer |volume=75 |issue=1 Suppl |pages=191–202 |date=January 1995|pmid=8000996 |doi= 10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+<191::AID-CNCR2820751307>3.0.CO;2-Y|url=}}</ref><ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma>{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 13, box on morphology of adenocarcinoma |author=Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson |title=Robbins Basic Pathology|publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |isbn=1-4160-2973-7 |edition=8th}}</ref>
-*Individual susceptibility, active smoking, radon exposure, exposure to high pollution levels, asbestos exposure, occupational or environmental exposure to particular agents or carcinogens. Hydrocarbons cause damage to the DNA and form DNA adducts. Benzo-A-pyrine has effects on inducing p53 mutations and affects molecular signaling pathways such as AKT.
-The “multiple hit theory” for adenocarcinoma of the lung states that genetic reproduction is hindered due to the cumulative effect of several toxic insults. Underlying lung disease such as COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and tuberculosis may exacerbate the process.
-Mutations involving the ras family of oncogenes:
-The ras oncogene family has 3 members:
-H-ras
-K-ras, also determines patient prognosis
-N-ras
-Mutations of ras affect signal transduction by affecting GTPase activity.They are found in 30 percent of cases.
-c-myc
-c-raf
-tumor suppressor genes retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53
-Mutations of APOBEC protein
-==Genetics==
-* Genes involved in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the lung include:<ref>{{cite book | last = Stewart | first = Bernard | title = World cancer report 2014 | publisher = International Agency for Research on Cancer,Distributed by WHO Press, World Health Organization | location = Lyon, France Geneva, Switzerland | year = 2014 | isbn = 9283204298 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17625570">{{cite journal| author=Soda M, Choi YL, Enomoto M, Takada S, Yamashita Y, Ishikawa S et al.| title=Identification of the transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer. | journal=Nature | year= 2007 | volume= 448 | issue= 7153 | pages= 561-6 | pmid=17625570 | doi=10.1038/nature05945 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17625570  }} </ref><ref name="pmid22919003">{{cite journal| author=Davies KD, Le AT, Theodoro MF, Skokan MC, Aisner DL, Berge EM et al.| title=Identifying and targeting ROS1 gene fusions in non-small cell lung cancer. | journal=Clin Cancer Res | year= 2012 | volume= 18 | issue= 17 | pages= 4570-9 | pmid=22919003 | doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0550 | pmc=PMC3703205 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22919003  }} </ref>
-:* [[epidermal growth factor receptor|EGFR]] (7p11)
-:* [[KRAS]] (12p12)
-:* [[BRAF]] (7q34)
-:* PIK3CA (3q26)
-:* ERBB2 (17q12)
-:* Translocation EML4/[[anaplastic lymphoma kinase|ALK]]
-:* Tyrosine kinase fusions
-::* ALK (2p23), ROS1 (6q22), and RET (10q11)
-==Gross Pathology==
-* Peripheral lesions
-* May be multifocal
-===Gallery===
-<gallery>
-Image:
-Lung_adenocarcinoma1.jpg|his subpleural lesion consists mostly of pigmented scar tissue with gray-tan tumor seen predominantly at the periphery.The visceral pleura overlying the tumor is retracted due to traction by underlying scar tissue. This is a good example of what has been called "scar carcinoma". In almost all cases of this type the scar is not a pre-existing lesion but rather represents a desmoplastic reponse to the tumor cells. The basal visceral pleura is involved by tumor<ref>Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Adenocarcinoma_%283950819000%29.jpg </ref>
-</gallery>
-==Microscopic Pathology==
-* Nuclear atypia
-* Eccentrically placed nuclei
-* Abundant cytoplasm
-* Conspicuous nucleoli
-* Nuclear pseudoinclusions
-* Lack of intercellular bridges
-'''Subtypes'''<ref name=libre>Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung#Microscopic Accessed on December 20, 2015</ref>
-* Lepidic predominant
-:* Tumor grows long the alveolar wall
-* Acinar predominant
-:* Berry-shaped glands, smaller than lung acini
-* Papillary predominant
-:* Fibrovascular cores
-* Micropapillary predominant
-:* Nipple shaped projections without fibrovascular cores
-* Solid predominant
-:* Sheet of cells
-===Gallery===
-<gallery>
-Image:
-Lung_adenocarcinoma2.jpg|Micrograph of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. H&E stain. <ref>Acinar adenocarcinoma. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Mucinous_adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung_--_high_mag.jpg </ref>
-Lung_adenocarcinoma3.jpg|Micrograph showing an adenocarcinoma of the lung (acinar pattern). H&E stain. <ref>Mucinous adenocarcinoma. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Acinar_pattern_adenocarcinoma_of_lung_--_intermed_mag.jpg </ref>
-</gallery>
 ==References==
 {{reflist|2}}
@@ Line 77: / Line 5: @@
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}
-[[Category:Primary care]]
-[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 123: / Line 46: @@
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}
-[[Category:Primary care]]
-[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
 ==Other Imaging Findings==
@@ Line 151: / Line 69: @@
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}
-[[Category:Primary care]]
-[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
 ===Pathophysiology prev===
@@ Line 206: / Line 119: @@
 ===Image and text to the right===
-<figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline>[[File:Global distribution of leptospirosis.jpg|577x577px]]</figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline> Recent out break of leptospirosis is reported in Bronx, New York and found 3 cases in the months January and February, 2017.
+<figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline>[[File:Global distribution of leptospirosis.jpg|577x577px]]</figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline> Recent out break of leptospirosis is reported in Bronx, New York and found 3 cases in the months January and February, 2017.
 ===Gallery===
@@ Line 221: / Line 134: @@
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
-[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Hepatology]]
-[[Category:Disease]]
 {{WS}}
 {{WH}}
@@ Line 232: / Line 140: @@
 REFERENCES
 <references />
+[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
+[[Category:Needs overview]]
+[[Category:Hepatology]]
+[[Category:Disease]]

Sandbox:Cherry: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:04, 30 July 2020

Physical examination

References

References

Pathophysiology prev

Pathophysiology prev

History and Symptoms

References

Other Imaging Findings

Other diagnostic studies

Other Diagnostic Studies

Overview

References

Pathophysiology prev

Video codes

Normal video

Video in table

Floating video

Redirect

synonym website

Image

Image to the right

Image and text to the right

Gallery

References

Navigation menu