Primary biliary cirrhosis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
• The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
• If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

Complications

• Common complications of [disease name] include:
  • [complication 1]
  • [complication 2]
  • [complication 3]

Prognosis

Prognosis is generally good with the mild disease and early treatment with Ursodeoxycholic acid. Factors associated with poor prognosis include:

• Advanced disease
• Co existing autoimmune disorders such as Sicca syndrome, thyroiditis, and scleroderma
• Symptomatic disease
• Increased levels of Alkaline PO4ase and bilirubin levels at the time of diagnosis
• Stage III and IV disease on histological examination
• Presence of Antinuclear antibodies( antiGp210, antiSp100)
• Cigarette Smoking
• Genetic polymporphism