Salmonellosis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [2] João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]
Overview
Patients with Salmonellosis typically present with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, acute diarrhea that may be bloody, and fever.[1]
History
The initial evaluation of the patient should assess the severity of the disease, the need for rehydration and a detailed history, to identify the likely cause of the disease.[2]
A detailed history, particularly of the 72 hours prior to presenting to the doctor is essential for the correct diagnosis of salmonellosis. A recent travel history, family members or close friends with similar symptoms, and details of meals from the past 72 hours should be asked. If the patient is a child or is unable to communicate, then this information should be obtains from the family member or person accompanying the patient.[2]
History of recently taken antibiotics should also be asked, as well as day-care attendance.[2]
Common Symptoms
Symptoms of salmonellosis are often undistinguishable from those caused by other pathogens. These often have an acute onset, and may include:[1]
- Fever
- Cramping abdominal pain
- Diarrhea - may consist of nonbloody, loose stools, in moderate volume, or large volume of watery, bloody stool
In children, the infection is associated with a longer duration, as well as increased frequency of bloody diarrhea.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Coburn B, Grassl GA, Finlay BB (2007). "Salmonella, the host and disease: a brief review". Immunol Cell Biol. 85 (2): 112–8. doi:10.1038/sj.icb.7100007. PMID 17146467.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Thielman NM, Guerrant RL (2004). "Clinical practice. Acute infectious diarrhea". N Engl J Med. 350 (1): 38–47. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp031534. PMID 14702426.