Q fever epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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{{Q fever}} | {{Q fever}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Q fever is more prevalent in the elderly and in males. It has been a [[notifiable disease]] in the US since 1999. Q fever is underreported, thus scientists cannot reliably assess its incidence.<ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people | * Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people; however, it is often seen in various age groups. | ||
* Q fever is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live on a farm. | |||
* In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever usually presents as [[pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid18452690">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF |title=Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=83 |issue=5 |pages=574–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18452690 |doi=10.4065/83.5.574 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
* Due to differing employment rates in typical professions that predispose people to contracting Q fever, men are more often affected than women.<ref name="pmid10515901">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maurin M, Raoult D |title=Q fever |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=518–53 |year=1999 |pmid=10515901 |pmc=88923 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Developed Countries=== | ===Developed Countries=== | ||
In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries. In Europe | * In 1999, Q fever became a [[notifiable disease]] in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries. | ||
* In Europe, Q fever often presents as [[hepatitis]] rather than [[pneumonia]] as it does in the United States.<ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Developing Countries=== | ===Developing Countries=== | ||
[[Coxiella burnetii|C. | * [[Coxiella burnetii|''C. burnetii'']] is found everywhere except in Antarctica and New Zealand. | ||
* Q fever infections are often [[subclinical]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:55, 29 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
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Overview
Q fever is more prevalent in the elderly and in males. It has been a notifiable disease in the US since 1999. Q fever is underreported, thus scientists cannot reliably assess its incidence.[1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
- Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people; however, it is often seen in various age groups.
- Q fever is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live on a farm.
- In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever usually presents as pneumonia.[2]
Gender
- Due to differing employment rates in typical professions that predispose people to contracting Q fever, men are more often affected than women.[3]
Developed Countries
- In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries.
- In Europe, Q fever often presents as hepatitis rather than pneumonia as it does in the United States.[1]
Developing Countries
- C. burnetii is found everywhere except in Antarctica and New Zealand.
- Q fever infections are often subclinical.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ (2008). "Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak". Neth J Med. 66 (9): 365–7. PMID 18931396.
- ↑ Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF (2008). "Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment". Mayo Clin. Proc. 83 (5): 574–9. doi:10.4065/83.5.574. PMID 18452690.
- ↑ Maurin M, Raoult D (1999). "Q fever". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12 (4): 518–53. PMC 88923. PMID 10515901.