Mallory-Weiss syndrome (patient information): Difference between revisions
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==What causes Mallory-Weiss syndrome?== | ==What causes Mallory-Weiss syndrome?== | ||
Mallory-Weiss tears are usually developed secondary to a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure. Anything that leads to forceful and lengthy [[vomiting]] or [[coughing]]. can cause these tears. | Mallory-Weiss tears are usually developed secondary to a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure. Anything that leads to forceful and lengthy [[vomiting]] or [[coughing]].<ref name="pmid5358896">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weaver DH, Maxwell JG, Castleton KB |title=Mallory-Weiss syndrome |journal=Am. J. Surg. |volume=118 |issue=6 |pages=887–92 |year=1969 |pmid=5358896 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4548094">{{cite journal |vauthors=Watts HD, Admirand WH |title=Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A reappraisal |journal=JAMA |volume=230 |issue=12 |pages=1674–5 |year=1974 |pmid=4548094 |doi= |url=}}</ref> can cause these tears. | ||
Mallory-Weiss tears may also be caused by [[convulsions]] | Mallory-Weiss tears may also be caused by [[convulsions]]. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
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==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ||
Call your health care provider if you begin vomiting blood or if you pass bloody stools. | |||
==Treatment options== | ==Treatment options== | ||
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If blood loss has been great, blood transfusions may be needed. In most cases, bleeding stops without treatment within a few hours. | If blood loss has been great, blood transfusions may be needed. In most cases, bleeding stops without treatment within a few hours. | ||
==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== | ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== | ||
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==Possible complications== | ==Possible complications== | ||
*[[Hemorrhage]] (loss of blood) | *[[Hemorrhage]] (loss of blood) | ||
== Prevention == | |||
Treatments to relieve vomiting and coughing may reduce risk. Avoid excessive alcohol use. | |||
==Source== | ==Source== | ||
Latest revision as of 19:08, 18 October 2017
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome |
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Mallory-Weiss syndrome |
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Diab, MD [2]
Overview
Mallory-Weiss syndrome occurs in the mucus membrane of the distal esophagus or proximal part of stomach, near the junction. The tear may bleed.
What are the symptoms of Mallory-Weiss syndrome?
- Bloody stools
- Vomiting blood (bright red)
- Epigastric pain
Patients often have history of nonbloody vomiting, retching, or coughing.[1]
What causes Mallory-Weiss syndrome?
Mallory-Weiss tears are usually developed secondary to a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure. Anything that leads to forceful and lengthy vomiting or coughing.[2][3] can cause these tears.
Mallory-Weiss tears may also be caused by convulsions.
Diagnosis
- CBC possibly showing low hematocrit
- Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), more likely to be done when there is active bleeding
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if you begin vomiting blood or if you pass bloody stools.
Treatment options
The tear usually heals in a few days without treatment. Surgery is rarely needed. Drugs that suppress stomach acid (proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers) may be given, but it is not clear if they are helpful.
If blood loss has been great, blood transfusions may be needed. In most cases, bleeding stops without treatment within a few hours.
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Repeated bleeding is uncommon and the outcome is usually good. Cirrhosis of the liver and problems with blood clotting make future bleeding episodes more likely to occur.
Possible complications
- Hemorrhage (loss of blood)
Prevention
Treatments to relieve vomiting and coughing may reduce risk. Avoid excessive alcohol use.
Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001315/
- ↑ Harris JM, DiPalma JA (1993). "Clinical significance of Mallory-Weiss tears". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 88 (12): 2056–8. PMID 8249973.
- ↑ Weaver DH, Maxwell JG, Castleton KB (1969). "Mallory-Weiss syndrome". Am. J. Surg. 118 (6): 887–92. PMID 5358896.
- ↑ Watts HD, Admirand WH (1974). "Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A reappraisal". JAMA. 230 (12): 1674–5. PMID 4548094.