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==Overview==
==Overview==
All reported cases have been linked to countries in and near the Arabian Peninsula. Most infected people either lived in the Arabian Peninsula or recently traveled from the Arabian Peninsula before they became ill. A few people became infected with MERS-CoV after having close contact with an infected person who had recently traveled from the Arabian Peninsula.  
MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in 9 countries in the Middle East and in South Korea. However, cases with a history of recent travel had been reported in several countries worldwide. As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%. The median age at infection is 47 years with no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years). Approximately 2/3 of infected patients are males.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
*As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV  infection have been reported in 25 countries.


As of 16 June, 701 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported to WHO, including at least 249 deaths. Overall, 63.5% of cases reporting sex (n=677) are male and the median age is 47 years old (range 9 months-94 years old; n=695). An additional 113 cases occurring between 2012 and 2014 were reported by the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health on 3 June 2014.<ref name="WHO MERS"> {{ cite web| title=Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – update June 2014| url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_06_16_mers/en/ ]] </ref>
===Case Fatality Rate===
{|
*As of January 2015, 356 MERS-CoV-related deaths have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%.
|[[File:Epidemic Curve of MERS-CoV Cases as of 9 June 2014.png|thumb|left|450px|Epidemic Curve of MERS-CoV Cases as of 9 June 2014 [http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/archive_updates/en/]]]
|}


* The male-to-female ratio is 1.6 to 1.0, 63.5 % of cases are reported in males.
===Age===
*There is no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years).
*Among infected patients, the median age is 47 years.  


* Twenty-three (18%) of the cases occurred in persons who were identified as health-care workers.
===Gender===
*There is a male preponderance to MERS-CoV infection. The male-to-female ratio is 1.6 to 1.0.


* Although most reported cases involved severe respiratory illness requiring hospitalization, at least 27 (21%) involved mild or no symptoms.
===Developed Countries===
Only travel-associated MERS-CoV infection has also been reported in developed countries. At least one MERS-CoV case has been reported in the following countries:
* Despite evidence of person-to-person transmission, the number of contacts infected by persons with confirmed infections appears to be limited. No cases have been reported in the United States, although 82 persons from 29 states have been tested for MERS-CoV infection.
*United States of America (USA)
*United Kingdom (UK)
*France
*Germany
*Italy
*Netherlands
*Austria
*Republic of Korea


===Developing Countries===
MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in or recent travel to the following countries:
*Saudi Arabia
*United Arab Emirates (UAE)
*Qatar
*Jordan
*Oman
*Kuwait
*Yemen
*Lebanon
*Iran


Shown below is an image depicting the number of cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection (58 fatal and 72 nonfatal) reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) as of September 20, 2013, by month of illness onset during 2012-2013. As of September 20, 2013, a total of 130 cases from eight countries have been reported to WHO; 58 (45%) of these cases have been fatal.
Other countries with travel-associated MERS-CoV infection:
 
*China
[[File:Number of cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection.gif|thumb|450px|none|Courtesy: ''MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(38):777-80.''<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 1545-861X | volume = 62 | issue = 38 | pages = 777–780 | last = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | title = Deaths and severe adverse events associated with anesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification--New York City, 2012 | journal = MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report | date = 2013-09-27 | pmid = 24067581 }}</ref>]]
*Algeria
 
*Egypt
Shown below is an image depicting confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection (N = 130) reported to the World Health Organization as of September 20, 2013, and history of travel from in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days of illness onset during 2012-2013. All cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel to or residence in four countries: Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan, and the United Arab Emirates.
*Malaysia
{|
*Philippines
|[[File:Confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection.gif|thumb|450px|none|Courtesy: ''MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(38):777-80.''<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 1545-861X | volume = 62 | issue = 38 | pages = 777–780 | last = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | title = Deaths and severe adverse events associated with anesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification--New York City, 2012 | journal = MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report | date = 2013-09-27 | pmid = 24067581 }}</ref>]]
*Tunisia
|[[File:Number of laboratory confirmed MERS-CoV cases by country of probable exposure.png|thumb|550px|none|Number of laboratory confirmed MERS-CoV cases by country of probable exposure.  WHO MERS-CoV Research Group<ref>{{cite journal|The WHO MERS-CoV Research Group -. State of Knowledge and Data Gaps of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Humans. PLOS Currents Outbreaks. 2013 Nov 12. Edition 1. doi: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.0bf719e352e7478f8ad85fa30127ddb8| url=http://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/article/state-of-knowledge-and-data-gaps-of-middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-mers-cov-in-humans-2/}}</ref>]]
*Turkey
|}
*Greece
*Thailand


==References==
==References==


{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
[[category:Disease]]


[[category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[category:Virology]]
[[category:Virology]]

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2], Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [3]

Overview

MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in 9 countries in the Middle East and in South Korea. However, cases with a history of recent travel had been reported in several countries worldwide. As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%. The median age at infection is 47 years with no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years). Approximately 2/3 of infected patients are males.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported in 25 countries.

Case Fatality Rate

  • As of January 2015, 356 MERS-CoV-related deaths have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%.

Age

  • There is no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years).
  • Among infected patients, the median age is 47 years.

Gender

  • There is a male preponderance to MERS-CoV infection. The male-to-female ratio is 1.6 to 1.0.

Developed Countries

Only travel-associated MERS-CoV infection has also been reported in developed countries. At least one MERS-CoV case has been reported in the following countries:

  • United States of America (USA)
  • United Kingdom (UK)
  • France
  • Germany
  • Italy
  • Netherlands
  • Austria
  • Republic of Korea

Developing Countries

MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in or recent travel to the following countries:

  • Saudi Arabia
  • United Arab Emirates (UAE)
  • Qatar
  • Jordan
  • Oman
  • Kuwait
  • Yemen
  • Lebanon
  • Iran

Other countries with travel-associated MERS-CoV infection:

  • China
  • Algeria
  • Egypt
  • Malaysia
  • Philippines
  • Tunisia
  • Turkey
  • Greece
  • Thailand

References

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