Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection diagnostic criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Diagnostic Criteria for MERS-CoV Infection

Suspected Case

Patients should meet the following criteria, either A or B:

A. Fever (≥38°C, 100.4°F) and pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (based on clinical or radiological evidence)

AND EITHER

History of travel from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days before symptom onset

OR

Close contact with a symptomatic traveler who developed fever and acute respiratory illness (not necessarily pneumonia) within 14 days after traveling from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula

OR

Member of a cluster of patients with severe acute respiratory illness (e.g.fever and pneumonia requiring hospitalization) of unknown etiology in which MERS-CoV is being evaluated, in consultation with state and local health departments

B. Fever (≥38°C, 100.4°F)

AND

Symptoms of respiratory illness (not necessarily pneumonia; e.g., cough, shortness of breath)

AND

Being in a healthcare facility (as a patient, worker, or visitor) within 14 days before symptom onset in a country or territory in or near the Arabian Peninsula in which recent healthcare-associated cases of MERS have been identified

Probable Case

According to the CDC, it is considered a probable case of MERS-CoV infection, an individual under investigation who has missing or inconclusive laboratory test results for the infection and that has been in close contact with another individual who is a "laboratory-confirmed case" of MERS-CoV infection.

Confirmed Case

According to the CDC, a confirmed case of MERS-CoV infection is considered an individual who shows laboratory confirmation of infection by MERS-CoV.