Primary hyperaldosteronism causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

Common causes of primary hyperaldosteronism include aldosterone-secreting adenoma, bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal glands and ectopic secretion of aldosterone from ovaries and kidneys. Less common causes of primary hyperaldosteronism include familial hyperaldosteronism types I-III, pure aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinomas and unilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal gland.

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of Conn's Syndrome may be divided into:

• Adrenal causes:
  • Aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma (APA-benign tumor, 50-60%)
  • Idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA-Bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal gland, 40-50%)
• Extra-adrenal causes
  • Ectopic secretion of aldosterone (Ovaries and Kidneys)

Less Common Causes

• Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism [GRA])
• Familial hyperaldosteronism II (the familial occurrence of APA or bilateral idiopathic hyperplasia or both)
• Familial hyperaldosteronism type III (associated with the germline mutation in the KCNJ5 potassium channel)
• Pure aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinomas
• Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia