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{{ | '''Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B<nowiki>''</nowiki> subunit alpha''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PPP2R3A'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8392071">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hendrix P, Mayer-Jackel RE, Cron P, Goris J, Hofsteenge J, Merlevede W, Hemmings BA | title = Structure and expression of a 72-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. Evidence for different size forms produced by alternative splicing | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 268 | issue = 20 | pages = 15267–76 |date=Aug 1993 | pmid = 8392071 | pmc = | doi = }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PPP2R3A protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B<nowiki>''</nowiki>, alpha| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5523| accessdate = }}</ref> | ||
}} | |||
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| summary_text = Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly named type 2A) is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2 holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B''/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B'' family. The B'' family has been further divided into subfamilies. The product of this gene belongs to the alpha subfamily of regulatory subunit B''. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PPP2R3A protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B'', alpha| url = | | summary_text = Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly named type 2A) is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2 holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B<nowiki>''</nowiki>/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B<nowiki>''</nowiki> family. The B<nowiki>''</nowiki> family has been further divided into subfamilies. The product of this gene belongs to the alpha subfamily of regulatory subunit B<nowiki>''</nowiki>. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PPP2R3A protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B<nowiki>''</nowiki>, alpha| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5523| accessdate = }}</ref> | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Interactions== | |||
PPP2R3A has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[CDC6]]<ref name=pmid18397887>{{cite journal |last=Davis |first=Anthony J |authorlink= |author2=Yan Zhen |author3=Martinez Bobbie |author4=Mumby Marc C |date=Jun 2008 |title=Protein phosphatase 2A is targeted to cell division control protein 6 by a calcium-binding regulatory subunit |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=283 |issue=23 |pages=16104–14 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 18397887 |doi = 10.1074/jbc.M710313200 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=2414307 }}</ref> and [[PPP2R4]].<ref name=pmid18397887/> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist}} | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
{{refbegin | 2}} | {{refbegin | 2}} | ||
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| citations = | | citations = | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Zolnierowicz S |title=Type 2A protein phosphatase, the complex regulator of numerous signaling pathways. |journal=Biochem. Pharmacol. |volume=60 |issue= 8 |pages= | *{{cite journal | author=Zolnierowicz S |title=Type 2A protein phosphatase, the complex regulator of numerous signaling pathways. |journal=Biochem. Pharmacol. |volume=60 |issue= 8 |pages= 1225–35 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11007961 |doi=10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00424-X }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Andersen JL, Planelles V |title=The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis. |journal=Curr. HIV Res. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 43–51 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15638722 |doi=10.2174/1570162052772988 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Le Rouzic E, Benichou S |title=The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle. |journal=Retrovirology |volume=2 |issue= |pages= 11 |year= 2006 |pmid= 15725353 |doi= 10.1186/1742-4690-2-11 | pmc=554975 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhao RY, Elder RT |title=Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation. |journal=Cell Res. |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 143–9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15780175 |doi= 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT |title=HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses. |journal=Indian J. Med. Res. |volume=121 |issue= 4 |pages= 270–86 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15817944 |doi= }} | ||
*{{cite journal | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Mayer RE, Hendrix P, Cron P, etal |title=Structure of the 55-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a neuronal-specific isoform. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=30 |issue= 15 |pages= 3589–97 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1849734 |doi=10.1021/bi00229a001 }} | ||
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, etal |title=Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=401 |issue= 2–3 |pages= 197–201 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9013886 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6 }} | |||
*{{cite journal | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G |title=Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production |journal=Virology |volume=238 |issue= 2 |pages= 432–43 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9400615 |doi= 10.1006/viro.1997.8873 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G |title=Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens |journal=J. Virol. |volume=73 |issue= 1 |pages= 839–42 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9847399 |doi= | pmc=103900 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Voorhoeve PM, Hijmans EM, Bernards R |title=Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit, PR59, and the retinoblastoma-related p107 protein |journal=Oncogene |volume=18 |issue= 2 |pages= 515–24 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9927208 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1202316 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Takahashi M, Shibata H, Shimakawa M, etal |title=Characterization of a novel giant scaffolding protein, CG-NAP, that anchors multiple signaling enzymes to centrosome and the golgi apparatus |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 24 |pages= 17267–74 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10358086 |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.24.17267 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Yan Z, Fedorov SA, Mumby MC, Williams RS |title=PR48, a novel regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacts with Cdc6 and modulates DNA replication in human cells |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=20 |issue= 3 |pages= 1021–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10629059 |doi=10.1128/MCB.20.3.1021-1029.2000 | pmc=85219 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Lubert EJ, Hong Y, Sarge KD |title=Interaction between protein phosphatase 5 and the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a heterotrimeric form of protein phosphatase 5 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 42 |pages= 38582–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11504734 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M106906200 }} | ||
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, etal |title=HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25 |journal=Virology |volume=287 |issue= 2 |pages= 359–70 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11531413 |doi= 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 }} | |||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Dintilhac A, Bernués J |title=HMGB1 interacts with many apparently unrelated proteins by recognizing short amino acid sequences |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 9 |pages= 7021–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11748221 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M108417200 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Hrimech M, Yao XJ, Branton PE, Cohen EA |title=Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr-mediated G(2) cell cycle arrest: Vpr interferes with cell cycle signaling cascades by interacting with the B subunit of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A |journal=EMBO J. |volume=21 |issue= 14 |pages= 3918 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12110603 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/cdf420 | pmc=126131 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | | |||
*{{cite journal | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
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Revision as of 18:35, 7 September 2017
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Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R3A gene.[1][2]
Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly named type 2A) is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2 holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B''/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B'' family. The B'' family has been further divided into subfamilies. The product of this gene belongs to the alpha subfamily of regulatory subunit B''. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[2]
Interactions
PPP2R3A has been shown to interact with CDC6[3] and PPP2R4.[3]
References
- ↑ Hendrix P, Mayer-Jackel RE, Cron P, Goris J, Hofsteenge J, Merlevede W, Hemmings BA (Aug 1993). "Structure and expression of a 72-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. Evidence for different size forms produced by alternative splicing". J Biol Chem. 268 (20): 15267–76. PMID 8392071.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: PPP2R3A protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B'', alpha".
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Davis, Anthony J; Yan Zhen; Martinez Bobbie; Mumby Marc C (Jun 2008). "Protein phosphatase 2A is targeted to cell division control protein 6 by a calcium-binding regulatory subunit". J. Biol. Chem. United States. 283 (23): 16104–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.M710313200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 2414307. PMID 18397887.
Further reading
- Zolnierowicz S (2000). "Type 2A protein phosphatase, the complex regulator of numerous signaling pathways". Biochem. Pharmacol. 60 (8): 1225–35. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00424-X. PMID 11007961.
- Andersen JL, Planelles V (2005). "The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 43–51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMID 15638722.
- Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle". Retrovirology. 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353.
- Zhao RY, Elder RT (2005). "Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation". Cell Res. 15 (3): 143–9. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290279. PMID 15780175.
- Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses". Indian J. Med. Res. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID 15817944.
- Mayer RE, Hendrix P, Cron P, et al. (1991). "Structure of the 55-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a neuronal-specific isoform". Biochemistry. 30 (15): 3589–97. doi:10.1021/bi00229a001. PMID 1849734.
- Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, et al. (1997). "Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr". FEBS Lett. 401 (2–3): 197–201. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6. PMID 9013886.
- Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (1998). "Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production". Virology. 238 (2): 432–43. doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8873. PMID 9400615.
- Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G (1999). "Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens". J. Virol. 73 (1): 839–42. PMC 103900. PMID 9847399.
- Voorhoeve PM, Hijmans EM, Bernards R (1999). "Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit, PR59, and the retinoblastoma-related p107 protein". Oncogene. 18 (2): 515–24. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202316. PMID 9927208.
- Takahashi M, Shibata H, Shimakawa M, et al. (1999). "Characterization of a novel giant scaffolding protein, CG-NAP, that anchors multiple signaling enzymes to centrosome and the golgi apparatus". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (24): 17267–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.17267. PMID 10358086.
- Yan Z, Fedorov SA, Mumby MC, Williams RS (2000). "PR48, a novel regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacts with Cdc6 and modulates DNA replication in human cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (3): 1021–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.3.1021-1029.2000. PMC 85219. PMID 10629059.
- Lubert EJ, Hong Y, Sarge KD (2001). "Interaction between protein phosphatase 5 and the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a heterotrimeric form of protein phosphatase 5". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 38582–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106906200. PMID 11504734.
- Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, et al. (2001). "HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25". Virology. 287 (2): 359–70. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1007. PMID 11531413.
- Dintilhac A, Bernués J (2002). "HMGB1 interacts with many apparently unrelated proteins by recognizing short amino acid sequences". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7021–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108417200. PMID 11748221.
- Hrimech M, Yao XJ, Branton PE, Cohen EA (2002). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr-mediated G(2) cell cycle arrest: Vpr interferes with cell cycle signaling cascades by interacting with the B subunit of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A". EMBO J. 21 (14): 3918. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf420. PMC 126131. PMID 12110603.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
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