Pancreatitis causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
Common causes of pancreatitis include [[alcoholism]], [[gallstones]], [[hypertriglyceridemia]], [[ERCP]], pancreatic tumors, and medications such as [[5-Mercaptopurine]] and [[Azathioprine]]. | |||
==Causes== | |||
===Life Threatening Causes=== | ===Life Threatening Causes=== | ||
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause. | Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause. | ||
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* [[Hypertriglyceridemia]] 1-4% cases <ref name="Fortson-1995">{{Cite journal | last1 = Fortson | first1 = MR. | last2 = Freedman | first2 = SN. | last3 = Webster | first3 = PD. | title = Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis. | journal = Am J Gastroenterol | volume = 90 | issue = 12 | pages = 2134-9 | month = Dec | year = 1995 | doi = | PMID = 8540502 }}</ref> | * [[Hypertriglyceridemia]] 1-4% cases <ref name="Fortson-1995">{{Cite journal | last1 = Fortson | first1 = MR. | last2 = Freedman | first2 = SN. | last3 = Webster | first3 = PD. | title = Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis. | journal = Am J Gastroenterol | volume = 90 | issue = 12 | pages = 2134-9 | month = Dec | year = 1995 | doi = | PMID = 8540502 }}</ref> | ||
* Medication such as [[mercaptopurine|5-mercaptopurine]], [[azathioprine]], [[5-DDI]]<ref name="Yi-2012">{{Cite journal | last1 = Yi | first1 = GC. | last2 = Yoon | first2 = KH. | last3 = Hwang | first3 = JB. | title = Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease. | journal = Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 272-5 | month = Dec | year = 2012 | doi = 10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272 | PMID = 24010098 }}</ref> | * Medication such as [[mercaptopurine|5-mercaptopurine]], [[azathioprine]], [[Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate]], [[5-DDI]]<ref name="Yi-2012">{{Cite journal | last1 = Yi | first1 = GC. | last2 = Yoon | first2 = KH. | last3 = Hwang | first3 = JB. | title = Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease. | journal = Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 272-5 | month = Dec | year = 2012 | doi = 10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272 | PMID = 24010098 }}</ref> | ||
* [[Pancreatic tumor]]<ref name="Köhler-1987">{{Cite journal | last1 = Köhler | first1 = H. | last2 = Lankisch | first2 = PG. | title = Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma. | journal = Pancreas | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = 117-9 | month = | year = 1987 | doi = | PMID = 2437571 }}</ref> | * [[Pancreatic tumor]]<ref name="Köhler-1987">{{Cite journal | last1 = Köhler | first1 = H. | last2 = Lankisch | first2 = PG. | title = Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma. | journal = Pancreas | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = 117-9 | month = | year = 1987 | doi = | PMID = 2437571 }}</ref> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning''' | |bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atheroembolism ]], [[Cholesterol embolism]], [[Hemorrhagic shock ]], [[Hypotension]], [[Intraoperative hypotension]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atheroembolism ]], [[Cholesterol embolism]], [[Hemorrhagic shock ]], [[Hypotension]], [[Hypotension|Intraoperative hypotension]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Drug Side Effect''' | | '''Drug Side Effect''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[6-mercaptopurine]], [[Acetaminophen]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Arabinoside]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Azodisalicylate]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Bezafibrate]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Chlorothiazide]], [[Clomiphene]], [[Clozapine]], [[Cytosine]], [[Dapsone]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Didanosine]], [[Enalapril]], [[Enfuvirtide]], [[Erythromycin]], [[Estrogen]], [[Exenatide]], [[Frusemide]], [[Furosemide]], [[Ifosfamide]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Lamivudine]], [[Linagliptin]], [[Liraglutide]], [[Losartan]], [[Meglumine]], [[Mesalamine]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methimazole]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Metronidazole]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Olsalazine]], [[Omeprazole]], [[Oxyphenbutazone]], [[Pegaspargase]], [[Pentamidine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Ponatinib]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Premarin]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propofol]], [[Pyritonol]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitagliptin]], [[Stavudine]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[6-mercaptopurine]], [[Acetaminophen]], [[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]], [[Alogliptin]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Arabinoside]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi]], [[Azathioprine]], [[olsalazine|Azodisalicylate]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Bezafibrate]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Chlorothiazide]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Clomiphene]], [[Clozapine]], [[Cytarabine]], [[Cytosine]], [[dabrafenib mesylate]], [[Dapsone]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Didanosine]], [[Dapsone]], [[Doxercalciferol]], [[Enalapril]], [[Enfuvirtide]], [[Eribulin]], [[Erythromycin]], [[Estrogen]], [[Exenatide]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Frusemide]], [[Furosemide]], [[Indinavir]], [[Ifosfamide]], [[Hydrochlorothiazide]], [[interferon alfacon-1]], [[Interferon gamma]], [[Interferon alfa-2b ]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Lamivudine]], [[Linagliptin]], [[Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride]], [[Liraglutide]], [[Losartan]], [[Meglumine antimoniate|Meglumine]], [[Mesalamine]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methimazole]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methylprednisolone]], [[Metronidazole]], [[Minocycline hydrochloride]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nilotinib]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Nivolumab]], [[Olsalazine]], [[Omeprazole]], [[Oxaliplatin]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Oxyphenbutazone]], [[Pegaspargase]], [[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[Pentamidine]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Ponatinib]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Premarin]], [[Prednisone]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propofol]], [[Pyritonol]], [[ Prednisolone]], [[Repaglinide]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Saquinavir mesylate]], [[Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitagliptin]], [[Somatropin]],[[Stavudine]], [[Sodium stibogluconate]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Sulfamethoxazole]], [[Sulindac]], [[Sulfasalazine]] ,[[Tamoxifen]], [[Teduglutide]], [[Tetracycline]], [[Thalidomide]], [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Zalcitabine]], [[methyldopa|α-methyldopa]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Endocrine''' | | '''Endocrine''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Gastroenterologic''' | | '''Gastroenterologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute gestational fatty liver]], [[Acute hepatic porphyrias]], [[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[Biliary sludge]], [[Choledochal cyst]], [[Choledocholithiasis]], [[Cholelithiasis]], [[Duodenal ulcer]], [[Gallstones]], [[Gastric ulcer]], [[Hepatitis | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[fatty liver|Acute gestational fatty liver]], [[porphyria|Acute hepatic porphyrias]], [[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[gallbladder disease|Biliary sludge]], [[Choledochal cyst]], [[Choledocholithiasis]], [[Cholelithiasis]], [[Duodenal ulcer]], [[Gallstones]], [[Gastric ulcer]], [[Hepatitis B ]], [[Hereditary pancreatitis]], [[Gallstones|Microlithiasis]], [[Pancreas|Pancreatic cysts]], [[Pancreatic pseudocyst]], [[Porphyrias]], [[Reye syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Iatrogenic''' | | '''Iatrogenic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ERCP]], [[Partial pancreas resection]], | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[ERCP]], [[Partial pancreas resection]], Posttransplantation | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Infectious Disease''' | | '''Infectious Disease''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascariasis]], [[Aspergillus]], [[Campylobacter jejuni]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Cryptosporidium]], [[Cytomegalovirus]], [[Fungal infections]], [[Herpes simplex]], [[HIV]], [[Human enterovirus b]], [[Legionella]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascariasis]], [[Aspergillus]], [[Campylobacter jejuni]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Cryptosporidium]], [[Cytomegalovirus]], [[Fungal infections]], [[Herpes simplex]], [[HIV]], [[Human enterovirus b]], [[Legionella]], [[Leptospira]], [[Leukocytosis]], [[Mumps]], [[Mycoplasma]], [[Salmonella]], [[Teniasis]], [[Toxoplasma]], [[Varicella zoster]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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*[[Acetaminophen]] | *[[Acetaminophen]] | ||
*[[Acute gestational fatty liver]] | *[[fatty liver|Acute gestational fatty liver]] | ||
*[[Acute hepatic porphyrias]] | *[[porphyrias|Acute hepatic porphyrias]] | ||
*[[Acute intermittent porphyria]] | *[[Acute intermittent porphyria]] | ||
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*[[Alcoholism]] | *[[Alcoholism]] | ||
*[[All-trans | *[[All-trans retinoic acid]] | ||
*[[Aminoaciduria]] | *[[Aminoaciduria]] | ||
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*[[Amiodarone]] | *[[Amiodarone]] | ||
*[[Apolipoprotein c- | *[[apolipoprotein|Apolipoprotein c-II deficiency]] | ||
*[[Arabinoside]] | *[[cytarabine|Arabinoside]] | ||
*[[Ascariasis]] | *[[Ascariasis]] | ||
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*[[Autoimmune pancreatitis]] | *[[Autoimmune pancreatitis]] | ||
*[[Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis]] | *[[acute pancreatitis|Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis]] | ||
*[[Azathioprine]] | *[[Azathioprine]] | ||
*[[Azodisalicylate]] | *[[olsalazine|Azodisalicylate]] | ||
*[[Bexarotene]] | *[[Bexarotene]] | ||
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*[[Bezafibrate]] | *[[Bezafibrate]] | ||
*[[Biliary sludge]] | *[[Gallbladder disease|Biliary sludge]] | ||
*[[Blunt trauma]] | *[[Blunt trauma]] | ||
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*[[Cholesterol embolism]] | *[[Cholesterol embolism]] | ||
*[[Cidofovir]] | |||
*[[Clomiphene]] | *[[Clomiphene]] | ||
| Line 209: | Line 214: | ||
*[[Codeine]] | *[[Codeine]] | ||
*[[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1]] | *[[Cytarabine]] | ||
*[[Lipodystrophy|Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1]] | |||
*[[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2]] | *[[Lipodystrophy|Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2]] | ||
*[[Coxsackievirus]] | *[[Coxsackievirus]] | ||
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*[[Duodenal ulcer]] | *[[Duodenal ulcer]] | ||
*[[Ectopic pancreas]] | *[[Pancreas|Ectopic pancreas]] | ||
*[[Efavirenz]] | |||
*[[Enalapril]] | *[[Enalapril]] | ||
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*[[Enfuvirtide]] | *[[Enfuvirtide]] | ||
*[[ | *[[ERCP]] | ||
*[[Eribulin]] | |||
*[[Erythromycin]] | *[[Erythromycin]] | ||
*[[Erythropoietic protoporphyria.]] | *[[Porphyria|Erythropoietic protoporphyria.]] | ||
*[[Estrogen]] | *[[Estrogen]] | ||
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*[[Hemorrhagic shock ]] | *[[Hemorrhagic shock ]] | ||
*[[Hepatitis | *[[Hepatitis B ]] | ||
*[[Hereditary coproporphyria]] | *[[Hereditary coproporphyria]] | ||
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*[[Herpes simplex]] | *[[Herpes simplex]] | ||
*[[ | *[[HIV]] | ||
*[[Human enterovirus | *[[Human enterovirus B]] | ||
*[[Hypercalcaemia]] | *[[Hypercalcaemia]] | ||
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*[[Idiopathic]] | *[[Idiopathic]] | ||
*[[Indinavir]] | |||
*[[Ifosfamide]] | *[[Ifosfamide]] | ||
*[[Intraoperative hypotension]] | *[[Interferon gamma]] | ||
*[[Hypotension|Intraoperative hypotension]] | |||
*[[Isoniazid]] | *[[Isoniazid]] | ||
*[[Janumet]] ([[sitagliptin]] and [[metformin]]) | |||
*[[Lamivudine]] | *[[Lamivudine]] | ||
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*[[Legionella]] | *[[Legionella]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Leptospira]] | ||
*[[Leukocytosis]] | *[[Leukocytosis]] | ||
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*[[Losartan]] | *[[Losartan]] | ||
*[[Meglumine]] | *[[Meglumine antimoniate|Meglumine]] | ||
*[[Mesalamine]] | *[[Mesalamine]] | ||
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*[[Metronidazole]] | *[[Metronidazole]] | ||
*[[Microlithiasis]] | *[[Gallstones|Microlithiasis]] | ||
*[[Mumps]] | *[[Mumps]] | ||
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{{col-break|width=33%}} | {{col-break|width=33%}} | ||
* | * Necrotizing vascular angiitis | ||
*[[Nelfinavir]] | *[[Nelfinavir]] | ||
*[[Nitrofurantoin]] | *[[Nitrofurantoin]] | ||
*[[Mestranol]] | *[[Mestranol]] | ||
*[[Omeprazole]] | *[[Omeprazole]] | ||
*[[Oxaprozin]] | |||
*[[Oxyphenbutazone]] | *[[Oxyphenbutazone]] | ||
*[[Pancreas divisum]] | *[[Pancreas divisum]] | ||
*[[Pancreatic cancer]] | *[[Pancreatic cancer]] | ||
*[[Pancreatic cysts]] | *[[Pancreas|Pancreatic cysts]] | ||
*[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]] | *[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]] | ||
*[[Partial pancreas resection]] | *[[Pancreas|Partial pancreas resection]] | ||
*[[Pegaspargase]] | *[[Pegaspargase]] | ||
*[[Penetrating trauma]] | *[[Penetrating trauma]] | ||
*[[Pentamidine]] | *[[Pentamidine]] | ||
*[[Pergolide]] | |||
*[[Phenylbutazone]] | *[[Phenylbutazone]] | ||
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | *[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | ||
*[[Ponatinib]] | *[[Ponatinib]] | ||
*[[Porphyrias]] | *[[Porphyrias]] | ||
* | * Post transplantation | ||
*[[Pravastatin]] | *[[Pravastatin]] | ||
*[[Pregnancy ]] | *[[Pregnancy ]] | ||
*[[Premarin]] | *[[Premarin]] | ||
*[[Prednisone]] | |||
*[[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]] | |||
*[[Procainamide]] | *[[Procainamide]] | ||
*[[Propofol]] | *[[Propofol]] | ||
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*[[Reye syndrome]] | *[[Reye syndrome]] | ||
*[[Salmonella]] | *[[Salmonella]] | ||
*[[Saquinavir mesylate]] | |||
*[[Simvastatin]] | *[[Simvastatin]] | ||
*[[Sitagliptin]] | *[[Sitagliptin]] | ||
*[[Smoking]] | *[[Smoking]] | ||
*[[Stavudine]] | *[[Stavudine]] | ||
*[[Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]] | *[[Pancreas|Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]] | ||
*[[Sodium stibogluconate]] | *[[Sodium stibogluconate]] | ||
*[[Sorafenib]] | |||
*[[Sulfamethoxazole]] | *[[Sulfamethoxazole]] | ||
*[[Sulindac]] | *[[Sulindac]] | ||
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*[[Teduglutide]] | *[[Teduglutide]] | ||
*[[Teniasis]] | *[[Teniasis]] | ||
* [[Tenofovir]] disoproxil fumarate | |||
*[[Tetracycline]] | *[[Tetracycline]] | ||
*[[Thallium]] | *[[Thallium]] | ||
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*[[Toxoplasma]] | *[[Toxoplasma]] | ||
*[[Trauma]] | *[[Trauma]] | ||
*[[Trimethoprim- | *[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] | ||
*[[Valproic acid]] | *[[Valproic acid]] | ||
*[[Varicella zoster]] | *[[Varicella zoster]] | ||
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*[[Zalcitabine]] | *[[Zalcitabine]] | ||
*[[Zinc]] | *[[Zinc]] | ||
*[[α-methyldopa]] | *[[methyldopa|α-methyldopa]] | ||
{{col-end}} | {{col-end}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammations]] | [[Category:Inflammations]] | ||
[[Category:Abdominal pain]] | [[Category:Abdominal pain]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Needs causes]] | [[Category:Needs causes]] | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | [[Category:Needs overview]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:33, 29 July 2020
|
Pancreatitis Main Page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Common causes of pancreatitis include alcoholism, gallstones, hypertriglyceridemia, ERCP, pancreatic tumors, and medications such as 5-Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause.
Common Causes
- Gallstones 35-40% [2]
- Hypertriglyceridemia 1-4% cases [3]
- Medication such as 5-mercaptopurine, azathioprine, Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate, 5-DDI[4]
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Yang, AL.; Vadhavkar, S.; Singh, G.; Omary, MB. (2008). "Epidemiology of alcohol-related liver and pancreatic disease in the United States". Arch Intern Med. 168 (6): 649–56. doi:10.1001/archinte.168.6.649. PMID 18362258. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Forsmark, CE.; Baillie, J. (2007). "AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis". Gastroenterology. 132 (5): 2022–44. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.065. PMID 17484894. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Fortson, MR.; Freedman, SN.; Webster, PD. (1995). "Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis". Am J Gastroenterol. 90 (12): 2134–9. PMID 8540502. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Yi, GC.; Yoon, KH.; Hwang, JB. (2012). "Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease". Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 15 (4): 272–5. doi:10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272. PMID 24010098. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Köhler, H.; Lankisch, PG. (1987). "Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma". Pancreas. 2 (1): 117–9. PMID 2437571.