Phenoxybenzamine: Difference between revisions

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{{drugbox
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
| IUPAC_name = N-benzyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)-1-phenoxy-propan-2-amine
|authorTag=
| image = Phenoxybenzamine.png
 
| CAS_number = 59-96-1
Gerald Chi
| ATC_prefix = C04
 
| ATC_suffix = AX02
<!--Overview-->
| ATC_supplemental =  
 
| PubChem = 4768
|genericName=
| DrugBank = APRD00651
 
| C=18 | H=22 | Cl=1 | N=1 | O=1
 
| molecular_weight = 303.826 g/mol
 
| bioavailability =  
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| elimination_half-life = 24 hours
 
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__NOTOC__
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==Overview==
<!--Pill Image-->
'''Phenoxybenzamine''' (marketed under the trade name Dibenzyline) is a non-specific, irreversible [[alpha blocker]] used in the treatment of [[hypertension]], and specifically that caused by [[pheochromocytoma]]. It has a slower onset and a longer lasting effect compared with other alpha blockers.
It was also the first [[alpha blocker]] to be used for treatment of [[benign prostatic hyperplasia]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=Caine M, Perlberg S, Meretyk S |title=A placebo-controlled double-blind study of the effect of phenoxybenzamine in benign prostatic obstruction |journal=British journal of urology |volume=50 |issue=7 |pages=551–4 |year=1978 |pmid=88984 |doi=}}</ref> although it is currently seldom used for that indication due to an unfavourable side effects profile.


==Pharmacology==
{{PillImage
Phenoxybenzamine is used as an anti-hypertensive due to its efficacy in reducing the vasoconstriction caused by adrenaline and noradrenaline. Phenoxybenzamine forms a permanent covalent bond with adrenergic receptors.  Based on what we know about the structures of these receptors, it likely involves attack by the cysteine at position 3.36 in transmembrane helix 3 to form a stable linkage.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Frang H, Cockcroft V, Karskela T, Scheinin M, Marjamäki A |title=Phenoxybenzamine binding reveals the helical orientation of the third transmembrane domain of adrenergic receptors |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue=33 |pages=31279–84 |year=2001 |pmid=11395517 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M104167200}}</ref>  Thus, it remains permanently bound to the receptor, preventing adrenaline and noradrenaline from binding. This causes vasodilatation in blood vessels, due to its antagonistic effect at the alpha-1 adrenoceptor found in the walls of blood vessels, resulting in a drop in blood pressure.
|fileName=No image.jpg|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.
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It will also affect the alpha 1 and 2 receptors found in the nervous system, where this will reduce sympathetic activity. This is due to its effect on the postsynaptic membrane adrenoceptors in the second synapse of the sympathetic nervous pathway, and will therefore reduce the 'fight or flight' output of the sympathetic nervous system. This results in further general vasodilation, pupil constriction, an increase in GI tract motility and secretions, and glycogen synthesis.
<!--Label Display Image-->


It also has [[partial agonist]]/[[antagonist]] properties at the [[serotonin]] [[5-HT2A receptor]].
{{LabelImage
|fileName={{PAGENAME}}11.png|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.
}}


==References==
{{LabelImage
{{reflist|2}}
|fileName={{PAGENAME}}11.png|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.
*Day, M.D. (1979). ''Autonomic Pharmacology Experimental and Clinical Aspects''. Churchill Livingstone.
}}
*Bullock, S. Galbraith, A. Hunt, B. Manias, E. and Richards, A. (1999). ''Fundamentals of Pharmacology''. Pearson Education Limited publishing as Prentice Hall.<br><br>


{{Peripheral vasodilators}}
<!--Category-->


[[Category:Alpha blockers]]
[[Category:Alpha blockers]]

Revision as of 15:45, 26 July 2014

Phenoxybenzamine
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gerald Chi

Disclaimer

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Black Box Warning

Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
ConditionName:
  • Content

Overview

Phenoxybenzamine is a that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of . There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include .

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition3
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition4
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Phenoxybenzamine in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Phenoxybenzamine in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Phenoxybenzamine in pediatric patients.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Phenoxybenzamine in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Phenoxybenzamine in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • Condition1

Warnings

Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
ConditionName:
  • Content
  • Description

Precautions

  • Description

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Drug Interactions

  • Drug
  • Description

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA):

  • Pregnancy Category


Pregnancy Category (AUS):

  • Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Phenoxybenzamine in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Phenoxybenzamine during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine with respect to nursing mothers.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine with respect to pediatric patients.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Phenoxybenzamine in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Phenoxybenzamine in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Oral
  • Intravenous

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

  • Description

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Overdosage

Acute Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

  • Description

Management

  • Description

Chronic Overdose

There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Phenoxybenzamine Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

Structure

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

How Supplied

Storage

There is limited information regarding Phenoxybenzamine Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Phenoxybenzamine |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Phenoxybenzamine |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Phenoxybenzamine in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Phenoxybenzamine interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

  1. Empty citation (help)
  2. "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)


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