Rifabutin: Difference between revisions

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{{drugbox
| IUPAC_name = (9''S'',12''E'',14''S'',15''R'',16''S'',17''R'',18''R'',19''R'',20''S'',<br>21''S'',22''E'',24''Z'')-6,16,18,20-tetrahydroxy-1'-<br>isobutyl-14-methoxy-7,9,15,17,19,21,25-<br>hepta-methyl-spiro[9,4-(epoxypentadeca<br>[1,11,13]trienimino)-2''H''-furo-[2',3':7,8]-naphth<br>[1,2-''d'']imidazol-2,4'-piperidin]-5,10,26-(3''H'',9''H'')-<br>trione-16-acetate
| image = Rifabutin.png
| CAS_number = 72559-06-9
| ATC_prefix = J04
| ATC_suffix = AB04
| PubChem = 6323490
| DrugBank = APRD00094
| C = 46 |H = 62 |N = 4 |O = 11
| molecular_weight = 847.005 [[Gram|g]]/[[Mole (unit)|mol]]
| bioavailability = 85%
| protein_bound = 85%
| metabolism = [[Liver|Hepatic]]
| elimination_half-life = 28 to 62 [[hour]]s (mean)
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]] and fecal
| pregnancy_category = C <small>([[Australia|Au]])</small>, B <small>([[United States|U.S.]])</small>
| legal_status = [[Prescription drug|POM]] <small>([[United Kingdom|UK]])</small>, ℞-only <small>(U.S.)<small>
| routes_of_administration = Oral
}}
{{SI}}


__NOTOC__
{{Rifabutin}}
{{CMG}} ;  {{AE}}  {{chetan}}


'''Rifabutin''' is a [[bactericidal]] [[antibiotic]] drug primarily used in the treatment of [[tuberculosis]]. The drug is a semi-synthetic derivative of [[rifamycin]] S. Its effect is based on blocking the DNA-dependend RNA-polymerase of the bacteria. It is effective against [[Gram-positive]] and some [[Gram-negative]] bacteria, but also against the highly resistant [[Mycobacteria]], e.g. ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]'', ''[[Mycobacterium leprae|M. leprae]]'' and ''[[Mycobacterium avium intracellulare|M. avium intracellulare]]''.
==Overview==


==History==
==Category==
Scientists at the Italian drug company Achifar discovered rifabutin in 1975. Eventually Archifar became part of
Farmitalia Carlo Erba, a unit of the conglomerate Montedison. This company's Adria Laboratories subsidiary filed for [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approval of rifabutin under the brand name '''Mycobutin&reg;''' in the early [[1990s]]. The drug gained FDA approval in [[December 1992]].


==Other indications==
==US Brand Names==
Rifabutin is used in the treatment of [[mycobacterium avium complex]] disease, a bacterial infection most commonly encountered in late-stage [[AIDS]] patients.


Rifabutin is well tolerated in patients with HIV-related tuberculosis (TB), but patients with low CD4 cell counts have a high risk of treatment failure or relapse due to acquired rifamycin resistance, a new study found.
==FDA Package Insert==
'''[[Rifabutin description|Description]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin microbiology|Microbiology]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin compatibility reconstitution and stability|Compatibility, Reconstitution, and Stability]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin directions for use|Directions For Use]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin how supplied|How Supplied]]'''
'''| [[Rifabutin labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


Since patients co-infected with TB and HIV / AIDS are likely to get TB treated first, doctors and patients should be aware of a possible rifamycin resistance issue, if the CD4 is so suppressed at the time TB treatment is to begin.
==Mechanisms of Action==


==Supply==
==References==
Rifabutin is now sold in the U.S. market by [[Pfizer]].
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
[[Category:Antibiotics]]
*[http://v3.espacenet.com/origdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US3150046&F=0&QPN=US3150046 U.S. Patent 3,150,046 to Achifar].
[[Category:Wikinfect]]
{{Antimycobacterials}}
[[Category:Rifamycin antibiotics]]
 
 
 
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Revision as of 23:10, 30 December 2013


Rifabutin
MYCOBUTIN® FDA Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage
Dosage and Administration
How Supplied
Labels and Packages

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Category

US Brand Names

FDA Package Insert

Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Microbiology | Indications and Usage | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Overdosage | Clinical Studies | Dosage and Administration | Compatibility, Reconstitution, and Stability | Directions For Use | How Supplied | Labels and Packages

Mechanisms of Action

References

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