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| {{drugbox | | __NOTOC__ |
| |IUPAC_name=[2-[(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]ethanoate
| | {{Nitazoxanide}} |
| |image=Nitazoxanide.svg
| | '''''For patient information, click <u>[[Nitazoxanide (patient information)|here]]</u>'''''. |
| |CAS_number=55981-09-4
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| |ATC_prefix=P01
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| |ATC_suffix=AX11
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| |ATC_supplemental=
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| |PubChem=41684
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| |DrugBank=APRD00558
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| |C=12|H=9|N=3|O=5|S=1
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| |molecular_weight=307.283 g/mol
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| |bioavailability=
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| |protein_bound=99%
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| |metabolism=[[Hydrolysis|Hydrolyzed]] to [[tizoxanide]]
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| |elimination_half-life=
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| |excretion=[[Kidney|Renal]], biliary and fecal
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| |pregnancy_AU=<!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
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| |pregnancy_US=B
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| |pregnancy_category=
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| |legal_AU=<!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S4 / S8 -->
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| |legal_UK=<!-- GSL / P / POM / CD -->
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| |legal_US=Rx-only
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| |legal_status=
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| |routes_of_administration=Oral (tablets and suspension)
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| }} | |
| '''Nitazoxanide''', also known by the brand names '''Alinia''' and '''Annita''', is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-[[salicylamide]] derivative and an [[antiprotozoal agent]]. It is approved for the treatment of infectious diarrhea caused by ''[[Cryptosporidium parvum]]'' and ''[[Giardia lamblia]]'' in patients 1 year of age and older. | |
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| Nitazoxanide is currently in [[clinical trial#phase II|Phase II clinical trial]]s for the treatment of [[hepatitis C]], in combination with [[Pegylated interferon alfa-2a|peginterferon alfa-2a]] and [[ribavirin]].<ref>{{cite press release | url = http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/79780.php | title = Romark Initiates Clinical Trial Of Alinia® For Chronic Hepatitis C In The United States | date = [[August 16]] [[2007]] | accessdate = 2007-10-11 | publisher = Medical News Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hcvadvocate.org/hepatitis/hepC/HCVDrugs.html | last = Franciscus | first = Alan | title = Hepatitis C Treatments in Current Clinical Development | date = [[October 2]] [[2007]] | accessdate = 2007-10-11 | publisher = HCV Advocate}}</ref>
| | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AZ}} |
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| ==Adverse effects== | | ==Overview== |
| Side effects are mostly gastrointestinal, and include abdominal pain, [[vomiting]] and [[diarrhea]].
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| ==Pharmacokinetics== | | ==Category== |
| Nitazoxanide is a [[prodrug]]. Following oral administration, it is rapidly [[hydrolyzed]] to its active metabolite, [[tizoxanide]], which is 99% protein bound. Peak concentrations are observed 1–4 hours after administration. It is excreted in the [[urine]], [[bile]] and [[feces]]. | | Antiprotozoal drug |
| | ==US Brand Names== |
| | ALINIA<sup>®</sup> |
| | ==FDA Package Insert== |
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| | ''' [[Nitazoxanide description|Description]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide microbiology|Microbiology]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide contraindications|Contraindications]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide overdosage|Overdosage]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide how supplied|How Supplied]]''' |
| | '''| [[Nitazoxanide labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]''' |
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| | ==Mechanism of Action== |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| ===Notes===
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| {{Reflist}}
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| ===Sources===
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| {{refbegin}}
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| * Mosby's Drug Consult 16th Edition (2006)
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| * {{cite web | url = http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a603017.html | title = Nitazoxanide | date = [[January 1]] [[2006]] | accessdate = 2007-10-11 | publisher = U.S. [[National Library of Medicine]] | work = [[MedlinePlus|MedlinePlus Drug Information]]}}
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| * Romark Pharmaceuticals. Alinia® (nitazoxanide) tablets and for oral suspension prescribing information. Tampa, FL: 2005 Jun.
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| *{{cite journal |author= |title=Parasitic infections |journal=Am J Transplant |volume=4 Suppl 10 |issue= |pages=142–55 |year=2004 |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1600-6135.2004.00677.x?cookieSet=1 |pmid=15504227 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-6135.2004.00677.x}}
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| {{refend}}
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| {{-}}
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| {{Agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases}}
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| [[Category:Antiprotozoal agents]]
| | {{Reflist|2}} |
| [[Category:Nitro compounds]]
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| [[Category:Prodrugs]]
| | [[Category:Antibiotics]] |
| [[Category:Thiazoles]] | |
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| [[pt:Nitazoxanida]] | | [[Category:Wikinfect]] |
| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
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