Nucleolin: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Nucleolin''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''NCL'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid2394707">{{cite journal | vauthors = Srivastava M, McBride OW, Fleming PJ, Pollard HB, Burns AL | title = Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human nucleolin gene | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 265 | issue = 25 | pages = 14922–31 | date = Sep 1990 | pmid = 2394707 | pmc =  | doi =  }}</ref><ref name="pmid3409881">{{cite journal | vauthors = Erard MS, Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Pantaloni A, Amalric F | title = A major nucleolar protein, nucleolin, induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1 | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 175 | issue = 3 | pages = 525–30 | date = Aug 1988 | pmid = 3409881 | pmc = | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14224.x }}</ref>
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| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Gene ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_NCL_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2fc8.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2fc8}}, {{PDB2|2fc9}}
| Name = Nucleolin
| HGNCid = 7667
| Symbol = NCL
| AltSymbols =; C23; FLJ45706
| OMIM = 164035
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 21821
| MGIid = 
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_NCL_200610_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003676 |text = nucleic acid binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003723 |text = RNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008022 |text = protein C-terminus binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005730 |text = nucleolus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005938 |text = cell cortex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001525 |text = angiogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 4691
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000115053
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005372
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005381
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 232027704
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 232037449
    | Hs_Uniprot = P19338
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 
    | Mm_Ensembl = 
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = 
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''Nucleolin''', also known as '''NCL''', is a human [[gene]].


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The human NCL gene is located on [[chromosome 2]] and consists of 14 [[exon]]s with 13 [[intron]]s and spans approximately 11kb. The intron 11 of the NCL gene encodes a [[small nucleolar RNA]], termed U20.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Nucleolin (NCL), a eukaryotic nucleolar phosphoprotein, is involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomes. It is located mainly in dense fibrillar regions of the nucleolus. Human NCL gene consists of 14 exons with 13 introns and spans approximately 11kb. The intron 11 of the NCL gene encodes a small nucleolar RNA, termed U20.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NCL nucleolin| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4691| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Function ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
Nucleolin (NCL), a eukaryotic nucleolar [[phosphoprotein]], is involved in the synthesis and maturation of [[ribosome]]s.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NCL nucleolin| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4691| accessdate = }}</ref> The protein is located mainly in dense fibrillar regions of the [[nucleolus]].
{{refbegin | 2}}
 
{{PBB_Further_reading
Nucleolin is also able to act as a transcriptional coactivator with Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor II ([[COUP-TFII]]).<ref name="pmid22693611">{{cite journal | vauthors = Litchfield LM, Riggs KA, Hockenberry AM, Oliver LD, Barnhart KG, Cai J, Pierce WM, Ivanova MM, Bates PJ, Appana SN, Datta S, Kulesza P, McBryan J, Young LS, Klinge CM | title = Identification and characterization of nucleolin as a COUP-TFII coactivator of retinoic acid receptor β transcription in breast cancer cells | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 7 | issue = 5 | date = May 2012 | pmc = 3365040 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0038278 | pmid = 22693611 | pages=e38278}}</ref>
| citations =  
 
*{{cite journal | author=Tuteja R, Tuteja N |title=Nucleolin: a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein. |journal=Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. |volume=33 |issue= 6 |pages= 407-36 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9918513 |doi= }}
== Clinical significance ==
*{{cite journal | author=Pasternack MS, Bleier KJ, McInerney TN |title=Granzyme A binding to target cell proteins. Granzyme A binds to and cleaves nucleolin in vitro. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 22 |pages= 14703-8 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1860869 |doi= }}
 
*{{cite journal | author=Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Labbé JC, ''et al.'' |title=Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of nucleolin by p34cdc2 protein kinase. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=10 |issue= 7 |pages= 3607-18 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2192260 |doi= }}
[[Midkine]] and [[pleiotrophin]] bind to cell-surface nucleolin as a low affinity receptor. This binding can inhibit HIV infection.<ref name="pmid12147681">{{cite journal | vauthors = Said EA, Krust B, Nisole S, Svab J, Briand JP, Hovanessian AG | title = The anti-HIV cytokine midkine binds the cell surface-expressed nucleolin as a low affinity receptor | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 40 | pages = 37492–502 | date = Oct 2002 | pmid = 12147681 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M201194200 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16156786">{{cite journal | vauthors = Said EA, Courty J, Svab J, Delbé J, Krust B, Hovanessian AG | title = Pleiotrophin inhibits HIV infection by binding the cell surface-expressed nucleolin | journal = The FEBS Journal | volume = 272 | issue = 18 | pages = 4646–59 | date = Sep 2005 | pmid = 16156786 | doi = 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04870.x }}</ref>
*{{cite journal  | author=Srivastava M, McBride OW, Fleming PJ, ''et al.'' |title=Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human nucleolin gene. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=265 |issue= 25 |pages= 14922-31 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2394707 |doi= }}
 
*{{cite journal | author=Srivastava M, Fleming PJ, Pollard HB, Burns AL |title=Cloning and sequencing of the human nucleolin cDNA. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=250 |issue= 1 |pages= 99-105 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2737305 |doi= }}
Nucleolin at the cell surface is the receptor for the [[Respiratory Syncytial Virus]] (RSV) fusion protein.<ref name="pmid21841784">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tayyari F, Marchant D, Moraes TJ, Duan W, Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG | title = Identification of nucleolin as a cellular receptor for human respiratory syncytial virus | journal = Nature Medicine | volume = 17 | issue = 9 | pages = 1132–5 | date = Sep 2011 | pmid = 21841784 | doi = 10.1038/nm.2444 }}</ref> Interference with the nucleolin - RSV fusion protein interaction has been shown to be therapeutic against RSV infection in cell cultures and animal models.<ref name="pmid22884716">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG | title = The RSV fusion receptor: not what everyone expected it to be | journal = Microbes and Infection / Institut Pasteur | volume = 14 | issue = 13 | pages = 1205–10 | date = Nov 2012 | pmid = 22884716 | doi = 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.07.015 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23518574">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG | title = RSV fusion: time for a new model | journal = Viruses | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 873–85 | date = Mar 2013 | pmid = 23518574 | doi = 10.3390/v5030873 | pmc=3705301}}</ref><ref name="pmid25374027">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shakeri A, Mastrangelo P, Griffin JK, Moraes TJ, Hegele RG | title = Respiratory syncytial virus receptor expression in the mouse and viral tropism | journal = Histology and Histopathology | volume = 30| issue = | date = Nov 2014 | pmid = 25374027 | doi = 10.14670/HH-30.401| pages=401–411}}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Erard MS, Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, ''et al.'' |title=A major nucleolar protein, nucleolin, induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=175 |issue= 3 |pages= 525-30 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3409881 |doi= }}
 
*{{cite journal | author=Tuteja N, Huang NW, Skopac D, ''et al.'' |title=Human DNA helicase IV is nucleolin, an RNA helicase modulated by phosphorylation. |journal=Gene |volume=160 |issue= 2 |pages= 143-8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7642087 |doi= }}
== Interactions ==
*{{cite journal | author=Jordan P, Heid H, Kinzel V, Kübler D |title=Major cell surface-located protein substrates of an ecto-protein kinase are homologs of known nuclear proteins. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=33 |issue= 49 |pages= 14696-706 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7993898 |doi= }}
 
*{{cite journal | author=Nicoloso M, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Michot B, ''et al.'' |title=U20, a novel small nucleolar RNA, is encoded in an intron of the nucleolin gene in mammals. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages= 5766-76 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8065311 |doi=  }}
Nucleolin has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with:
*{{cite journal | author=Ishikawa F, Matunis MJ, Dreyfuss G, Cech TR |title=Nuclear proteins that bind the pre-mRNA 3' splice site sequence r(UUAG/G) and the human telomeric DNA sequence d(TTAGGG)n. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=13 |issue= 7 |pages= 4301-10 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8321232 |doi= }}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{cite journal | author=Eggert M, Möws CC, Tripier D, ''et al.'' |title=A fraction enriched in a novel glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein stimulates receptor-dependent transcription in vitro. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 51 |pages= 30755-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8530516 |doi= }}
* [[CSNK2A2]],<ref name = pmid8663258>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG | title = The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 26 | pages = 15662–8 | date = Jun 1996 | pmid = 8663258 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.26.15662 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Bharti AK, Olson MO, Kufe DW, Rubin EH |title=Identification of a nucleolin binding site in human topoisomerase I. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 4 |pages= 1993-7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8567649 |doi= }}
* [[Centaurin, alpha 1]],<ref name = pmid12565890>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dubois T, Zemlickova E, Howell S, Aitken A | title = Centaurin-alpha 1 associates in vitro and in vivo with nucleolin | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 301 | issue = 2 | pages = 502–8 | date = Feb 2003 | pmid = 12565890 | doi =  10.1016/s0006-291x(02)03010-3}}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Li YP, Busch RK, Valdez BC, Busch H |title=C23 interacts with B23, a putative nucleolar-localization-signal-binding protein. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=237 |issue= 1 |pages= 153-8 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8620867 |doi= }}
* [[HuR]],<ref name = pmid21859890>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tominaga K, Srikantan S, Lee EK, Subaran SS, Martindale JL, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M | title = Competitive regulation of nucleolin expression by HuR and miR-494 | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 31 | issue = 20 | pages = 4219–31 | date = Oct 2011 | pmid = 21859890 | pmc = 3187287 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.05955-11 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG |title=The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 26 |pages= 15662-8 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8663258 |doi= }}
* [[NPM1]],<ref name = pmid8620867>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li YP, Busch RK, Valdez BC, Busch H | title = C23 interacts with B23, a putative nucleolar-localization-signal-binding protein | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 237 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–8 | date = Apr 1996 | pmid = 8620867 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0153n.x }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Zhou G, Seibenhener ML, Wooten MW |title=Nucleolin is a protein kinase C-zeta substrate. Connection between cell surface signaling and nucleus in PC12 cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 49 |pages= 31130-7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9388266 |doi= }}
* [[P53]],<ref name = pmid12138209>{{cite journal | vauthors = Daniely Y, Dimitrova DD, Borowiec JA | title = Stress-dependent nucleolin mobilization mediated by p53-nucleolin complex formation | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 22 | issue = 16 | pages = 6014–22 | date = Aug 2002 | pmid = 12138209 | pmc = 133981 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.22.16.6014-6022.2002 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Haluska P, Saleem A, Edwards TK, Rubin EH |title=Interaction between the N-terminus of human topoisomerase I and SV40 large T antigen. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=26 |issue= 7 |pages= 1841-7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9512561 |doi= }}
* [[PPP1CB]],<ref name = pmid12185196>{{cite journal | vauthors = Morimoto H, Okamura H, Haneji T | title = Interaction of protein phosphatase 1 delta with nucleolin in human osteoblastic cells | journal = The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry | volume = 50 | issue = 9 | pages = 1187–93 | date = Sep 2002 | pmid = 12185196 | doi = 10.1177/002215540205000905 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Borggrefe T, Wabl M, Akhmedov AT, Jessberger R |title=A B-cell-specific DNA recombination complex. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 27 |pages= 17025-35 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9642267 |doi= }}
* [[S100A11]],<ref name = pmid14623863>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Kataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH | title = S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 163 | issue = 4 | pages = 825–35 | date = Nov 2003 | pmid = 14623863 | pmc = 2173690 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200304017 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal | author=Larrucea S, González-Rubio C, Cambronero R, ''et al.'' |title=Cellular adhesion mediated by factor J, a complement inhibitor. Evidence for nucleolin involvement. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 48 |pages= 31718-25 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9822633 |doi= }}
* [[Sjogren syndrome antigen B]],<ref name = pmid12096904>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fouraux MA, Bouvet P, Verkaart S, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ | title = Nucleolin associates with a subset of the human Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes | journal = Journal of Molecular Biology | volume = 320 | issue = 3 | pages = 475–88 | date = Jul 2002 | pmid = 12096904 | doi = 10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00518-1 }}</ref>
*{{cite journal  | author=Parada CA, Roeder RG |title=A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=18 |issue= 13 |pages= 3688-701 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10393184 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/18.13.3688 }}
* [[TOP1]],<ref name = pmid9512561>{{cite journal | vauthors = Haluska P, Saleem A, Edwards TK, Rubin EH | title = Interaction between the N-terminus of human topoisomerase I and SV40 large T antigen | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 26 | issue = 7 | pages = 1841–7 | date = Apr 1998 | pmid = 9512561 | pmc = 147454 | doi = 10.1093/nar/26.7.1841 }}</ref><ref name = pmid8567649>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bharti AK, Olson MO, Kufe DW, Rubin EH | title = Identification of a nucleolin binding site in human topoisomerase I | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 4 | pages = 1993–7 | date = Jan 1996 | pmid = 8567649 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.4.1993 }}</ref>  and
}}
* [[Telomerase reverse transcriptase]].<ref name = pmid15371412>{{cite journal | vauthors = Khurts S, Masutomi K, Delgermaa L, Arai K, Oishi N, Mizuno H, Hayashi N, Hahn WC, Murakami S | title = Nucleolin interacts with telomerase | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 49 | pages = 51508–15 | date = Dec 2004 | pmid = 15371412 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M407643200 }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}
{{Clear}}
 
== References ==
{{reflist|33em}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin|33em}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tuteja R, Tuteja N | title = Nucleolin: a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein | journal = Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | volume = 33 | issue = 6 | pages = 407–36 | year = 1999 | pmid = 9918513 | doi = 10.1080/10409239891204260 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Pasternack MS, Bleier KJ, McInerney TN | title = Granzyme A binding to target cell proteins. Granzyme A binds to and cleaves nucleolin in vitro | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 266 | issue = 22 | pages = 14703–8 | date = Aug 1991 | pmid = 1860869 | doi =  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Labbé JC, Dorée M, Amalric F | title = Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of nucleolin by p34cdc2 protein kinase | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 10 | issue = 7 | pages = 3607–18 | date = Jul 1990 | pmid = 2192260 | pmc = 360797 | doi =  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Srivastava M, Fleming PJ, Pollard HB, Burns AL | title = Cloning and sequencing of the human nucleolin cDNA | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 250 | issue = 1 | pages = 99–105 | date = Jun 1989 | pmid = 2737305 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80692-1 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tuteja N, Huang NW, Skopac D, Tuteja R, Hrvatic S, Zhang J, Pongor S, Joseph G, Faucher C, Amalric F | title = Human DNA helicase IV is nucleolin, an RNA helicase modulated by phosphorylation | journal = Gene | volume = 160 | issue = 2 | pages = 143–8 | date = Jul 1995 | pmid = 7642087 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00207-M }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jordan P, Heid H, Kinzel V, Kübler D | title = Major cell surface-located protein substrates of an ecto-protein kinase are homologs of known nuclear proteins | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 33 | issue = 49 | pages = 14696–706 | date = Dec 1994 | pmid = 7993898 | doi = 10.1021/bi00253a007 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nicoloso M, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Michot B, Azum MC, Bachellerie JP | title = U20, a novel small nucleolar RNA, is encoded in an intron of the nucleolin gene in mammals | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 14 | issue = 9 | pages = 5766–76 | date = Sep 1994 | pmid = 8065311 | pmc = 359102 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.14.9.5766 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ishikawa F, Matunis MJ, Dreyfuss G, Cech TR | title = Nuclear proteins that bind the pre-mRNA 3' splice site sequence r(UUAG/G) and the human telomeric DNA sequence d(TTAGGG)n | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 13 | issue = 7 | pages = 4301–10 | date = Jul 1993 | pmid = 8321232 | pmc = 359985 | doi =  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Eggert M, Möws CC, Tripier D, Arnold R, Michel J, Nickel J, Schmidt S, Beato M, Renkawitz R | title = A fraction enriched in a novel glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein stimulates receptor-dependent transcription in vitro | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 270 | issue = 51 | pages = 30755–9 | date = Dec 1995 | pmid = 8530516 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.270.51.30755 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bharti AK, Olson MO, Kufe DW, Rubin EH | title = Identification of a nucleolin binding site in human topoisomerase I | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 4 | pages = 1993–7 | date = Jan 1996 | pmid = 8567649 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.4.1993 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Li YP, Busch RK, Valdez BC, Busch H | title = C23 interacts with B23, a putative nucleolar-localization-signal-binding protein | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 237 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–8 | date = Apr 1996 | pmid = 8620867 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0153n.x }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG | title = The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 26 | pages = 15662–8 | date = Jun 1996 | pmid = 8663258 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.26.15662 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zhou G, Seibenhener ML, Wooten MW | title = Nucleolin is a protein kinase C-zeta substrate. Connection between cell surface signaling and nucleus in PC12 cells | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 49 | pages = 31130–7 | date = Dec 1997 | pmid = 9388266 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.49.31130 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Haluska P, Saleem A, Edwards TK, Rubin EH | title = Interaction between the N-terminus of human topoisomerase I and SV40 large T antigen | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 26 | issue = 7 | pages = 1841–7 | date = Apr 1998 | pmid = 9512561 | pmc = 147454 | doi = 10.1093/nar/26.7.1841 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Borggrefe T, Wabl M, Akhmedov AT, Jessberger R | title = A B-cell-specific DNA recombination complex | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 273 | issue = 27 | pages = 17025–35 | date = Jul 1998 | pmid = 9642267 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.273.27.17025 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Larrucea S, González-Rubio C, Cambronero R, Ballou B, Bonay P, López-Granados E, Bouvet P, Fontán G, Fresno M, López-Trascasa M | title = Cellular adhesion mediated by factor J, a complement inhibitor. Evidence for nucleolin involvement | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 273 | issue = 48 | pages = 31718–25 | date = Nov 1998 | pmid = 9822633 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.273.48.31718 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Parada CA, Roeder RG | title = A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 18 | issue = 13 | pages = 3688–701 | date = Jul 1999 | pmid = 10393184 | pmc = 1171446 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/18.13.3688 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=4691}}
 
[[Category:Proteins]]

Latest revision as of 23:41, 6 September 2017

VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Nucleolin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCL gene.[1][2]

Gene

The human NCL gene is located on chromosome 2 and consists of 14 exons with 13 introns and spans approximately 11kb. The intron 11 of the NCL gene encodes a small nucleolar RNA, termed U20.[3]

Function

Nucleolin (NCL), a eukaryotic nucleolar phosphoprotein, is involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomes.[3] The protein is located mainly in dense fibrillar regions of the nucleolus.

Nucleolin is also able to act as a transcriptional coactivator with Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII).[4]

Clinical significance

Midkine and pleiotrophin bind to cell-surface nucleolin as a low affinity receptor. This binding can inhibit HIV infection.[5][6]

Nucleolin at the cell surface is the receptor for the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) fusion protein.[7] Interference with the nucleolin - RSV fusion protein interaction has been shown to be therapeutic against RSV infection in cell cultures and animal models.[8][9][10]

Interactions

Nucleolin has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. ↑ Srivastava M, McBride OW, Fleming PJ, Pollard HB, Burns AL (Sep 1990). "Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human nucleolin gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (25): 14922–31. PMID 2394707.
  2. ↑ Erard MS, Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Pantaloni A, Amalric F (Aug 1988). "A major nucleolar protein, nucleolin, induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 175 (3): 525–30. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14224.x. PMID 3409881.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: NCL nucleolin".
  4. ↑ Litchfield LM, Riggs KA, Hockenberry AM, Oliver LD, Barnhart KG, Cai J, Pierce WM, Ivanova MM, Bates PJ, Appana SN, Datta S, Kulesza P, McBryan J, Young LS, Klinge CM (May 2012). "Identification and characterization of nucleolin as a COUP-TFII coactivator of retinoic acid receptor β transcription in breast cancer cells". PLOS ONE. 7 (5): e38278. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038278. PMC 3365040. PMID 22693611.
  5. ↑ Said EA, Krust B, Nisole S, Svab J, Briand JP, Hovanessian AG (Oct 2002). "The anti-HIV cytokine midkine binds the cell surface-expressed nucleolin as a low affinity receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (40): 37492–502. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201194200. PMID 12147681.
  6. ↑ Said EA, Courty J, Svab J, Delbé J, Krust B, Hovanessian AG (Sep 2005). "Pleiotrophin inhibits HIV infection by binding the cell surface-expressed nucleolin". The FEBS Journal. 272 (18): 4646–59. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04870.x. PMID 16156786.
  7. ↑ Tayyari F, Marchant D, Moraes TJ, Duan W, Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG (Sep 2011). "Identification of nucleolin as a cellular receptor for human respiratory syncytial virus". Nature Medicine. 17 (9): 1132–5. doi:10.1038/nm.2444. PMID 21841784.
  8. ↑ Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG (Nov 2012). "The RSV fusion receptor: not what everyone expected it to be". Microbes and Infection / Institut Pasteur. 14 (13): 1205–10. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2012.07.015. PMID 22884716.
  9. ↑ Mastrangelo P, Hegele RG (Mar 2013). "RSV fusion: time for a new model". Viruses. 5 (3): 873–85. doi:10.3390/v5030873. PMC 3705301. PMID 23518574.
  10. ↑ Shakeri A, Mastrangelo P, Griffin JK, Moraes TJ, Hegele RG (Nov 2014). "Respiratory syncytial virus receptor expression in the mouse and viral tropism". Histology and Histopathology. 30: 401–411. doi:10.14670/HH-30.401. PMID 25374027.
  11. ↑ Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG (Jun 1996). "The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (26): 15662–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.26.15662. PMID 8663258.
  12. ↑ Dubois T, Zemlickova E, Howell S, Aitken A (Feb 2003). "Centaurin-alpha 1 associates in vitro and in vivo with nucleolin". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 301 (2): 502–8. doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)03010-3. PMID 12565890.
  13. ↑ Tominaga K, Srikantan S, Lee EK, Subaran SS, Martindale JL, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M (Oct 2011). "Competitive regulation of nucleolin expression by HuR and miR-494". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 31 (20): 4219–31. doi:10.1128/MCB.05955-11. PMC 3187287. PMID 21859890.
  14. ↑ Li YP, Busch RK, Valdez BC, Busch H (Apr 1996). "C23 interacts with B23, a putative nucleolar-localization-signal-binding protein". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 237 (1): 153–8. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0153n.x. PMID 8620867.
  15. ↑ Daniely Y, Dimitrova DD, Borowiec JA (Aug 2002). "Stress-dependent nucleolin mobilization mediated by p53-nucleolin complex formation". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (16): 6014–22. doi:10.1128/mcb.22.16.6014-6022.2002. PMC 133981. PMID 12138209.
  16. ↑ Morimoto H, Okamura H, Haneji T (Sep 2002). "Interaction of protein phosphatase 1 delta with nucleolin in human osteoblastic cells". The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 50 (9): 1187–93. doi:10.1177/002215540205000905. PMID 12185196.
  17. ↑ Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Kataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH (Nov 2003). "S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes". The Journal of Cell Biology. 163 (4): 825–35. doi:10.1083/jcb.200304017. PMC 2173690. PMID 14623863.
  18. ↑ Fouraux MA, Bouvet P, Verkaart S, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ (Jul 2002). "Nucleolin associates with a subset of the human Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes". Journal of Molecular Biology. 320 (3): 475–88. doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00518-1. PMID 12096904.
  19. ↑ Haluska P, Saleem A, Edwards TK, Rubin EH (Apr 1998). "Interaction between the N-terminus of human topoisomerase I and SV40 large T antigen". Nucleic Acids Research. 26 (7): 1841–7. doi:10.1093/nar/26.7.1841. PMC 147454. PMID 9512561.
  20. ↑ Bharti AK, Olson MO, Kufe DW, Rubin EH (Jan 1996). "Identification of a nucleolin binding site in human topoisomerase I". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (4): 1993–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.4.1993. PMID 8567649.
  21. ↑ Khurts S, Masutomi K, Delgermaa L, Arai K, Oishi N, Mizuno H, Hayashi N, Hahn WC, Murakami S (Dec 2004). "Nucleolin interacts with telomerase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (49): 51508–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M407643200. PMID 15371412.

Further reading

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