Orders of magnitude (mass)

Template:Orders of magnitude To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various mass levels between 10⁻³⁶ kg and 10⁵³ kg.

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
10−36	1.783Template:E kg	One eV/c², the mass equivalent of one electronvolt of energy.
	3.6Template:E kg	Electron neutrino, upper limit on mass (2 eV/c²)
10−35
10−34
10−33
10−32
10−31	9.1Template:E kg	Electron (511 keV/c²), the lightest elementary particle with a measured nonzero rest mass.
10−30
10−29
10−28	1.9Template:E kg	Muon (106 MeV/c²)
10−27 yoctogram (yg)	1.661Template:E kg	Atomic mass unit (u) or dalton (Da)
	1.673Template:E kg	Proton (938.3 MeV/c²)
	1.674Template:E kg	Hydrogen atom, the lightest atom
	1.675Template:E kg	Neutron (939.6 MeV/c²)
10−26	1.15Template:E kg	Lithium atom (6.941 u)
	2.99Template:E kg	Water molecule (18.015 u)
	7.95Template:E kg	Titanium atom (47.867 u)
10−25	1.79Template:E kg	Silver atom (107.8682 u)
	1.6Template:E kg	Z boson (91.2 GeV/c²)
	3.1Template:E kg	Top quark (173 GeV/c²), the heaviest known elementary particle
	3.2Template:E kg	Caffeine molecule (194 u)
	3.45Template:E kg	Lead-208 atom, the heaviest stable isotope known

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
10−24 zeptogram (zg)
10−23
10−22	1.1Template:E kg	Haemoglobin A molecule in blood
10−21 attogram (ag)
10−20	10−20 kg	A small virus
10−19

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
10−18 femtogram (fg)
10−17	1.1Template:E kg	Mass equivalent of one joule
	4.6Template:E kg	Mass equivalent of a calorie
10−16	7Template:E kg	Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterium
10−15 picogram (pg)
10−14
10−13

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
10−12 nanogram (ng)	10−12 kg	Average human cell (1 nanogram)
10−11
10−10	3.5Template:E kg	Small grain of sand (0.063 mm diameter, 350 nanograms)
10−9 microgram (µg)	2Template:E kg	Uncertainty in the mass of the prototype kilogram (2 micrograms)
10−8	2.2Template:E kg	Planck mass
10−7

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
10−6 milligram (mg)	1–2Template:E kg	Typical mass of a mosquito (1–2 milligrams)
10−5 centigram (cg)	1.1Template:E kg	Large grain of sand (2 mm diameter, 11 milligrams)
10−4 decigram (dg)	1.5Template:E kg	Typical amount of caffeine in one cup of coffee (150 milligrams)
	2Template:E kg	Metric carat (200 milligrams)
10−3 gram (g)	10−3 kg	One cubic centimeter of water (1 gram)
	8Template:E kg	Typical coins: euro (7.5 grams) and U.S. dollar (8.1 grams)
10−2 decagram (dag)	1.2–4Template:E kg	Adult mouse (Mus musculus, 12–40 grams)
	2.4Template:E kg	Amount of ethanol in one drink (24 grams)
	2.8Template:E kg	Ounce (avoirdupois) (28.35 grams)
10−1 hectogram   (hg)	0.15 kg	Human kidney (150 grams)
	0.454 kg	Pound (avoirdupois) (454 grams)

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1 kg kilogram (kg)	1 kg	One litre of water, approx.
	3 kg	Newborn human baby
	4.0 kg	Women's shotput
	5–7 kg	Housecat
	7.26 kg	Men's shotput
101	10–30 kg	A CRT computer monitor or television set
	15–20 kg	Medium-sized dog
	70 kg	Adult human; large dog
102	180–250 kg	Mature lion, female (180 kg) and male (250 kg)
	700 kg	Dairy cow
	907.18474 kg	1 short ton (2000 pounds - U.S.)
103 megagram (Mg)	1000 kg	Metric ton/tonne; one cubic metre of water
	1016.0469088 kg	Ton (British) / 1 long ton (2240 pounds - U.S.)
	800–1600 kg	Typical passenger automobiles
	3000–7000 kg	Adult elephant
	5000 kg	A teaspoon (5 ml) of white dwarf material (5 tonne)
104	1.1Template:E kg	Hubble Space Telescope (11 tonnes)
	1.2Template:E kg	Largest elephant on record (12 tonnes)
	1.4Template:E kg	Big Ben (Bell) (14 tonnes)
	6.0Template:E kg	Largest Meteorite, Hoba West Meteorite (60 tonnes)
	8–10Template:E kg	Largest known dinosaur, the Argentinosaurus (80–100 tonnes)
105	1.8x105 kg	Largest animal, the blue whale (180 tonnes)
	1.87Template:E kg	International Space Station (187 tonnes)
	6Template:E kg	Antonov An-225 (the world's heaviest aircraft) maximum take-off mass (600 tonnes); payload: 250 tonnes

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
106 gigagram (Gg)	1.25Template:E kg	Trunk of the Giant Sequoia tree named General Sherman (1250 tonnes)
	1.5Template:E kg	Individual gate of the Thames Barrier
	2.041Template:E kg	Launch mass of the Space Shuttle (2041 tonnes)
	6Template:E kg	Largest clonal colony, the quaking aspen named Pando (6000 tonnes)
107	1.1Template:E kg	Annual production of Darjeeling tea (11,000 tonnes)
	2.6Template:E kg	RMS Titanic (26,000 tonnes)
	9.97Template:E kg	Heaviest train ever (99,700 tonnes): Australia's BHP Iron Ore, 2001 record
108	6.5Template:E kg	Largest ship, Knock Nevis, when fully loaded (650,000 tonnes)
109 teragram (Tg)	4.3Template:E kg	Amount of matter converted into energy by the Sun each second
	6Template:E kg	Great Pyramid of Giza
1010	6Template:E kg	Amount of concrete in the Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest concrete structure
1011	2Template:E kg	Amount of water stored in London storage reservoirs (0.2 km³)
	3Template:E kg	Total mass of the human world population
	1–8Template:E kg	Total biomass of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, thought to be the most plentiful creature on the planet

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1012 petagram (Pg)	3.91Template:E kg	World oil production in 2001
	5.5Template:E kg	A teaspoon (5 ml) of neutron star material (5000 million tonne)
1013
1014	2–3Template:E kg	Amount of rock that exploded in the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in 1815
1015 exagram (Eg)	1Template:E kg	Estimated total world coal reserves economically accessible using current mining technology
1016	1Template:E kg	951 Gaspra, the first asteroid ever to be closely approached by a spacecraft
1017	1.6Template:E kg	Prometheus (moon), a shepherd satellite for the inner edge of Saturn's F Ring.

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1018 zettagram (Zg)	5Template:E kg	Earth's atmosphere
	5.7Template:E kg	Hyperion, a moon of Saturn
1019	3Template:E kg	3 Juno, the fifth largest asteroid in the main Asteroid Belt
1020	8.7Template:E kg	Ceres, the largest asteroid in the main Asteroid Belt (now officially a dwarf planet)
1021 yottagram (Yg)	1.35Template:E kg	Earth's oceans
	1.6Template:E kg	Charon, the moon of Pluto
	2.3Template:E kg	Total mass of the Asteroid Belt
1022	1.3Template:E kg	Pluto
	1.5Template:E kg	Triton, largest moon of Neptune
	7.35Template:E kg	Earth's Moon
1023	1.3Template:E kg	Titan, largest moon of Saturn
	1.5Template:E kg	Ganymede, largest moon of Jupiter
	3.2Template:E kg	Mercury
	6.4Template:E kg	Mars

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1024	4.9Template:E kg	Venus
	6.0Template:E kg	The Earth
1025	3.0Template:E kg	Lowest estimate of the mass of the Oort cloud
	8.7Template:E kg	Uranus
1026	1.0Template:E kg	Neptune
	5.7Template:E kg	Saturn
	6.0Template:E kg	Highest estimate of the mass of the Oort cloud
1027	1.9Template:E kg	Jupiter
1028	1–17Template:E kg	Brown dwarf stars
1029	3.4Template:E kg	Barnard's Star, a near red dwarf star

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1030	2Template:E kg	Sun; one solar mass
	2.9Template:E kg	Chandrasekhar limit (1.44 solar masses)
1031	4Template:E kg	Betelgeuse, a red supergiant star
1032
1033
1034
1035

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1036	7.4Template:E kg	The supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy, associated with the radio source Sagittarius A*
1037
1038		Typical mass of a globular cluster
1039
1040	3.6Template:E kg	Mass of OJ287, the largest measured supermassive black hole
1041	3.6Template:E kg	Visible mass of the Milky Way galaxy

Factor (kg)	Value	Item
1042	2Template:E kg	Total mass of the Milky Way galaxy
1043
1044
1045
1046	2Template:E kg	Virgo Supercluster
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052	3Template:E kg	Mass of the observable universe

External links

• Mass units conversion calculator

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