Pineoblastoma: Difference between revisions
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===Gross Pathology=== | ===Gross Pathology=== | ||
On gross pathology, pineoblastoma is characterized by solid, large poorly defined masses.<ref name=pathopb2>Radiographic features of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015</ref> | On gross pathology, pineoblastoma is characterized by solid, large poorly defined masses.<ref name=pathopb2>Radiographic features of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015</ref> | ||
===Gallery=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Gross pathology of pineoblastoma.jpg|<sub>An autopsy specimen showing a rather large pineal tumor. It was a pineoblastoma composed of highly cellular sheets of anaplastic cells with irregular hyperchromatic nuclei and brisk mitotic activity – resembling medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma.<ref name=grossimage1>Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pineoblastoma-gross-pathology here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref> | |||
===Microscopic Pathology=== | ===Microscopic Pathology=== |
Revision as of 18:25, 1 December 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Pineoblastomas; Pinealoblastoma; Pinealoblastomas; PB; Pineal parenchymal tumor; Pineal gland tumor; Brain tumor
Overview
Pineoblastoma is a rare, malignant pineal parenchymal tumor. It is a supratentorial midline primitive neuroectodermal tumor. It is considered as a WHO grade IV tumor according to the WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system.[1][2]
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
Pineoblastoma originates from the neuroectodermal cells. It is the least differentiated pineal gland tumors, with pineocytoma and pineal parenchymal tumour with intermediate differentiation representing better differentiated tumors along the same spectrum.[3]
Associated Conditions
Pineoblastoma may occur in patients with hereditary uni- or bilateral retinoblastoma. When retinoblastoma patients present with pineoblastoma, this is characterized as "trilateral retinoblastoma".[2]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, pineoblastoma is characterized by solid, large poorly defined masses.[4]
Gallery
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An autopsy specimen showing a rather large pineal tumor. It was a pineoblastoma composed of highly cellular sheets of anaplastic cells with irregular hyperchromatic nuclei and brisk mitotic activity – resembling medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma.[5]
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Pineal calcification: exploded calcification of tumors of pineal cell origin, whereas engulfed calcification by germinomas.[6]
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Single head CT image demonstrates a soft tissue mass in the region of the pineal gland with eccentric calcification (anterior) and evidence of hydrocephalus.[7]
MRI
- Brain MRI may be diagnostic of pineoblastoma.
- Features on MRI suggestive of pineoblastoma include:[8]
MRI component | Findings |
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T1 |
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T2 |
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T1 with gadolinium contrast |
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Diffuse weighted imaging/Apparent diffusion coefficient |
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Treatment
The predominant therapy for pineoblastoma is surgical resection. Adjunctive chemotherapy and radiation may be required.[9]
References
- ↑ General features of pineoblastoma. Libre Pathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Pineal_gland#Pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pinealoblastoma. Wikipedia 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinealoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ Pathology of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ Radiographic features of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
- ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
- ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Michael Sargent. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
- ↑ Radiographic features MRI of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ Treatment and prognosis of pineoblastoma. Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineoblastoma. Accessed on December 1, 2015