Pancreatitis causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
Common causes of pancreatitis include [[alcoholism]], [[gallstones]], [[hypertriglyceridemia]], [[ERCP]], pancreatic tumors, and medications such as [[5-Mercaptopurine]] and [[Azathioprine]].


==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause.
* Life threatening causes do not include chronic conditions.
* Make sure to include the following definition underneath the subheading of every life threatening causes section: Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
* The list of life threatening causes is arranged in alphabetical order.
* If the page's disease is itself life-threatening, do not add causes in the life-threatening causes section. Instead, write the following sentence under the subheading: Disease name is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes.  Life-threatening conditions may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
* This section is to outline the most common causes of the disease or condition you are describing.
* [[Alcohol]] 30% <ref name="Yang-2008">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Yang | first1 = AL. | last2 = Vadhavkar | first2 = S. | last3 = Singh | first3 = G. | last4 = Omary | first4 = MB. | title = Epidemiology of alcohol-related liver and pancreatic disease in the United States. | journal = Arch Intern Med | volume = 168 | issue = 6 | pages = 649-56 | month = Mar | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1001/archinte.168.6.649 | PMID = 18362258 }}</ref>
* This can be done in a list form where causes are arranged in alphabetical order.
 
* [[Gallstones]] 35-40% <ref name="Forsmark-2007">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Forsmark | first1 = CE. | last2 = Baillie | first2 = J. | title = AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 132 | issue = 5 | pages = 2022-44 | month = May | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.065 | PMID = 17484894 }}</ref>
 
* [[Hypertriglyceridemia]] 1-4% cases <ref name="Fortson-1995">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fortson | first1 = MR. | last2 = Freedman | first2 = SN. | last3 = Webster | first3 = PD. | title = Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis. | journal = Am J Gastroenterol | volume = 90 | issue = 12 | pages = 2134-9 | month = Dec | year = 1995 | doi =  | PMID = 8540502 }}</ref>
 
* Medication such as [[mercaptopurine|5-mercaptopurine]], [[azathioprine]], [[Diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate]], [[5-DDI]]<ref name="Yi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Yi | first1 = GC. | last2 = Yoon | first2 = KH. | last3 = Hwang | first3 = JB. | title = Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease. | journal = Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 272-5 | month = Dec | year = 2012 | doi = 10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272 | PMID = 24010098 }}</ref>
 
* [[Pancreatic tumor]]<ref name="Köhler-1987">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Köhler | first1 = H. | last2 = Lankisch | first2 = PG. | title = Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma. | journal = Pancreas | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = 117-9 | month =  | year = 1987 | doi =  | PMID = 2437571 }}</ref>
 
* [[ERCP|Post-ERCP]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Atheroembolism ]],[[Cholesterol embolism]],[[Hemorrhagic shock ]],[[Hypotension]],[[Intraoperative hypotension]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atheroembolism ]], [[Cholesterol embolism]], [[Hemorrhagic shock ]], [[Hypotension]], [[Hypotension|Intraoperative hypotension]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[6-mercaptopurine]],[[Acetaminophen]],[[Amiodarone]],[[Arabinoside]],[[Asparaginase]],[[Azathioprine]],[[Azodisalicylate]],[[Bexarotene]],[[Bezafibrate]],[[Bumetanide]],[[Carbimazole]],[[Chlorothiazide]],[[Clomiphene]],[[Clozapine]],[[Cytosine]],[[Dapsone]],[[Dexamethasone]],[[Didanosine]],[[Enalapril]],[[Enfuvirtide]],[[Erythromycin]],[[Estrogen]],[[Exenatide]],[[Frusemide]],[[Furosemide]],[[Ifosfamide]],[[Isoniazid]],[[Lamivudine]],[[Linagliptin]],[[Liraglutide]],[[Losartan]],[[Meglumine]],[[Mesalamine]],[[Mesalazine]],[[Methimazole]],[[Methyldopa]],[[Metronidazole]],[[Nelfinavir]],[[Nitrofurantoin]],{[Norethindronate/mestranol]],[[Olsalazine]],[[Omeprazole]],[[Oxyphenbutazone]],[[Pegaspargase]],[[Pentamidine]],[[Phenylbutazone]],[[Ponatinib]],[[Pravastatin]],[[Premarin]],[[Procainamide]],[[Propofol]],[[Pyritonol]],[[Simvastatin]],[[Sitagliptin]],[[Stavudine]],[[Stibogluconate]],[[Sulfamethoxazole]],[[Sulindac]],[[Tamoxifen]],[[Teduglutide]],[[Tetracycline]],[[Trimethoprimsulfamethazole]],[[Valproic acid]],[[Zalcitabine]],[[Α-methyldopa]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[6-mercaptopurine]], [[Acetaminophen]], [[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]], [[Alogliptin]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Arabinoside]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi]], [[Azathioprine]], [[olsalazine|Azodisalicylate]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Bezafibrate]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Chlorothiazide]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Clomiphene]], [[Clozapine]], [[Cytarabine]], [[Cytosine]], [[dabrafenib mesylate]], [[Dapsone]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Didanosine]], [[Dapsone]], [[Doxercalciferol]], [[Enalapril]], [[Enfuvirtide]], [[Eribulin]], [[Erythromycin]], [[Estrogen]], [[Exenatide]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Frusemide]], [[Furosemide]], [[Indinavir]], [[Ifosfamide]], [[Hydrochlorothiazide]], [[interferon alfacon-1]], [[Interferon gamma]],  [[Interferon alfa-2b ]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Lamivudine]], [[Linagliptin]], [[Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride]],  [[Liraglutide]], [[Losartan]], [[Meglumine antimoniate|Meglumine]], [[Mesalamine]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methimazole]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methylprednisolone]], [[Metronidazole]], [[Minocycline hydrochloride]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nilotinib]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Nivolumab]], [[Olsalazine]], [[Omeprazole]], [[Oxaliplatin]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Oxyphenbutazone]], [[Pegaspargase]], [[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[Pentamidine]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Ponatinib]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Premarin]], [[Prednisone]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propofol]], [[Pyritonol]], [[ Prednisolone]], [[Repaglinide]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Saquinavir mesylate]], [[Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitagliptin]], [[Somatropin]],[[Stavudine]], [[Sodium stibogluconate]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Sulfamethoxazole]], [[Sulindac]], [[Sulfasalazine]]  ,[[Tamoxifen]], [[Teduglutide]], [[Tetracycline]], [[Thalidomide]], [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Zalcitabine]], [[methyldopa|α-methyldopa]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Alcoholism]],[[Blunt trauma]],[[Pregnancy ]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcoholism]], [[Blunt trauma]], [[Pregnancy]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute gestational fatty liver]],[[Acute hepatic porphyrias]],[[Acute intermittent porphyria]],[[Biliary sludge]],[[Choledochal cyst]],[[Choledocholithiasis]],[[Cholelithiasis]],[[Duodenal ulcer]],[[Gallstones]],[[Gastric ulcer]],[[Hepatitis b ]],[[Hereditary pancreatitis]],[[Microlithiasis]],[[Pancreatic cysts]],[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]],[[Porphyrias]],[[Reye syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[fatty liver|Acute gestational fatty liver]], [[porphyria|Acute hepatic porphyrias]], [[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[gallbladder disease|Biliary sludge]], [[Choledochal cyst]], [[Choledocholithiasis]], [[Cholelithiasis]], [[Duodenal ulcer]], [[Gallstones]], [[Gastric ulcer]], [[Hepatitis B ]], [[Hereditary pancreatitis]], [[Gallstones|Microlithiasis]], [[Pancreas|Pancreatic cysts]], [[Pancreatic pseudocyst]], [[Porphyrias]], [[Reye syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aminoaciduria]],[[Apolipoprotein c-ii deficiency]],[[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1]],[[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2]],[[Cystic fibrosis]],[[Erythropoietic protoporphyria.]],[[Familial hypertriglyceridaemia]],[[Hemochromatosis]],[[Hereditary coproporphyria]],[[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aminoaciduria]], [[Apolipoprotein c-ii deficiency]], [[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1]], [[Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2]], [[Cystic fibrosis]], [[Erythropoietic protoporphyria.]], [[Familial hypertriglyceridaemia]], [[Hemochromatosis]], [[Hereditary coproporphyria]], [[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[ERCP]],[[Partial pancreas resection]],[[Posttransplantation]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ERCP]], [[Partial pancreas resection]], Posttransplantation
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Ascariasis]],[[Aspergillus]],[[Campylobacter jejuni]],[[Coxsackievirus]],[[Cryptosporidium]],[[Cytomegalovirus]],[[Fungal infections]],[[Herpes simplex]],[[HIV]],[[Human enterovirus b]],[[Legionella]],{[Leptrospira]],[[Leukocytosis]],[[Mumps]],[[Mycoplasma]],[[Salmonella]],[[Teniasis]],[[Toxoplasma]],[[Varicella zoster]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascariasis]], [[Aspergillus]], [[Campylobacter jejuni]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Cryptosporidium]], [[Cytomegalovirus]], [[Fungal infections]], [[Herpes simplex]], [[HIV]], [[Human enterovirus b]], [[Legionella]], [[Leptospira]], [[Leukocytosis]], [[Mumps]], [[Mycoplasma]], [[Salmonella]], [[Teniasis]], [[Toxoplasma]], [[Varicella zoster]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[All-trans-retinoic acid]],[[Hypercalcaemia]],[[Hypertriglyceridemia]],[[Zinc]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[All-trans-retinoic acid]], [[Hypercalcaemia]], [[Hypertriglyceridemia]], [[Zinc]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Cholangiocarcinoma]],[[Pancreatic cancer]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cholangiocarcinoma]], [[Pancreatic cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Cannabis]],[[Codeine]],[[Ethanol]],[[Thallium]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cannabis]], [[Codeine]], [[Ethanol]], [[Thallium]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Renal failure]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Autoimmune pancreatitis]],[[Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis]],[[Crohn's disease]],[[Necrotizing vascular angiitis]],[[Polyarteritis nodosa]],[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]],[[Variegate porphyria]],[[Vasculitis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Autoimmune pancreatitis]], [[Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis]], [[Crohn's disease]], [[Necrotizing vascular angiitis]], [[Polyarteritis nodosa]], [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[Variegate porphyria]], [[Vasculitis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Duodenal diverticulum]],[[Ectopic pancreas]],[[Fever]],[[Hypothermia]],[[Idiopathic]],[[Pancreas divisum]],[[Penetrating trauma]],[[Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]],[[Trauma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Duodenal diverticulum]], [[Ectopic pancreas]], [[Fever]], [[Hypothermia]], [[Idiopathic]], [[Pancreas divisum]], [[Penetrating trauma]], [[Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]], [[Trauma]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
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*[[Acetaminophen]]
*[[Acetaminophen]]


*[[Acute gestational fatty  liver]]
*[[fatty liver|Acute gestational fatty  liver]]


*[[Acute hepatic porphyrias]]
*[[porphyrias|Acute hepatic porphyrias]]


*[[Acute intermittent  porphyria]]
*[[Acute intermittent  porphyria]]
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*[[Alcoholism]]
*[[Alcoholism]]


*[[All-trans-retinoic acid]]
*[[All-trans retinoic acid]]


*[[Aminoaciduria]]
*[[Aminoaciduria]]
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*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Amiodarone]]


*[[Apolipoprotein c-ii deficiency]]
*[[apolipoprotein|Apolipoprotein c-II deficiency]]


*[[Arabinoside]]
*[[cytarabine|Arabinoside]]


*[[Ascariasis]]
*[[Ascariasis]]
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*[[Autoimmune pancreatitis]]
*[[Autoimmune pancreatitis]]


*[[Autoimmune sclerosing  pancreatitis]]
*[[acute pancreatitis|Autoimmune sclerosing  pancreatitis]]


*[[Azathioprine]]
*[[Azathioprine]]


*[[Azodisalicylate]]
*[[olsalazine|Azodisalicylate]]


*[[Bexarotene]]
*[[Bexarotene]]
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*[[Bezafibrate]]
*[[Bezafibrate]]


*[[Biliary sludge]]
*[[Gallbladder disease|Biliary sludge]]


*[[Blunt trauma]]
*[[Blunt trauma]]
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*[[Cholesterol embolism]]
*[[Cholesterol embolism]]
*[[Cidofovir]]


*[[Clomiphene]]
*[[Clomiphene]]
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*[[Codeine]]
*[[Codeine]]


*[[Congenital generalized  lipodystrophy type 1]]
*[[Cytarabine]]
 
*[[Lipodystrophy|Congenital generalized  lipodystrophy type 1]]


*[[Congenital generalized  lipodystrophy type 2]]
*[[Lipodystrophy|Congenital generalized  lipodystrophy type 2]]


*[[Coxsackievirus]]
*[[Coxsackievirus]]
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*[[Duodenal  ulcer]]
*[[Duodenal  ulcer]]


*[[Ectopic pancreas]]
*[[Pancreas|Ectopic pancreas]]
 
*[[Efavirenz]]


*[[Enalapril]]
*[[Enalapril]]
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*[[Enfuvirtide]]
*[[Enfuvirtide]]


*[[Ercp]]
*[[ERCP]]
 
*[[Eribulin]]


*[[Erythromycin]]
*[[Erythromycin]]


*[[Erythropoietic  protoporphyria.]]
*[[Porphyria|Erythropoietic  protoporphyria.]]


*[[Estrogen]]
*[[Estrogen]]
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*[[Hemorrhagic shock ]]
*[[Hemorrhagic shock ]]


*[[Hepatitis b ]]
*[[Hepatitis B ]]


*[[Hereditary coproporphyria]]
*[[Hereditary coproporphyria]]
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*[[Herpes simplex]]
*[[Herpes simplex]]


*[[Hiv]]
*[[HIV]]


*[[Human enterovirus b]]
*[[Human enterovirus B]]


*[[Hypercalcaemia]]
*[[Hypercalcaemia]]
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*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Indinavir]]


*[[Ifosfamide]]
*[[Ifosfamide]]


*[[Intraoperative  hypotension]]
*[[Interferon gamma]]
 
*[[Hypotension|Intraoperative  hypotension]]


*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Janumet]] ([[sitagliptin]] and [[metformin]])


*[[Lamivudine]]
*[[Lamivudine]]
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*[[Legionella]]
*[[Legionella]]


*[[Leptrospira]]
*[[Leptospira]]


*[[Leukocytosis]]
*[[Leukocytosis]]
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*[[Losartan]]
*[[Losartan]]


*[[Meglumine]]
*[[Meglumine antimoniate|Meglumine]]


*[[Mesalamine]]
*[[Mesalamine]]
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*[[Metronidazole]]
*[[Metronidazole]]


*[[Microlithiasis]]
*[[Gallstones|Microlithiasis]]


*[[Mumps]]
*[[Mumps]]
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{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Necrotizing vascular angiitis]]
* Necrotizing vascular angiitis
*[[Nelfinavir]]
*[[Nelfinavir]]
*[[Nitrofurantoin]]
*[[Nitrofurantoin]]
*[[Mestranol]]
*[[Mestranol]]
*[[Olsalazine]]
*[[Omeprazole]]
*[[Omeprazole]]
*[[Oxaprozin]]
*[[Oxyphenbutazone]]
*[[Oxyphenbutazone]]
*[[Pancreas divisum]]
*[[Pancreas divisum]]
*[[Pancreatic cancer]]
*[[Pancreatic cancer]]
*[[Pancreatic cysts]]
*[[Pancreas|Pancreatic cysts]]
*[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]]
*[[Pancreatic pseudocyst]]
*[[Partial pancreas resection]]
*[[Pancreas|Partial pancreas resection]]
*[[Pegaspargase]]
*[[Pegaspargase]]
*[[Penetrating trauma]]
*[[Penetrating trauma]]
*[[Pentamidine]]
*[[Pentamidine]]
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Phenylbutazone]]
*[[Phenylbutazone]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Ponatinib]]
*[[Ponatinib]]
*[[Porphyrias]]
*[[Porphyrias]]
*[[Post transplantation]]
* Post transplantation
*[[Pravastatin]]
*[[Pravastatin]]
*[[Pregnancy ]]
*[[Pregnancy ]]
*[[Premarin]]
*[[Premarin]]
*[[Prednisone]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Propofol]]
*[[Propofol]]
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*[[Reye syndrome]]
*[[Reye syndrome]]
*[[Salmonella]]
*[[Salmonella]]
*[[Saquinavir mesylate]]
*[[Simvastatin]]
*[[Simvastatin]]
*[[Sitagliptin]]
*[[Sitagliptin]]
*[[Smoking]]
*[[Smoking]]
*[[Stavudine]]
*[[Stavudine]]
*[[Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]]
*[[Pancreas|Stenosis of pancreatic ducts]]
*[[Sodium stibogluconate]]
*[[Sodium stibogluconate]]
*[[Sorafenib]]
*[[Sulfamethoxazole]]
*[[Sulfamethoxazole]]
*[[Sulindac]]
*[[Sulindac]]
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*[[Teduglutide]]
*[[Teduglutide]]
*[[Teniasis]]
*[[Teniasis]]
* [[Tenofovir]] disoproxil fumarate
*[[Tetracycline]]
*[[Tetracycline]]
*[[Thallium]]
*[[Thallium]]
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*[[Toxoplasma]]
*[[Toxoplasma]]
*[[Trauma]]
*[[Trauma]]
*[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethazole]]
*[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Varicella zoster]]
*[[Varicella zoster]]
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*[[Zalcitabine]]
*[[Zalcitabine]]
*[[Zinc]]
*[[Zinc]]
*[[α-methyldopa]]
*[[methyldopa|α-methyldopa]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 23:33, 29 July 2020

Pancreatitis Main Page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Acute Pancreatitis
Chronic Pancreatitis
Hereditary Pancreatitis
Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Common causes of pancreatitis include alcoholism, gallstones, hypertriglyceridemia, ERCP, pancreatic tumors, and medications such as 5-Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning Atheroembolism , Cholesterol embolism, Hemorrhagic shock , Hypotension, Intraoperative hypotension
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect 6-mercaptopurine, Acetaminophen, Acetaminophen and Oxycodone, Alogliptin, Amiodarone, Arabinoside, Asparaginase, Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi, Azathioprine, Azodisalicylate, Bexarotene, Bezafibrate, Bumetanide, Carbimazole, Chlorothiazide, Cidofovir, Clomiphene, Clozapine, Cytarabine, Cytosine, dabrafenib mesylate, Dapsone, Dexamethasone, Didanosine, Dapsone, Doxercalciferol, Enalapril, Enfuvirtide, Eribulin, Erythromycin, Estrogen, Exenatide, Febuxostat, Frusemide, Furosemide, Indinavir, Ifosfamide, Hydrochlorothiazide, interferon alfacon-1, Interferon gamma, Interferon alfa-2b , Isoniazid, Lamivudine, Linagliptin, Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride, Liraglutide, Losartan, Meglumine, Mesalamine, Mesalazine, Methimazole, Methyldopa, Methylprednisolone, Metronidazole, Minocycline hydrochloride, Nelfinavir, Nilotinib, Nitrofurantoin, Nivolumab, Olsalazine, Omeprazole, Oxaliplatin, Oxaprozin, Oxcarbazepine, Oxyphenbutazone, Pegaspargase, Pegylated interferon alfa-2b, Pentamidine, Pergolide, Phenylbutazone, Ponatinib, Pramipexole, Pravastatin, Premarin, Prednisone, Procainamide, Propofol, Pyritonol, Prednisolone, Repaglinide, Ritonavir, Saquinavir mesylate, Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride, Simvastatin, Sitagliptin, Somatropin,Stavudine, Sodium stibogluconate, Sorafenib, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulindac, Sulfasalazine ,Tamoxifen, Teduglutide, Tetracycline, Thalidomide, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Valproic acid, Zalcitabine, α-methyldopa
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Primary hyperparathyroidism
Environmental Alcoholism, Blunt trauma, Pregnancy
Gastroenterologic Acute gestational fatty liver, Acute hepatic porphyrias, Acute intermittent porphyria, Biliary sludge, Choledochal cyst, Choledocholithiasis, Cholelithiasis, Duodenal ulcer, Gallstones, Gastric ulcer, Hepatitis B , Hereditary pancreatitis, Microlithiasis, Pancreatic cysts, Pancreatic pseudocyst, Porphyrias, Reye syndrome
Genetic Aminoaciduria, Apolipoprotein c-ii deficiency, Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1, Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2, Cystic fibrosis, Erythropoietic protoporphyria., Familial hypertriglyceridaemia, Hemochromatosis, Hereditary coproporphyria, Lipoprotein lipase deficiency
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic ERCP, Partial pancreas resection, Posttransplantation
Infectious Disease Ascariasis, Aspergillus, Campylobacter jejuni, Coxsackievirus, Cryptosporidium, Cytomegalovirus, Fungal infections, Herpes simplex, HIV, Human enterovirus b, Legionella, Leptospira, Leukocytosis, Mumps, Mycoplasma, Salmonella, Teniasis, Toxoplasma, Varicella zoster
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic All-trans-retinoic acid, Hypercalcaemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Zinc
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Cholangiocarcinoma, Pancreatic cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Cannabis, Codeine, Ethanol, Thallium
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Autoimmune pancreatitis, Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis, Crohn's disease, Necrotizing vascular angiitis, Polyarteritis nodosa, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Variegate porphyria, Vasculitis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Duodenal diverticulum, Ectopic pancreas, Fever, Hypothermia, Idiopathic, Pancreas divisum, Penetrating trauma, Stenosis of pancreatic ducts, Trauma

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Yang, AL.; Vadhavkar, S.; Singh, G.; Omary, MB. (2008). "Epidemiology of alcohol-related liver and pancreatic disease in the United States". Arch Intern Med. 168 (6): 649–56. doi:10.1001/archinte.168.6.649. PMID 18362258. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Forsmark, CE.; Baillie, J. (2007). "AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis". Gastroenterology. 132 (5): 2022–44. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.065. PMID 17484894. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Fortson, MR.; Freedman, SN.; Webster, PD. (1995). "Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis". Am J Gastroenterol. 90 (12): 2134–9. PMID 8540502. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Yi, GC.; Yoon, KH.; Hwang, JB. (2012). "Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease". Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 15 (4): 272–5. doi:10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272. PMID 24010098. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Köhler, H.; Lankisch, PG. (1987). "Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma". Pancreas. 2 (1): 117–9. PMID 2437571.

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